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Paediatrics research

Everything we have read on paediatrics. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

1,906 PAPERS · PAGE 1 OF 39 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTSurvey2016Predictors of Obesity in a US Sample of High School Adolescents With and Without Disabilities.The Journal of school healthHigh school students who reported a disability had 16% obesity versus 10% in peers, plus lower activity and more fasting, diet pills, vomiting or laxatives. Screen weight-control risk and ask about activity access.
• PTOTSLPRNSystematic Review2016Enhanced Physical Activity Improves Selected Outcomes in Children With ADHD: Systematic Review.Western journal of nursing researchPhysical activity is linked to better attention and behavior in children with ADHD, but effects on physical health measures are inconsistent. The evidence is weak due to small, varied studies, so it supports adding activity to care rather than replacing treatment.
• PTRNOther2017Do children with cystic fibrosis receiving outreach care have poorer clinical outcomes than those treated at a specialist cystic fibrosis centre?The Australian journal of rural healthChildren with cystic fibrosis in outreach clinics did not have poorer lung function, body mass index or P. aeruginosa colonisation than children at a specialist centre. Socio-economic status and remoteness did not significantly change lung function or BMI.
• PTRNCohort2017Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Families and Healthcare Team Interaction Trajectories During Acute Hospitalization.Journal of pediatric nursingChart reviews of 35 hospitalized children with traumatic brain injury described three phases of family interaction: information seeking, watchful waiting, and decision making. These phases occurred at different times depending on injury severity, suggesting communication strategies should be tailored to the child's specific stage of recovery.
• PTRNCohort2017Homecare and Healthcare Utilization Errors Post-Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Discharge.Advances in neonatal care : official journal of the National Association of Neonatal NursesMost high-risk NICU graduates had at least one homecare or follow-up error after discharge; home visits found 63.1% of infants affected, and most errors appeared at the first visit.
• PTCohort2017Changes in Physical Activity in the School, Afterschool, and Evening Periods During the Transition From Elementary to Middle School.The Journal of school healthSchool-day activity dropped sharply as children moved from elementary to middle school, especially in the first year. Boys and girls both lost school-day movement, while afterschool and evening patterns differed by sex.
• PTCohort2017Associations Between Hormonal Biomarkers and Cognitive, Motor, and Language Developmental Status in Very Low Birth Weight Infants.Nursing researchHigher salivary cortisol was linked to lower motor scores at 6 months in very low birth weight infants. Testosterone was not linked to development overall. A boy subgroup showed higher testosterone with better language, but this was not the main finding.
• PTSurvey2017Relationship Between Adherence to Individual Goals Within the 5-2-1-0 Guidelines for Obesity Prevention and Number of PACER Laps in Adolescents.The Journal of school healthAdolescents who met at least one of the 5-2-1-0 health goals completed more PACER shuttle-run laps than those meeting none. Average laps did not rise further with more goals.
• PTOTRNRCT2018Sources and Types of Social Support for Physical Activity Perceived by Fifth to Eighth Grade Girls.Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of NursingGirls with three sources of support for activity moved more than those with fewer. Mothers were the most common source overall, but support from fathers dropped as girls matured. Practical help like transport and doing activity together linked to more movement.
• PTRNPilot2018Acceptability and Feasibility of Examining Physical Activity in Young Children with Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of pediatric health care : official publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & PractitionersA hospital dance game and exercycle were feasible and safe in young children with diabetes, but most did not reach moderate activity. Glucose monitoring and parent feedback were acceptable.
• PTOTRNOther2018Hearing loss and tinnitus in survivors with chemotherapy-induced neuropathy.European journal of oncology nursing : the official journal of European Oncology Nursing SocietyCancer survivors with chemotherapy-induced neuropathy who also reported hearing loss and tinnitus had worse balance, pain interference, mood, and quality of life than those with neuropathy alone, but perceived stress did not differ.
• PTRNCase Series2018Peripheral Infiltration and Extravasation Injury Methodology: A Retrospective Study.Journal of infusion nursing : the official publication of the Infusion Nurses SocietyIn 147 pediatric grade 3/4 IV infiltration cases managed by nursing, no patient needed surgery, had infection or developed compartment syndrome. Five needed specialized wound care.
• PTOTSLPRNCohort2018The Initiation of Rehabilitation Therapies and Observed Outcomes in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury.Rehabilitation nursing : the official journal of the Association of Rehabilitation NursesChildren with traumatic brain injury received rehabilitation services at different times by injury severity, and most had no delay on a speech pathology evaluation at follow-up. The study did not show that earlier or more frequent therapy improved recovery.
• PTRNCase Series2019Role of Amputation in Improving Mobility, Pain Outcomes, and Emotional and Psychological Well-Being in Children With Metastatic Osteosarcoma.The American journal of hospice & palliative careAfter amputation, records showed better mobility in eight of twelve children with metastatic osteosarcoma and limited life expectancy, lower pain at one week and three months, and improved emotional wellbeing in nine.
• PTRNQualitative2019Parental involvement in decision-making about their child's health care at the hospital.Nursing openParents of hospitalized children described decision-making as demanding. They needed clear, consistent information and professionals who asked what they wanted. Involvement varied widely, with some nurses actively including them and others simply giving care.
• PTOTSurvey2020Health-care use and information needs of children with neonatal brachial plexus palsy: A cross-sectional survey among 465 Dutch patients.Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and communityFamilies of 465 children with neonatal brachial plexus palsy reported ongoing health-care use and information needs, even after discharge. Physical therapists were the most contacted professionals, and 84 had received contradictory information.
• PTOTSLPRNPilot2019Feasibility and Acceptability of a Self-Report Activity Diary in Families of Children With and Without Special Needs.Comprehensive child and adolescent nursingParents and older children with special needs successfully completed activity diaries, but found the format burdensome and unacceptable. Two-thirds of parents suggested changes, such as adding categories for grooming or switching to an online format.
• PTOTRNCohort2019Heart Rate Variability and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Non-Hispanic Black Versus Non-Hispanic White Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes.The Journal of cardiovascular nursingNon-Hispanic Black adolescents with type 1 diabetes had lower heart rate variability and fitness than White peers, linked to poorer glucose control. Female adolescents also showed lower values. These markers suggest higher cardiovascular risk in these groups.
• PTOTOther2019Use of the School Setting During the Summer Holidays: Mixed-Methods Evaluation of Food and Fun Clubs in Wales.The Journal of school healthChildren at summer holiday clubs in schools were more active and ate healthier food than at home. Over half of parents reported food lasted longer and they skipped fewer meals. The school setting and trusted staff helped families engage.
• PTSurvey2020Being obese versus trying to lose weight: Relationship with physical inactivity and soda drinking among high school students.The Journal of school healthAmong US high school students, trying to lose weight was linked to being obese and to physical inactivity, not more activity. Girls trying to lose weight also reported drinking less soda than girls not trying. This is association, not proof.
• PTPilot2020Assessing Motor Function in Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Patients Using Accelerometry.The Journal of neuroscience nursing : journal of the American Association of Neuroscience NursesWaist accelerometers were tolerated in ambulatory children with congenital muscular dystrophy but counted fewer steps than manual counts; low-frequency settings improved capture, yet step counts did not match. Most daily activity was sedentary.
• PTOTRNSystematic Review2020Management of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis in a pediatric population: A scoping review.Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and communityPediatric CFS/ME management evidence centers on graded activity, CBT, and family-inclusive multidisciplinary programmes; milk intolerance may matter in some adolescents. Evidence is patchy, especially under 12, so use individualized plans, not single fixed treatments.
• PTRNSystematic Review2021Interventions that prevent or reduce obesity in children from birth to five years of age: A systematic review.Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and communitySome home, childcare and clinic programmes lowered BMI or improved feeding in children under five, but effects were inconsistent and often faded. The evidence does not show a reliable long-term obesity prevention programme.
• PTOTRNRCT2020Vitamin D Supplementation Improves Health-Related Quality of Life and Physical Performance in Children with Sickle Cell Disease and in Healthy Children.Journal of pediatric health care : official publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & PractitionersTwelve weeks of high-dose vitamin D lowered reported pain, fatigue and depressive symptoms in children with sickle cell disease; healthy children also had less fatigue and better upper-extremity function. No placebo group was included.
• PTCohort2020Physical Activity Opportunities of Low-Income Elementary School-Aged Children During the Segmented School Day.The Journal of school healthChildren in these low-income elementary schools averaged 22.8 minutes (boys) and 20.0 minutes (girls) of moderate-to-vigorous activity daily. Days with multiple scheduled opportunities were associated with 7.1 and 8.0 more minutes than no-opportunity days.
• PTOther2020Impact of Weight Status on the Cardiopulmonary Fitness Outcome of a School-Based Physical Activity Program.The Journal of school healthA school-based physical activity program did not improve fourth-graders' BMI or aerobic fitness compared with control schools. Overweight and obese children improved less in fitness than normal-weight peers, regardless of program.
• PTRNOther2021Older adults' social network and support and its association with physical activity.Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.)Perceived support did not show a clear link with diary exercise minutes, but older adults with knee osteoarthritis and hypertension named many potential helpers. A nurse-led support session increased confidence in 60 of 72.
• PTOTRNQualitative2021Parents' experiences of VOICE: A novel support programme in the NICU.Nursing in critical careParents of extreme premature infants described structured NICU meetings as helping them feel involved in care, understand their baby's cues, and gain confidence as parents. They valued personalized information and emotional support.
• PTOther2021Development of a proxy-reported scale to assess motor function in infants and young children with early-onset neuromuscular disorders.Journal of advanced nursingParents and experts shaped a 43-item scale for parents and guardians to report motor function in infants and young children with early-onset neuromuscular disorders. It is not ready for clinical use, so clinicians should not use it to judge treatment benefit.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2021A Scoping Review: Family and Child Perspectives of Clinic-Based Obesity Treatment.Journal of pediatric nursingFamilies reported that generic advice and inconvenient clinic logistics drove dropout, while specific meal plans, tailored exercise guidance, and support between visits helped them stay engaged. Mothers' perspectives dominated the data, with little input from fathers or children.
• PTRNOther2021Household Physical Activity and Risk for Future Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.Journal of gerontological nursingMore gardening or yardwork was associated with less risk for future falls in older adults. Heavy outdoor work and meal preparation were not. This is an association, not proof gardening prevents falls.
• PTRNQualitative2021Theoretical care model for children with congenital Zika virus syndrome in the family context.Revista latino-americana de enfermagemMothers of children with congenital Zika virus syndrome were the main caregivers, often overloaded by transport, poverty and dependence. Fathers helped sporadically, leaving less time for home stimulation. Physiotherapists and nurses were reported to reinforce home stimulation.
• PTOther2022Burden of disease and lifestyle habits in adolescents and young adults prone to frequent episodic migraine: A secondary comparative analysis.Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and communityYoung adults with frequent episodic migraine had more headache days, severe disability, regular analgesic use and less weekday sleep than adolescents; adolescents reported higher pain intensity. Most lifestyle differences were not significant.
• PTRNQualitative2021Family Management of Severe Obesity in Adolescents.Journal of pediatric nursingFamilies managing adolescent severe obesity described daily conflict over food, time, exercise, stigma, and medication. They wanted specific meal plans, structured exercise support, and accountability from clinic providers.
• PTOTRNOther2021Assessment of Pain and Sleep Symptoms in Children at High Risk for Cerebral Palsy in a Pediatric Neurodevelopmental Clinic: Implications for Future Quality Improvement Interventions.Journal of pediatric nursingPain was documented in 16 of 50 infants at high risk for cerebral palsy, and sleep problems in 19. Children with these symptoms had lower motor scores, so ask about pain and sleep.
• PTRNQualitative2022Young children's experiences of support when fearful during treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia-A longitudinal interview study.Nursing openChildren with leukaemia found parents' closeness, being included in care, and honest, playful, careful staff helpful when scared. Support changed over treatment, so ask each child what helps before procedures.
• PTRNRCT2022Outcome of abdominal massage before gavage feeding on tolerated feeding for low birth weight infants.Nursing openLow birth weight infants given abdominal massage before gavage feeding had lower gastric residual volume, less vomiting and distention, and were sleepier after feeds than controls. Allocation and sample reporting were unclear.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022What are the perspectives of speech pathologists, occupational therapists and physiotherapists on using telehealth videoconferencing for service delivery to children with developmental delays? A systematic review of the literature.The Australian journal of rural healthClinicians described videoconferencing as improving access and fitting family routines, but also feared technology failures, poor training, lost physical touch and weaker rapport. These are views, not evidence that telehealth improves child outcomes.
• PTQualitative2022Cough in adolescent with cystic fibrosis, from nightmare to COVID-19 stigma: A qualitative thematic analysis.Journal of pediatric nursingAdolescents with cystic fibrosis described cough as constant and sleep-disrupting. During COVID-19, cough made them fear being seen as contagious or addicted, and some avoided chest physiotherapy or exercise to prevent coughing in public.
• PTSystematic Review2022Evaluation of Social Impact Within Primary School Health Promotion: A Systematic Review.The Journal of school healthSchool health promotion programs usually reported eating or activity outcomes, not broader social effects. Few tried to capture social impact. Impact claims may rest on short-term behavior results.
• PTRNNarrative Review2022Bone Health Issues in the Pediatric Oncology Patient.Seminars in oncology nursingPediatric cancer treatment can damage growing bones. Monitor bone health before, during and after therapy, teach calcium/vitamin D and weight-bearing activity, and refer for a bone density scan or endocrine evaluation when treatment puts children at risk.
• PTOTSurvey2022Characterization of Home Care Services and care for children with special health care needs.Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S PIn seven Brazilian home-care services, all 18 children with special health needs required psychomotor and social rehabilitation; 13 needed oxygen, 12 gastrostomy, 10 tracheostomy and 9 ventilation. Caregivers were trained verbally, in writing and by demonstration.
• PTOTSLPRNOther2023Shades of care: Understanding the needs of racially and ethnically diverse paediatric patients, their families, and health care providers in North America.Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and communityAcross North American paediatric care, language barriers, poor awareness of interpreter access, and insufficient cultural training left diverse families feeling unheard and providers unsure. Start by asking about language, trust, and practical barriers.
• PTCase-Control2023Association between timing and duration of breech presentation during pregnancy and developmental dysplasia of the hip: A case-control study.Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and communityTerm children whose breech position was recorded from 37.0 weeks to birth had a more than three times higher risk of developmental dysplasia of the hip. Earlier breech alone did not raise risk, and longer breech exposure raised risk further.
• PTRNCohort2022Can Steps per Day Reflect Symptoms in Children and Adolescents Undergoing Cancer Treatment?Cancer nursingLower step counts in children and adolescents undergoing cancer treatment tracked worse fatigue, more symptoms, and poorer physical activity and function. Average steps reduced by 1040 between time points and were lower in hospitalized children.
• PTSLPOther2022Associations Between State Laws Governing Recess Policy with Children's Physical Activity and Health.The Journal of school healthChildren in states with recess policies had higher odds of daily physical activity and making friends in a 2018 snapshot. However, tracking changes over time showed no significant impact of implementing these policies on activity, health, or school attendance.
• PTSystematic Review2022Understanding the Benefits of Brief Classroom-Based Physical Activity Interventions on Primary School-Aged Children's Enjoyment and Subjective Wellbeing: A Systematic Review.The Journal of school healthBrief classroom physical activity breaks had mixed effects. Five of 13 wellbeing studies and five of 8 enjoyment studies were positive, but many found no difference, so do not expect breaks alone to improve children's wellbeing.
• PTOTRNCohort2022Distinct Nausea Profiles Are Associated With Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Oncology Patients Receiving Chemotherapy.Cancer nursingNearly 30% of oncology patients experienced persistent, high-severity nausea for two months despite antiemetics. These patients also reported more vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss. Younger age, lower income, and poorer physical function were linked to this high-risk profile.
• PTOTRNSurvey2022Development of a non-pharmacologic delirium management bundle in paediatric intensive care units.Nursing in critical careExperts agreed on a bundle of non-drug steps for paediatric delirium: daily routine, light adjustment, sleep scheduling, glasses and hearing aids, and parent presence. It is a consensus list, not a tested intervention.
• PTSurvey2022The Impact of Distance Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity and Well-Being of Czech and Polish Adolescents.The Journal of school healthAdolescents reported less physical activity, more sitting, and lower well-being during distance education than before the pandemic. Girls reported lower well-being than boys.