THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 382 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTOther2021Ban Bedcentricity: A Multifaceted Innovation to Reduce Sedentary Behavior of Patients During the Hospital Stay.Physical therapyA hospital-wide initiative to reduce bed rest showed mixed results. Patients on two cardiac wards spent less time lying in bed and were more likely to go home. However, orthopedic patients showed no change in bed rest and actually stayed in the hospital longer.
• PTOTOther2021Consistent differences in lumbar spine alignment between low back pain subgroups and genders during clinical and functional activity sitting tests.Musculoskeletal science & practicePeople with low back pain classified into the Rotation-Extension subgroup sit with a more extended lumbar spine than those in the Rotation subgroup. This difference holds true during both clinical tests and functional preferred sitting, regardless of gender.
• PTOTNarrative Review2021An overview of fractional anisotropy as a reliable quantitative measurement for the corticospinal tract (CST) integrity in correlation with a Fugl-Meyer assessment in stroke rehabilitation.Journal of physical therapy scienceFractional anisotropy (FA) from MRI correlates with Fugl-Meyer motor scores in chronic stroke, but the relationship is inconsistent across studies. Ipsilesional FA tracks recovery better than contralesional FA. Use these imaging markers to inform prognosis, not as standalone diagnostic tools.
• PTPilot2021Physical Therapy for Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in Isolation: Feasibility and Pilot Implementation of Telehealth for Delivering Individualized Therapy.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationHospitalized patients isolated with COVID-19 could receive physical therapy by video on their own smart device. In 32 patients who completed a telehealth session, function improved from admission to discharge but stayed below premorbid levels.
• SLPOther2021The Predictive Value of the AQ and the SRS-A in the Diagnosis of ASD in Adults in Clinical Practice.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn adults referred for autism assessment, the AQ predicted the final diagnosis better than the SRS-A. The AQ missed 42% and the SRS-A missed 52% of people later diagnosed with autism, so neither can rule out ASD.
• PTCohort2021A telephone assessment and advice service within an ED physiotherapy clinic: a single-site quality improvement cohort study.Archives of physiotherapyIn a self-selected emergency department physiotherapy cohort, telephone assessment and advice had a median wait time of 6 days versus 35 days. Non-attendance was 10% and 22%, and the study did not show a lower rate. Satisfaction and global improvement did not differ.
• PTOTOther2021Age-associated increase in postural variability relate to greater low-frequency center of pressure oscillations.Gait & postureIn older adults, greater postural variability during a forward lean task was strongly predicted by low-frequency center-of-pressure oscillations. This suggests future rehab strategies could target these specific oscillations to improve balance and reduce fall risk.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Describing community-based rehabilitation services in Indonesia by using The International Classification of Service Organization in Rehabilitation 2.0.Journal of rehabilitation medicineEight community-based rehabilitation services in Indonesia were described using a structured framework. Services relied on unpaid village cadres who collaborated with health professionals, provided free care in homes, and focused on early detection, education, and referral rather than direct clinical treatment.
• PTOTSystematic Review2021Perseverance with technology-facilitated home-based upper limb practice after stroke: a systematic mixed studies review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke survivors described three stages: getting started, staying engaged, and continuing or moving on. Fit, usability, meaningful goals, challenge, support, and shorter sessions were reported to help perseverance. Adherence fell as trials got longer and sessions more frequent.
• PTCohort2021Early brain imaging predictors of post-stroke spasticity.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePatients with first ischaemic stroke who developed spasticity within 3 months more often had early MRI lesions larger than 3 cm3 in motor-network areas. Small cortical lesions were rarely associated with spasticity.
• PTCase Report2021Correction of a double spondylolisthesis of the lumbar spine utilizing Chiropractic BioPhysics® technique: a case report with 1 year follow-up.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn one 57-year-old man with chronic low back and leg pain, a chiropractic program of adjusting, traction, and exercises was reported to reduce measured vertebral slippage and pain at 1 year. A single case cannot show that any treatment works for other patients.
• SLPOther2020Spectral-Temporal Trade-Off in Vocoded Sentence Recognition: Effects of Age, Hearing Thresholds, and Working Memory.Ear and hearingOlder near-normal-hearing adults recognized vocoded sentences worse than younger adults only in the most degraded 4- and 6-channel conditions. Hearing thresholds predicted performance, not working memory. This is not direct evidence for cochlear implant users.
• Meta-Analysis2020Differential mirror neuron system (MNS) activation during action observation with and without social-emotional components in autism: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies.Molecular autismPeople with autism showed different brain activation patterns when watching others act, depending on whether the action had emotional meaning. These differences were also linked to age, but the studies were small and did not test any treatment.
• SLPCohort2020A preliminary study of cerebral blood flow, aging and dementia in people with Down syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRIn adults with Down syndrome, cerebral blood flow drops significantly after age 45 and is lowest in those diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Lower blood flow correlates with worse cognitive scores, suggesting it may be an early marker for dementia.
• SLPOther2020Effect of Cochlear Implantation on Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials and Wideband Acoustic Immittance.Ear and hearingIn ears with cochlear implants, bone-conducted VEMP responses were more often present than air-conducted responses, especially in eye responses, and low-frequency sound absorbance was reduced in ears with absent air-conducted but present bone-conducted responses.
• SLPOther2020Application of Big Data to Support Evidence-Based Public Health Policy Decision-Making for Hearing.Ear and hearingThis is a policy paper proposing big data to guide hearing healthcare decisions. It uses a prototype with 979 participants to show how data might predict hearing aid use or noise risks. It offers no clinical evidence that any treatment works.
• Survey2020Autistic traits, systemising, empathising, and theory of mind in transgender and non-binary adults.Molecular autismTransgender men and non-binary adults assigned female at birth reported more autistic traits and more systemising, and less empathy and mental-state reading, than control females. Transgender women and non-binary adults assigned male at birth did not report more autistic traits.
• SLPPilot2020Simultaneous X-ray Video-Fluoroscopy and Pulsed Ultrasound Velocimetry Analyses of the Pharyngeal Phase of Swallowing of Boluses with Different Rheological Properties.DysphagiaThe study did not detect a difference in bolus speed or clearance-wave speed among fluids matched for viscosity in three healthy adults. Ultrasound velocity profiling measured flow and detected the clearance wave.
• SLPOther2020Recognition of Accented Speech by Cochlear-Implant Listeners: Benefit of Audiovisual Cues.Ear and hearingCochlear-implant users and hearing listeners listening to simulated implant speech improved equally when seeing the speaker's mouth. Visual cues helped both unaccented and accented speech, but the gain was smaller for accented speech once each listener's auditory-only score was considered.
• SLPOther2020Grammatical judgment and production in male participants with idiopathic autism spectrum disorder.Clinical linguistics & phoneticsIn 22 boys with ASD, tense markers, especially irregular past tense, were hardest to judge and produce. Nonverbal IQ scores did not track these grammar skills, so their grammar should be assessed directly.
• SLPCohort2020The Merits of Bilateral Application of Bone-Conduction Devices in Children With Bilateral Conductive Hearing Loss.Ear and hearingChildren with bilateral conductive hearing loss who wear two bone conduction devices can tell if a sound is on the left or right. However, they mostly lateralize rather than truly localize the exact source. Using one device instead of two significantly worsened this ability.
• Systematic Review2020Maternal Dietary Factors and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review of Existing Evidence.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchPrenatal folic acid and vitamin D show the most consistent links to reduced autism risk, but results vary by study type. Folate supplements often show protection, while blood tests do not. Evidence for fish, iron, and other nutrients is too limited or conflicting to guide practice.
• PTOTQualitativeMixed-Methods Approach to Understanding Determinants of Practice Change in Skilled Nursing Facility Rehabilitation: Adapting to and Sustaining Value With Postacute Reform.Journal of geriatric physical therapy (2001)Therapists who sustained high-intensity resistance training worked in patient-centered systems with cohesive teams. Those who failed were hindered by reimbursement pressures, poor team communication, and ageist assumptions that older adults could not tolerate intense exercise.
• PTCohort2021Predictors of Disability Attributed to Symptoms of Increased Interrecti Distance in Women after Childbirth: An Observational Study.Physical therapyIn women with increased abdominal separation after childbirth, disability from its symptoms was mainly linked to lumbopelvic pain, fear of movement, and emotional distress. The actual abdominal gap was not related to disability.
• PTOTSLPRCT2021Guided exercises with or without joint mobilization or no treatment in patients with subacromial pain syndrome: A clinical trial.Journal of rehabilitation medicineGuided exercises improved shoulder function in patients with subacromial pain syndrome. Adding joint mobilization to the exercises provided no extra benefit for function or range of motion, but did reduce pain more quickly in the first six weeks.
• Other2021Activities of daily living with bionic arm improved by combination training and latching filter in prosthesis control comparison.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationTraining prosthetic control algorithms on simultaneous movements improved speed and accuracy compared to single-movement training. Adding a nonlinear smoothing filter reduced errors but slowed performance. Users preferred algorithms that felt easier to use, even when objective task times were similar.
• SLPCohort2021Visual Traces of Language Acquisition in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder During the Second Year of Life.Journal of autism and developmental disordersLooking at a speaker's mouth predicted better expressive language in typically developing toddlers and in autistic toddlers who had already acquired first words. It showed no such link in nonverbal autistic toddlers. This suggests mouth-looking supports word production only after speech has begun.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2021'It's not hands-on therapy, so it's very limited': Telehealth use and views among allied health clinicians during the coronavirus pandemic.Musculoskeletal science & practiceMost clinicians adopted telehealth rapidly but doubted its value. Only 42% thought it was as effective as face-to-face care, and just 25% believed patients valued it equally. Lack of hands-on contact was the main barrier, with most clinicians reporting inadequate training.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2021Effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on the recovery of people with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit: A narrative review.Journal of rehabilitation medicineNMES may slow muscle wasting and help wean ventilated patients, but evidence for building strength is mixed. It is safe for most ICU patients, including those with pacemakers, provided electrodes are placed carefully. Use it alongside active movement, not just as a passive substitute.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2021Effectiveness of Telerehabilitation in Physical Therapy: A Rapid Overview.Physical therapyTelerehabilitation often matches in-person physical therapy for musculoskeletal pain and function, but results are inconsistent across neurological and cardiopulmonary conditions. Many included reviews had high risk of bias, so evidence for superiority is weak. It is a viable alternative when access is limited.
• PTOTPilot2021The Kickstart Walk Assist System for improving balance and walking function in stroke survivors: a feasibility study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke survivors walked faster and bore weight more evenly while wearing a lightweight passive exoskeleton. However, the device did not improve Timed Up and Go scores or walking speed, and participants found it uncomfortable and difficult to put on. This is a short-term feasibility study, not proof of recovery.
• PTOTRCT2021Effect of Virtual Reality Gait Training on Participation in Survivors of Subacute Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Physical therapyVirtual reality gait training did not improve community participation more than standard treadmill training in stroke survivors. Both groups improved, and patients found the virtual reality approach safe and enjoyable, but it offered no statistical advantage over conventional care.
• SLPCase-Control2021Spontaneous productions of infinitive clauses by English-speaking children with and without specific language impairment.Clinical linguistics & phoneticsChildren with developmental language disorder produced fewer true infinitives and made more errors than peers. Subgroup analysis showed children with low nonverbal IQ or other conditions had significantly more difficulty with infinitive TO marking than those with specific language impairment alone.
• SLPMeta-Analysis2021Peripheral Blood S100B Levels in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disordersPeople with autism had higher peripheral blood S100B levels than controls across 10 studies of 822 people, but the link was not seen in plasma samples or in Chinese and Turkish studies.
• PTCohort2021Walking energetics and abductor strength are associated with physical activity in older women with hip osteoarthritis.Gait & postureHigher walking energy use was associated with lower self-reported activity, more sedentary time and less light activity in older women with hip osteoarthritis. Stronger hip abductors were associated with higher reported activity, but not with walking energy use.
• OTRCT2021On the way home: a BCI-FES hand therapy self-managed by sub-acute SCI participants and their caregivers: a usability study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationCaregivers and SCI users learned to run BCI hand therapy after 4 to 5 OT-led sessions, but effectiveness was not shown because participants also had usual therapy and natural recovery. Do not treat this as evidence the device improves hand function.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021How do core autism traits and associated symptoms relate to quality of life? Findings from the Longitudinal European Autism Project.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceDepression symptoms, not core autism traits, were the strongest predictor of reduced quality of life in autistic adults. In children, anxiety and social difficulties also lowered satisfaction. Many autistic individuals reported good quality of life, so screen for subthreshold mental health issues rather than assuming poor well-being based on diagnosis alone.
• OTSurvey2021A brief report of the prevalence of chronic and acute health conditions among blind American adults.Disability and health journalBlind and low-vision U.S. adults self-reported many lifetime health conditions. Men more often reported stroke, migraine, arthritis, and recent hospitalization than women.
• PTSurvey2021Quantifying the Burden of Shoulder and Hip Pain In Water Polo Players Across Different Playing Levels.International journal of sports physical therapyWater polo players reported high shoulder and hip/groin pain: 38.1% had current shoulder pain and 33.1% had current hip/groin pain. Players at national and international levels reported more hip/groin pain than local/regional players. 22.7% had both.
• PTCase Report2021An unusual presentation of acute myocardial infarction in physiotherapy direct access: findings from a case report.Archives of physiotherapyA physiotherapist recognised an acute myocardial infarction in a 46-year-old man whose shoulder pain moved from right to left. The shoulder exam did not reproduce pain, and breathlessness, fatigue, shortness of breath and sweating appeared. He was referred and later returned to work.
• OTRCT2021Explore combined use of transcranial direct current stimulation and cognitive training on executive function after stroke.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAdding real brain stimulation to cognitive training improved executive function and complex daily tasks in stroke patients more than sham stimulation. However, gains in some key cognitive tests did not reach the threshold for clinically meaningful change.
• SLPCohort2020Long-Term Language Development in Children With Early Simultaneous Bilateral Cochlear Implants.Ear and hearingEarly bilateral implants help general language close the gap with hearing peers by year four. But by year six, receptive vocabulary and expressive grammar fall behind again. Monitor these specific skills long-term, even if early progress looks perfect.
• SLPOther2020Facing the real time challenges of the COVID-19 emergency for child neuropsychology service in Milan.Research in developmental disabilitiesCaregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders reported high satisfaction with telehealth assessments during the Milan lockdown. Families appreciated saving travel time and feeling heard, but noted missing empathy compared to in-person visits and connectivity issues.
• SLPCohort2020The Autism Impact Measure (AIM): Examination of Sensitivity to Change.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchThe Autism Impact Measure detects short-term symptom changes in children with autism. Scores improved in domains targeted by specific treatments, such as social skills, while repetitive behaviors showed general improvement. It offers a practical parent-report tool for tracking progress over weeks.
• SLPOther2020Effects of Spectral Resolution and Frequency Mismatch on Speech Understanding and Spatial Release From Masking in Simulated Bilateral Cochlear Implants.Ear and hearingSimulating bilateral cochlear implants in normal-hearing listeners showed that spatial release from masking dropped sharply when the two ears had mismatched frequency maps. Mismatch within a single ear hurt overall speech understanding but did not reduce the spatial benefit. Matching frequencies across both ears is critical for hearing in noise.
• SLPCohort2020Drooling in Parkinson's Disease: Prevalence and Progression from the Non-motor International Longitudinal Study.DysphagiaDrooling prevalence was similar at 37.2% and 40.1% over 3.27 ± 1.74 years in 728 Parkinson's patients, and severity did not change. Older patients had more drooling, and drooling was linked with swallowing difficulty.
• SLPCohort2020Influence of Inhalation Injury on Incidence, Clinical Profile and Recovery Pattern of Dysphagia Following Burn Injury.DysphagiaIn 38 burn patients with confirmed inhalation injury, 34 had swallowing problems and 78.9% were severe at first assessment. Most recovered by discharge, but reported mean time to start oral intake was 24.69 days and to resolve dysphagia 29.79 days.
• SLPOther2020Swallow Safety in Infant Pigs With and Without Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Lesion.DysphagiaIn infant pigs, recurrent laryngeal nerve lesion increased penetration without clearance in the younger pigs, but aspiration rates were similar across groups. By the older age, lesioned pigs resembled controls. This is animal data, not human feeding evidence.
• SLPCohort2021Developmental Paths to Anxiety in an Autism-Enriched Infant Cohort: The Role of Temperamental Reactivity and Regulation.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn infants with older siblings with ASD, more fearful and shy behaviour at 24 months was linked to more anxiety traits at 36 months. Better self-regulation at 15 months was linked to less fearful behaviour at 24 months. This is a link, not tested cause.
• PTOTSLPCase-Control2021Differences in Body Mass Index (BMI) in Early Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder Compared to Youth with Typical Development.Journal of autism and developmental disordersEarly adolescents with autism had higher body mass index percentiles than typically developing peers, driven mainly by males. This difference persisted after excluding participants on weight-gain medications, suggesting autism itself, rather than medication side effects, is associated with increased weight in this age group.