THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 393 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• SLPOther2021Cost-Effectiveness of Neonatal Hearing Screening Programs: A Micro-Simulation Modeling Analysis.Ear and hearingFor Albania, a two-stage screening protocol (OAE then aABR, both in maternity) was the only cost-effective option under 3D GDP thresholds. Adding stages or delaying tests lowered detection rates and increased costs. Clinicians should prioritize early, inpatient screening to maximize uptake.
• OTSLPMeta-Analysis2021Understanding the Effects of Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions: A Project AIM Meta-analysis.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchNaturalistic developmental behavioral interventions improved social communication, language, play, and cognition in children with autism. However, gains were larger when measured in the same context as therapy or on specific skills taught, suggesting some reported benefits may not generalize to daily life.
• PTOTCohort2021Factors predicting discharge after two years for inpatients in the psychiatric long-term care wards who can walk independently.Journal of physical therapy scienceAmong psychiatric inpatients who could walk unaided, only age predicted discharge after two years. Patients still hospitalized were older, had longer stays, and worse two-step and stand-up scores, but physical tests did not independently predict discharge.
• SLPCohort2021Predicting hearing aid use in adults: the Beaver Dam Offspring Study.International journal of audiologyExtra health, cognitive and auditory tests did not improve prediction of hearing aid use over 10 years. In adults with treatable hearing loss, 24.3% reported hearing aid use after 10 years.
• Other2021Autistic traits and individual brain differences: functional network efficiency reflects attentional and social impairments, structural nodal efficiencies index systemising and theory-of-mind skills.Molecular autismIn 30 adults, higher autistic traits and slower attention were linked to more efficient brain-wide functional networks, contradicting the expectation of poorer connectivity. Systemising and perspective-taking skills were linked to specific structural brain regions.
• PTOther2021Relationship between iliopsoas muscle thickness and hip angle during squats in different pelvic positions.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn seven healthy men, squatting with an anterior pelvic tilt linked iliopsoas muscle thickening to hip flexion. Posterior tilt squats showed less hip movement and no such link. This suggests active iliopsoas engagement supports hip-dominant squatting, but evidence is preliminary.
• PTOTSystematic Review2021Distance-limited walk tests post-stroke: A systematic review of measurement properties.NeuroRehabilitationThe 10-metre comfortable walk test is the only measure with strong evidence across all stroke recovery phases. For acute and subacute patients, the 5-metre comfortable test is a reliable alternative. Standardized protocols are highly reliable, but you must match the specific testing conditions to the study supporting them.
• SLPCohort2021Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Speech Intelligibility Deficits Following Threshold Recovery.Ear and hearingAfter sudden hearing loss recovered, word recognition remained worse than expected from the hearing thresholds. Some patients had asymmetric word scores even when thresholds returned to pre-onset levels.
• PTOther2021Changes in muscle strength and endurance of professional cyclists due to PycnoRacerTM.Journal of physical therapy scienceSome knee flexor strength and endurance measures improved in professional cyclists after PycnoRacer use, but extensor measures did not, and no control group means the drink's effect cannot be separated from training.
• PTOther2021Patterns of whole-body muscle activations following vertical perturbations during standing and walking.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationVertical balance perturbations activated thigh muscles early, while horizontal perturbations activated lower-leg muscles first. During walking, downward perturbations activated the opposite-side shoulder muscle early. Visual conflict delayed responses, and eyes closed increased muscle activation duration and magnitude.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2021How have youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder managed quarantine derived from COVID-19 pandemic? An approach to families perspectives.Research in developmental disabilitiesParents reported that children with autism were generally happier and calmer during quarantine, with many showing increased autonomy and participation in family routines. However, some children became more irritable or developed new stereotypies, while families missed external support and struggled with work-life balance.
• PTRCT2021Effects of a robot-aided somatosensory training on proprioception and motor function in stroke survivors.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWrist position sense thresholds lowered over testing days in both stroke survivors and controls. The study did not show the robot training produced a larger change in stroke survivors than in controls. Motor tracing changes were not established.
• SLPOther2021Health characteristics of reproductive-aged autistic women in Ontario: A population-based, cross-sectional study.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic reproductive-aged women had higher rates of chronic disease, mental illness, assault, and pregnancy-risk medications, plus more material deprivation after age adjustment. They also had better primary care continuity.
• SLPCohort2021Binaural Frequency Modulation Detection in School-Age Children, Young Adults, and Older Adults: Effects of Interaural Modulator Phase.Ear and hearingOlder adults and children struggled more than young adults to detect binaural frequency changes, especially in noise. However, noise hurt children's ability to use these cues significantly more than it hurt older adults. This suggests different underlying mechanisms for hearing difficulties in development versus aging.
• Other2021Major motor and gait deficits with sexual dimorphism in a Shank3 mutant mouse model.Molecular autismThis paper describes motor and social deficits in mice with a genetic mutation linked to autism. It does not involve human participants or clinical treatments, so it offers no direct guidance for therapy.
• PTRCT2021Effects of hydrotherapy and land-based exercise on mobility and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized control trial.Journal of physical therapy scienceHydrotherapy and land-based exercise produced similar mobility and quality-of-life outcomes. Both groups improved pain, function, and sit-to-stand time after six weeks. Hydrotherapy also improved walking and stair climbing at six weeks, and some quality-of-life domains at six months.
• SLPCohort2021Cross-level analysis of molecular and neurobehavioral function in a prospective series of patients with germline heterozygous PTEN mutations with and without autism.Molecular autismPTEN mutation status alone did not explain cognitive or behavioral differences in 61 people with PTEN mutations or autism-related macrocephaly. Blood PTEN pathway protein levels were linked to cognition, language, attention, processing speed, and externalizing behavior.
• SLPCohort2021Variations in Hyoid Kinematics Across Liquid Consistencies in Healthy Swallowing.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHRHyoid movement timing, position, and speed do not change across liquid consistencies or thickener types in healthy adults. Clinicians should not attribute variations in these kinematic measures to the texture of the bolus itself.
• SLPQualitative2021Cross-cultural perspectives on the meaning of family quality of life: Comparing Korean immigrant families and Canadian families of children with autism spectrum disorder.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceKorean immigrant parents of children with autism described family quality of life as shared family goals, faith, and feeling accepted by society. Canadian parents described family interactions, support, emotional well-being, individual characteristics, and comparisons to other families.
• SLPOther2021Aphasia and spelling to dictation: Analysis of spelling errors and editing.International journal of language & communication disordersSpelling errors in aphasia often involve missing letters or incorrect compound splitting, not just phonetic mistakes. Editing success correlates with non-word spelling ability, not reading or decoding. Word length and frequency predict spelling difficulty, but not editing success. Individual editing strategies vary widely, suggesting tailored digital aids may be more effective than generic tools.
• PTOTQualitative2021Experiences of secondary health conditions amongst people with spinal cord injury in South Africa: A qualitative study.The South African journal of physiotherapyPeople with spinal cord injury described secondary health conditions such as pain, bowel and bladder problems, pressure sores and spasms as limiting movement, daily care, work and social life. They also reported fear, shame, sadness and some new coping skills.
• SLPOther2020Markedness and implicational relationships in phonological development: A cross-linguistic investigation.International journal of speech-language pathologyIn a longitudinal analysis of six children, phonological rules linking directly comparable sounds held true, but rules linking unrelated units were contradicted or unverifiable. Clinicians should not assume acquiring one complex sound guarantees acquisition of unrelated sounds.
• SLPOther2020A retrospective review of speech-language therapy services provided to adult inpatients at a central-level hospital in Gauteng, South Africa.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsSwallowing disorder was the most common speech-language problem among 2549 adult hospital inpatients who received speech-language therapy, followed by aphasia and dysarthria. 44.68% had more than one speech-language diagnosis, and 39.98% required further treatment after discharge.
• PTOTOther2021Beyond Euler/Cardan analysis: True glenohumeral axial rotation during arm elevation and rotation.Gait & postureTrue shoulder rotation is near zero during arm elevation, but standard calculations show up to 30° of rotation depending on the method used. Clinicians should know that reported rotation values may be mathematical artifacts, not actual physical twisting of the bone.
• SLPCohort2021Longitudinal Changes in Hearing Aid Use and Hearing Aid Management Challenges in Infants.Ear and hearingInfant hearing aid use dropped significantly from 6.6 to 5.3 hours daily over five months, especially in profound loss. Caregivers improved at troubleshooting but still struggled to keep aids in. Self-reported use was much higher than data logging showed.
• PTQualitative2021The Meaning of Sedentary Behavior as Experienced by People in the Transition From Working Life to Retirement: An Empirical Phenomenological Study.Physical therapyRetired older adults described sitting or lying down as sometimes meaningful rest, sometimes involuntary and tied to pain, loneliness or lost routines. Their experience varied with season, health and social support.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Autonomic dysfunction in autism: The roles of anxiety, depression, and stress.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic adults report more autonomic symptoms, such as dizziness and bowel issues, than non-autistic peers. However, this difference disappears once anxiety and stress are accounted for. The symptoms appear driven by co-occurring mental health difficulties rather than autism itself.
• PTCohort2021Preseason functional testing in young basketball players: asymmetries and intercorrelations.Journal of physical therapy scienceYoung male basketball players showed mostly symmetrical leg function, except for the medial triple hop test where the non-dominant leg jumped significantly further. This asymmetry was present in 40.7% to 48.1% of athletes, suggesting this specific test may reveal hidden imbalances.
• SLPRCT2021Effect of boost articulation therapy (BArT) on intelligibility in adults with dysarthria.International journal of language & communication disordersA one-week intensive articulation therapy improved intelligibility on standardized phoneme and sentence tasks, and automatic sequences. However, intelligibility did not significantly improve during spontaneous speech or reading. The study lacked a control group, so these gains might reflect practice effects rather than true treatment benefit.
• OTOther2021Adapting a Person's Home in 3D Using a Mobile App (MapIt): Participatory Design Framework Investigating the App's Acceptability.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesNine OTs and five relatives found a 3D home-scanning app acceptable for remote assessments. It generated room maps in under five minutes, allowing therapists to measure spaces and view environments without a home visit, though scanning required assistance for complex tasks.
• PTCohort2021Changes in physiotherapy students' beliefs and attitudes about low back pain through pre-registration training.Archives of physiotherapyPhysiotherapy students’ unhelpful low back pain belief scores were 26.95 points lower after a biopsychosocial spinal pain module on a 34 to 170 scale, especially beliefs that the back is vulnerable and needs protection.
• PTRCT2021Using a microprocessor knee (C-Leg) with appropriate foot transitioned individuals with dysvascular transfemoral amputations to higher performance levels: a longitudinal randomized clinical trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA C-Leg microprocessor knee plus 1M10 foot and training improved walking speed and reported confidence versus baseline in 10 people with dysvascular or diabetic transfemoral amputation, but several balance and endurance tests did not improve. No direct knee comparison was made.
• PTOTQualitative2021It's not about the capture, it's about what we can learn": a qualitative study of experts' opinions and experiences regarding the use of wearable sensors to measure gait and physical activity.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationResearchers identified wearable sensors as a potential paradigm shift in gait analysis but found no clear clinical utility yet. Data handling requires skills clinicians lack, and device outputs are often untrustworthy 'black boxes'. Multi-disciplinary teams are essential for future progress.
• Other2021Towards standardized reporting of service organization in rehabilitation for clinical trials.Journal of rehabilitation medicineThis paper proposes a methodological approach for developing reporting standards for service organization in rehabilitation trials. It outlines steps for systematic reviews and consensus exercises but reports no patient outcomes or intervention effects, so there are no clinical findings to act on.
• SLPCohort2021The Influence of Forced Social Isolation on the Auditory Ecology and Psychosocial Functions of Listeners With Cochlear Implants During COVID-19 Mitigation Efforts.Ear and hearingDuring social distancing, cochlear implant users listened in quieter settings with better speech understanding and less hearing-related anxiety. However, they reported smaller social networks and greater general loneliness. Clinicians should distinguish between reduced listening strain and increased social isolation.
• PTOTOther2021Relative independence of upper limb position sense and reaching in children with hemiparetic perinatal stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with hemiparetic perinatal stroke varied in upper limb position sense and reaching. Robot tests showed no significant link between the two, so a child can have impaired position sense but normal reaching, or the reverse.
• PTSurvey2021The Spread of COVID-19 Among 15,000 Physical Therapists in Italy: A Cross-Sectional Study.Physical therapyAmong Italian physical therapists who were swab tested, 13.1% had positive results. Working in a health care institution, being moved to another unit, and changing tasks were linked to positive tests. Loss of smell and taste were common symptoms.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Neurodevelopmental profiles of children with unilateral cerebral palsy associated with middle cerebral artery and periventricular venous infarctions.Developmental medicine and child neurologyChildren with unilateral cerebral palsy caused by middle cerebral artery infarction had significantly worse hand function, sensation, and cognition than those with periventricular venous infarction. Therapists should screen for sensory and cognitive barriers in this group before starting upper limb training.
• SLPCohort2021Relationship Between Electrocochleography, Angular Insertion Depth, and Cochlear Implant Speech Perception Outcomes.Ear and hearingCombining intraoperative electrocochleography with insertion depth and array design explained 72% of variance in speech perception scores, compared to 43% for electrocochleography alone. This helps predict outcomes and clarifies how different electrode arrays affect performance.
• SLPOther2021Psychometric properties of a brief self-reported health-related quality of life measure (HRQoL-IDD) for persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDA new 16-item self-report measure captures health-related quality of life for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. It is readable at a second-grade level and most participants completed it independently. The tool assesses social, emotional, and functional well-being alongside healthy decision-making.
• SLPCase-Control2021Differences Between Female Singers With Phonotrauma and Vocally Healthy Matched Controls in Singing and Speaking Voice Use During 1 Week of Ambulatory Monitoring.American journal of speech-language pathologySingers with vocal fold lesions spoke significantly more than healthy singers during a typical week, but did not sing more. This suggests that excessive talking, not just singing, may contribute to voice trauma in this population.
• PTOTRCT2021Feasibility and effectiveness of a novel dynamic arm support in persons with spinal muscular atrophy and duchenne muscular dystrophy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSix people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy or spinal muscular atrophy tried a new arm support. It helped most perform upper limb tasks and reduced fatigue, but results varied greatly, especially for those with severe scoliosis.
• OTQualitative2021'It's been adapted rather than impacted': A qualitative evaluation of the impact of Covid-19 restrictions on the positive behavioural support of people with an intellectual disability and/or autism.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDStaff supporting people with intellectual disability or autism described adapting positive behavioural support during UK lockdown rather than abandoning it. Community activities moved indoors, family contact went online, and many staff reported fewer behaviours that challenge when routines were simplified.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021A Data Driven Approach Reveals That Anomalous Motor System Connectivity is Associated With the Severity of Core Autism Symptoms.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchChildren with autism showed weaker brain connectivity between the right posterior cerebellum and the left inferior parietal lobule. This specific connectivity pattern correlated with more severe social deficits and repetitive behaviors, but showed no significant link to motor imitation or ball-catching scores.
• SLPOther2021Measuring the Subjective Cost of Listening Effort Using a Discounting Task.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHROlder adults were more willing to accept smaller rewards to avoid difficult listening tasks than younger adults. This subjective cost of listening effort was linked to poorer hearing and working memory in older adults, but not in younger adults.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2021Motor Dysfunction in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder: A Rehabilitation Framework for Prodromal Synucleinopathy.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPeople with isolated REM sleep behavior disorder often show subtle motor signs years before a Parkinson's diagnosis. The authors propose a framework for early exercise and rehabilitation, but note there are no trials proving these interventions prevent or slow the disease.
• SLPQualitative2020The use of diet modifications and third-party disability in adult dysphagia: The unforeseen burden of caregivers in an economically developing country.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsCaregivers of adults with dysphagia in South Africa described financial strain, fear, and cultural conflict as major burdens. Family support and state disability grants were key facilitators. Access to thickeners and equipment varied by hospital.
• SLPNarrative Review2020The Duality of Patterning in Language and its Relationship to Reading in Children with Hearing Loss.Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groupsChildren with hearing loss had larger phonological awareness gaps than vocabulary gaps relative to normal hearing peers. By second grade, reading used both phonological and semantic skills. The paper suggests targeting both levels.
• PTOTCohort2021Effect of post-stroke spasticity on voluntary movement of the upper limb.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSpasticity, measured by the threshold at which muscle resistance begins, strongly predicts the quality of voluntary reaching movements in stroke survivors. This effect is distinct from overall motor impairment scores, suggesting that treating spasticity may improve movement quality beyond what general rehabilitation achieves.
• PTRCT2021Effects of kinesio taping on hip abductor muscle strength and electromyography activity in athletes with chronic ankle instability: A randomized controlled trial.Journal of rehabilitation medicineKinesio tape applied to the gluteus medius increased hip abductor strength by 10.27% and reduced muscle effort by 8.39% in athletes with chronic ankle instability. This effect was significantly greater than placebo tape, which showed minimal changes.