THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 371 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• SLPOther2021Development of the Observation Schedule for Children with Autism-Anxiety, Behaviour and Parenting (OSCA-ABP): A New Measure of Child and Parenting Behavior for Use with Young Autistic Children.Journal of autism and developmental disordersA new observation schedule reliably captured challenging behaviors and parenting responses in young autistic children, including those with minimal speech. It showed that minimally verbal children displayed significantly more challenging behaviors per minute than verbal children, providing a standardized way to assess these difficulties directly.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Strategies for Research, Practice, and Policy for Autism in Later Life: A Report from a Think Tank on Aging and Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disordersA think tank of 27 people, including autistic adults, identified gaps in care for aging autistic individuals. They recommended adapting existing community programs and training long-term care staff, rather than creating new silos, to address sensory and social needs.
• PTOTQualitative2021Participation in leisure activities from the perception of children with disabilities and their families in Brazil.Journal of rehabilitation medicineChildren with disabilities and their families identified environmental barriers as the main obstacle to leisure participation, outweighing physical limitations. Overprotective family attitudes and inaccessible public spaces were frequent barriers. Family support and adapted environments were the primary facilitators.
• PTMeta-Analysis2021Effectiveness of exercise interventions for children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of rehabilitation medicineExercise interventions for children with cerebral palsy improved gait speed and muscle strength, but did not significantly improve gross motor function. The positive findings for speed and strength were unstable, disappearing when certain trials were excluded from the analysis.
• SLPRCT2021White Matter Integrity Predicts Electrical Stimulation (tDCS) and Language Therapy Effects in Primary Progressive Aphasia.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairAdding left frontal tDCS to written naming and spelling therapy improved trained words more than therapy alone, and only tDCS improved untrained words. Baseline white-matter tracts were associated with gains in both groups.
• PTOTRCT2021Rehabilitation following rotator cuff repair: A multi-centre pilot & feasibility randomised controlled trial (RaCeR).Clinical rehabilitationEarly sling removal was feasible and resulted in significantly more time out of the sling than standard care. However, clinical outcomes showed no significant difference between groups, and the study was underpowered to confirm effectiveness.
• PTOTCohort2021Brief report: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health behaviors in adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Disability and health journalIn nine adolescents with ASD, self-reported physical activity fell from 4.17 to 2.27 days per week, while screen time rose. Sleep duration did not change, but four said bedtime shifted later.
• PTCohort2021The optimal timing of supporting patients in health-related behavior change after TIA or ischemic stroke: a prospective cohort study to determinants of health-related intention to change over time.International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptationFear after stroke or TIA decreased by 3 months, while confidence to change health behavior stayed high. For physical therapists, early activity conversations may build on confidence rather than fear.
• PTCase Series2021Nerve Compression Injuries After Prolonged Prone Position Ventilation in Patients With SARS-CoV-2: A Case Series.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationSeven men treated with prolonged prone ventilation for severe pneumonia developed nerve injuries in arms or legs. The cases included brachial plexus damage, ulnar nerve compression at the elbow, and peroneal nerve injury. All patients were male, and most had significant weight loss or risk factors for malnutrition.
• PTOTCase-Control2021Mu Rhythm during Standing and Walking Is Altered in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy Compared to Children with Typical Development.Developmental neurorehabilitationChildren with unilateral CP showed lower peak brainwave frequencies and altered connectivity during standing compared to typically developing peers. However, brain activity changes during walking were similar between groups. These EEG measures may help track motor development, but need larger studies.
• PTOTRCT2021Experience of physical activity described by patients with heart failure who have received individualized exercise advice: A qualitative study.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePatients with heart failure felt encouraged to be active by advice and monitoring, but often lacked specific guidance on how much or what to do. They adapted activities to fit their abilities and relied on social support and accessible environments to stay active.
• SLPQualitative2021Understanding How Parents Make Meaning of Their Child's Behaviors During Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Longitudinal Qualitative Investigation.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents changed how they read their child's behavior during autism screening. They noticed new signs, compared them with speech or other conditions, and searched for causes, moving toward or away from an autism explanation.
• OTSLPQualitative2021A study of mapping usual care and unmet need for vocational rehabilitation and psychological support following major trauma in five health districts in the UK.Clinical rehabilitationAcross the UK trauma networks studied, support after major trauma was uneven. Many musculoskeletal and amputation survivors lacked vocational or psychological help, faced long waits, and fell between acute and community teams.
• PTCohort2020A novel use of inertial sensors to measure the craniocervical flexion range of motion associated to the craniocervical flexion test: an observational study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationForehead inertial sensors measured neck flexion during the craniocervical flexion test reliably, but healthy young adults varied too much for standard range-of-motion targets at each pressure stage.
• PTOTSLPMeta-Analysis2020The Prevalence of Self-injurious Behaviour in Autism: A Meta-analytic Study.Journal of autism and developmental disordersSelf-injury affects 42% of autistic people. It is not more common in those with intellectual disability, contrary to assumption. Female gender is linked to higher prevalence. Hand hitting, skin picking and hitting objects are the most common forms.
• OTSLPOther2020Brief Report: Performance-Based Executive Functioning Abilities are Associated with Caregiver Report of Adaptive Functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism who scored lower on spatial working memory tasks also had lower caregiver ratings of daily living skills. Verbal working memory was linked to communication scores. Neither type of executive function was associated with socialization skills.
• OTCohort2020Applicability of the post-traumatic stress disorder gate criterion in people with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities: Do additional adverse events impact current symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in people with intellectual disabilities?Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDCaregivers reported that non-traumatic adverse life events added to PTSD symptoms in people with intellectual disabilities, but self-reports did not. The two groups disagreed on which events mattered most, so clinical assessment must include both perspectives rather than relying on one.
• SLPQualitative2020Perspectives on Sleep from Multiethnic Community Parents, Pediatric Providers, and Childcare Providers.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPParents and providers agreed sleep matters but clashed on solutions. Parents resisted naps and consistent routines due to stress and tradition, while providers underestimated children's sleep needs. Childcare centers were identified as the best place for sleep education.
• OTCohort2020Early Motor Differences in Infants at Elevated Likelihood of Autism Spectrum Disorder and/or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAt 10 months, infants with a family history of autism or ADHD crossed the body midline less often during block play than typical infants. The difference was not seen at 5 or 14 months, and it was not accompanied by differences in motor scores.
• OTSurvey2020Diversity and Inclusion in the American Legal Profession: Workplace Accommodations for Lawyers with Disabilities and Lawyers Who Identify as LGBTQ.Journal of occupational rehabilitationLawyers with disabilities were more likely to request workplace accommodations but less likely to have them granted. Multiple marginalized identities, such as being a disabled woman of color, further reduced the odds of receiving accommodations.
• OTSLPCohort2020Work, living, and the pursuit of happiness: Vocational and psychosocial outcomes for young adults with autism.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceYoung adults with autism and lower verbal IQ had worse work, living, friendships, and daily living skills than higher-IQ autistic and never-ASD adults. Higher-IQ autistic adults were similar to never-ASD adults, except poorer daily living skills and quality of life.
• PTOTPilot2020Virtual Reality in Pain Rehabilitation for Youth With Chronic Pain: Pilot Feasibility Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesIn 17 youth receiving intensive pain treatment, Fruity Feet was feasible and acceptable. Among 8 with repeated daily reports, pain, fear, avoidance, and functional limitations decreased, while activity engagement and pain reactivity did not change.
• PTOTRCT2020Commercial head-mounted display virtual reality for upper extremity rehabilitation in chronic stroke: a single-case design study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSeven people with chronic stroke played commercial VR games for ten weeks. Most showed improved arm function on clinical tests. The games required no button pressing, allowing those with severe weakness to participate using straps. This is a small pilot, not proof of efficacy.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Posthospital Brain Injury Rehabilitation Providers.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationSeven posthospital brain injury rehabilitation organizations adapted services with telehealth and strict safety protocols during the pandemic. Infection rates remained low among patients and staff, with zero deaths reported, though financial strain and service limitations were significant.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Prevalence of intellectual disability among eight-year-old children from selected communities in the United States, 2014.Disability and health journalIntellectual disability affected 11.8 of every 1,000 eight-year-olds in nine US states. Prevalence was twice as high in boys as girls and highest in Black children. Rates dropped as neighborhood income and education rose. Children in lower-income areas were tested later.
• SLPOther2021Exploring Key Physiological System Profiles at Rest and the Association with Depressive Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism had more parent-reported depressive symptoms than typical peers, but resting cortisol and autonomic measures did not differ. In autism, higher parasympathetic and lower sympathetic activity was linked to fewer symptoms.
• SLPOther2021Strategic Deception in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdults with ASD used deceptive moves at similar rates to adults without ASD when deception was needed to win, avoided traps at similar rates, but learned more across trials and were slower when avoiding traps.
• OTSLPOther2021Brief Report: Social Anxiety in Autism Spectrum Disorder is Based on Deficits in Social Competence.Journal of autism and developmental disordersHigh-functioning adults with autism reported social anxiety levels comparable to those with social anxiety disorder, but showed significantly greater deficits in social competence and information processing. This suggests autistic social anxiety stems from fundamental social skill deficits rather than fear of negative evaluation alone.
• SLPQualitative2021"The Real Thing I Struggle with is Other People's Perceptions": The Experiences of Autistic Performing Arts Professionals and Attitudes of Performing Arts Employers in the UK.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutistic performing arts professionals reported significant workplace barriers, including sensory overload, anxiety around auditions, and fear of negative judgment if they disclosed their autism. They often lacked support because employers had low knowledge of autism and few resources. Employers were open to learning but lacked confidence.
• OTSLPCohort2021Trajectories of Autism Symptom Severity Change During Early Childhood.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutism symptom severity changed during early childhood. Most children stayed stable, some decreased, and some increased. Baseline severity did not predict direction, so watch for both improvement and worsening.
• SLPRCT2021Self-managed, computerised word finding therapy as an add-on to usual care for chronic aphasia post-stroke: An economic evaluation.Clinical rehabilitationComputerised word finding therapy adds about £733 per patient but produced uncertain quality of life gains. It was not clearly cost-effective for the whole group, though it looked better for those with mild or moderate word finding difficulties.
• SLPOther2021Staff Perceptions and Implementation Fidelity of an Autism Spectrum Disorder Care Pathway on a Child/Adolescent General Psychiatric Inpatient Service.Journal of autism and developmental disordersStaff found visual schedules and first-then cards helpful, but autism care pathway documentation was inconsistent. Early reward identification was linked to fewer later crisis interventions; no link to length of stay. This is observational, not proof the pathway works.
• Other2021ZMILE, a multicomponent self-management intervention for adults with epilepsy: Rationale and description of the intervention.Clinical rehabilitationThere is no original result to act on. ZMILE is described as a self-management program for adults with epilepsy, but no study methods or outcomes are reported.
• PTOTCohort2021IQ and Sensory Symptom Severity Best Predict Motor Ability in Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism had lower motor scores than children in the typically developing or intermediate groups, but sensory symptom severity and IQ predicted motor ability better than diagnosis. Assess sensory and cognitive factors before assuming motor problems follow from diagnosis alone.
• SLPQualitative2021Parental Perceptions and Decisions Regarding Maintaining Bilingualism in Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of bilingual children on the autism spectrum were split between keeping two languages and using mainly English. Choices depended on family ties, advice, child's needs and English. Some were told one language was more appropriate; others received no language advice.
• PTOTPilot2021Effect of Different Forms of Activity-Based Recovery Training on Bladder, Bowel, and Sexual Function After Spinal Cord Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationStand training did not improve bladder, bowel, or sexual function after spinal cord injury. Arm crank exercise lowered bladder pressure and improved bladder compliance, but bowel and sexual function scores did not change.
• Cohort2021Predictors of Receipt of Clinical Preventive Services in Adolescents and Adults with Down Syndrome Accessing Medicaid.Disability and health journalMost adolescents and adults with Down syndrome on Medicaid did not get recommended preventive care. Having received care previously was the strongest predictor of getting it again. Simply seeing a doctor for other issues did not lead to catching up on missed screenings.
• Survey2020Personalized medical information card for adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: An initiative to improve communication between patients and healthcare providers.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDMost patients and caregivers who used a clinic-issued medical information card found it helpful for safety and convenience. However, only 46% of those surveyed had used the card at least once. The card required significant staff time to create and verify.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2020Parents' knowledge of their child with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: An interpretative synthesis.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDParents of children with profound disabilities describe knowing their child through a physical, intuitive bond. This knowledge is hard to transfer via written logs but can be shared by showing caregivers how to interact or by telling stories, helping them understand the child's needs.
• PTOTRCT2020Effects of robot viscous forces on arm movements in chronic stroke survivors: a randomized crossover study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn 13 chronic stroke survivors, only a robot force that assisted movement made reaching faster while it was on. Speed did not stay faster after it stopped, and resisting or rewarding speed did not increase speed.
• PTOTQualitative2020Exploring Attitudes and Experiences of People With Knee Osteoarthritis Toward a Self-Directed eHealth Intervention to Support Exercise: Qualitative Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesPeople with knee osteoarthritis found a self-directed website and SMS program easy to use and helpful for exercising. However, automated texts caused guilt when they missed sessions. Most wanted a health professional to introduce the program and be available for questions.
• PTCohort2020Dynamic body-weight support to boost rehabilitation outcomes in patients with non-traumatic spinal cord injury: an observational study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThe main daily-function improvement scores did not show a clear difference once the study's stricter comparison rule was applied. One bowel and bladder area favored dynamic body-weight support.
• PTOther2020Characterization of speed adaptation while walking on an omnidirectional treadmill.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWalking on an omnidirectional treadmill did not match overground walking. Participants walked slower with shorter steps, faster cadence, more knee and ankle bending, and greater activity in some hip muscles. Adding virtual reality made little difference.
• SLPOther2020National and State Estimates of Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders2.21% of U.S. adults aged 18-84, or 1 in 45, were estimated to be living with autism in 2017. State estimates ranged 1.97% to 2.42%. This is planning data, not treatment evidence.
• SLPSurvey2020Types and correlates of school non-attendance in students with autism spectrum disorders.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceSchool non-attendance is common in children with autism, with 43% showing persistent absence. School refusal was the most frequent reason, accounting for 43% of missed days. Factors linked to higher absence included older age, mainstream school attendance, and parental unemployment.
• PTCohort2020Motor atypicalities in infancy are associated with general developmental level at 2 years, but not autistic symptoms.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceReaching movements at 10 months did not track autistic symptoms at 24 months. They tracked general developmental level, and subtle differences appeared in infants with an autistic sibling compared with infants without one.
• SLPNarrative Review2020Creating equitable healthcare quality and safety for children with intellectual disability in hospital.Child: care, health and developmentChildren coded with intellectual disability stayed a median of 87 hours, versus 64 hours for other children, but one third of their admissions lacked the code. Do not rely on hospital diagnosis codes alone.
• PTOTRCT2020Development of the Home based Virtual Rehabilitation System (HoVRS) to remotely deliver an intense and customized upper extremity training.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFifteen people with chronic stroke used a home virtual reality system for three months. Their upper limb function scores improved by an average of 5.2 points, exceeding the clinically important difference. The system was feasible, with participants averaging 13.5 hours of use and few technical issues.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2021The impact of injury: The experiences of children and families after a child's traumatic injury.Clinical rehabilitationInjured children and parents describe discharge as a time when hidden problems surface. Late-onset fatigue, fear of re-injury, and coordination gaps leave families feeling abandoned. Therapists should proactively manage activity restrictions and screen for post-traumatic stress symptoms after hospital discharge.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Identification of Functional Limitations and Discharge Destination in Patients With COVID-19.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn patients with COVID-19 matched for age and comorbidities, physical health deficits and being single, divorced or widowed were associated with discharge to an institution rather than home. Rehabilitation therapy was provided to a minority of patients overall.