THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 335 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• SLPOther2020Early-Literacy Intervention Conducted by Caregivers of Children with Language Impairment: Implementation Patterns Using Survival Analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disordersOnly 70 of 128 caregivers completed the 15-week home reading program. Most dropouts happened at the start; among reward, feedback, modeling, and encouragement, reward was associated with staying.
• SLPCohort2020Gesture Development, Caregiver Responsiveness, and Language and Diagnostic Outcomes in Infants at High and Low Risk for Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAt 12 months, high-risk infants without autism gestured more than those later diagnosed with autism. At 18 months, low-risk infants gestured more than both high-risk groups. Higher 12-month gesture use predicted better receptive language and lower chance of autism diagnosis. Caregiver response rates were similar.
• SLPSystematic Review2020Systematic Review: Distribution of Age and Intervention Modalities in Therapeutic Clinical Trials for Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdults with autism were far less likely than children to be in therapeutic trials: 184 of 218 studies had mean ages under 18, and 92% of participants were under 18. Adult trials more often tested medication than behavior.
• SLPCohort2020Incremental Utility of 24-Month Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening After Negative 18-Month Screening.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAfter a negative 18-month autism screen, 0.4% of toddlers who were rescreened at 24 months screened positive, and 10 were diagnosed with autism; 80% of those evaluated had a developmental condition that warranted intervention.
• SLPMeta-Analysis2020The Effects of Early Intervention on Social Communication Outcomes for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disordersEarly interventions for children with autism under 8 improved social communication compared with control groups. Gains were smaller when measured with unfamiliar partners, settings, or materials.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Functional Outcome Trajectories Following Inpatient Rehabilitation for TBI in the United States: A NIDILRR TBIMS and CDC Interagency Collaboration.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationOn average, survivors of complicated mild to severe TBI improved between 1 and 2 years after injury, then declined by 5 years, though many kept improvements. Age, insurance, discharge function and rehabilitation stay shaped different long-term disability and supervision paths.
• SLPOther2020Decisional Capacity for Informed Consent in Males and Females with Fragile X Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMany adolescents and adults with fragile X syndrome understood concrete trial details but struggled with placebo, randomization and research versus treatment. Females scored higher than males, and repetition or multiple-choice prompts helped some answer correctly.
• OTSLPSurvey2020Elopement Patterns and Caregiver Strategies.Journal of autism and developmental disorders96% of respondents had used elopement prevention strategies, and 94% found at least one good or very good, but 68% rated overall burden high or very high. Parent-reported medication effects for elopement were poor on average and had frequent side effects.
• OTCohort2020Use of Vocational Rehabilitation Supports for Postsecondary Education Among Transition-Age Youth on the Autism Spectrum.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutistic transition-age youth who received VR-funded postsecondary training were more likely to leave vocational rehabilitation with employment. Only 18.3% received such training. This is an association, not proof the training caused employment.
• OTRCT2020Effects of Dog Assisted Therapy for Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of autism and developmental disordersDog-assisted therapy lowered stress and family or friends reported easier social communication, but self-reported symptoms and self-esteem did not improve more than in the control group. The trial was small.
• OTSurvey2020Needs of Grandparents of Preschool-Aged Children with ASD in Sweden.Journal of autism and developmental disordersGrandparents of preschool children with autism in Sweden most needed information on helping the grandchild develop skills and manage behaviour. They also wanted guidance on communicating with teachers and accessing family counselling. Needs did not vary by age, gender, education, health, distance or contact.
• OTCohort2020Parenting styles as a predictor of long-term psychosocial outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in early childhood.Disability and rehabilitationYears after early severe brain injury, children had worse behaviour, social skills, and everyday planning and self-control than children with bone injuries. Later parenting mattered: permissive parenting linked to worse outcomes, authoritative to better social and planning skills.
• PTOther2019Correlation Between Neurologic Impairment Grade and Ambulation Status in the Adult Spina Bifida Population.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationIn 409 adults with spina bifida, more severe motor impairment went with less ability to walk. The Broughton motor scale matched walking category most closely, but the simpler NSBPR scale was nearly as close; the ISNCSCI motor level was less closely linked.
• OTPilot2019Feasibility Study of Problem-Solving Training for Care Partners of Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury, Spinal Cord Injury, Burn Injury, or Stroke During the Inpatient Hospital Stay.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationCare partners who completed problem-solving training during acute hospital stay reported high satisfaction and confidence after 2.6 sessions, but only 12 of 39 consented and few used app boosters.
• PTOther2019Differences in Measures of Strength and Dynamic Balance Among Individuals With Lower-Limb Loss Classified as Functional Level K3 Versus K4.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationK4 adults with transfemoral loss were faster than K3 on strength, complex walking, and balance tests. For transtibial loss, only the Four Square Step Test differed. Turning toward prosthesis did not differ from turning toward sound limb.
• OTSLPCohort2019Mortality in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: Predictors over a 20-year period.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn adults and adolescents with autism, poorer health, lower daily living independence, and greater early social reciprocity impairment predicted higher mortality risk over 20 years. Deaths were premature, but this is an association, not proof treatment changes survival.
• OTSLPCohort2019Traumatic Microbleeds in the Hippocampus and Corpus Callosum Predict Duration of Posttraumatic Amnesia.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationCorpus callosum microbleeds correlated with post-traumatic amnesia duration, while hippocampal microbleeds only trended. A model using microbleeds, GCS, and age did not account for all variation, so this is not yet a clinical predictor.
• OTSLPOther2019Rey Tangled Line Test: A measure of processing speed in TBI.Rehabilitation psychologyIn 100 people with TBI, Rey Tangled Line Test time related to processing speed and motor scores, not accuracy. Test scores did not differ by injury severity.
• OTQualitative2019'People should be allowed to do what they like': Autistic adults' views and experiences of stimming.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic adults described stimming as mostly calming and helpful for regulating feelings, not something they wanted stopped. They said suppression made them feel on edge; acceptance, understanding, and reducing sensory overload mattered more than reducing non-harmful stims.
• PTOTPilot2019Immersive Virtual Reality Mirror Therapy for Upper Limb Recovery After Stroke: A Pilot Study.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationTen chronic stroke survivors tolerated immersive virtual reality mirror therapy without adverse events or significant cybersickness. Motor scores improved slightly but not significantly. The study confirms safety and feasibility but does not show the treatment works.
• PTOTCohort2019Does pre-existing cognitive impairment impact on amount of stroke rehabilitation received? An observational cohort study.Clinical rehabilitationStroke inpatients with documented pre-existing cognitive impairment received fewer physiotherapy and occupational therapy sessions: 16 fewer on average, but 9 fewer after accounting for age, sex, stroke severity and pre-stroke disability.
• PTCohort2019Racial Differences in Discharge Location After a Traumatic Brain Injury Among Older Adults.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationBlack patients were more likely than white patients to be discharged to inpatient rehabilitation rather than home without services after accounting for age, sex, insurance, comorbidities, and injury severity. Without that accounting, the race difference was not significant.
• PTMeta-Analysis2019Exposure to a Motor Vehicle Collision and the Risk of Future Neck Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationPeople who injured their neck in a motor vehicle collision had 2.3 times the later neck pain risk of comparison groups. Collisions without reported neck injury, or with unknown injury status, showed no increased risk.
• PTQualitative2019Accessibility of Medical Diagnostic Equipment for Patients With Disability: Observations From Physicians.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationPhysicians said exam tables, scales, and lifts were often inaccessible, so they examined patients in wheelchairs and relied on self-reported weights. Cost, space, and poor reimbursement were barriers, even when some practices had accessible tables.
• Cohort2020Brain Amygdala Volume Increases in Veterans and Active-Duty Military Personnel With Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationVeterans and active-duty personnel with both mild traumatic brain injury and PTSD had amygdala volumes 6% larger than those with brain injury alone, but only after adjusting for head size. Without this adjustment, no difference was found.
• OTSLPOther2020Clinical Validation of the Autism Behavior Inventory: Caregiver-Rated Assessment of Core and Associated Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCaregiver ratings on the Autism Behavior Inventory were stable over 3 to 5 days and matched other parent-reported autism, anxiety, behavior and burden measures. Short-term changes tracked reported improvement, but no treatment effect was tested.
• SLPRCT2020A Virtual Resiliency Intervention for Parents of Children with Autism: A Randomized Pilot Trial.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn parents of children with autism, a virtual resiliency program did not clearly reduce distress, but improved coping and resiliency compared with parents waiting. This was only a pilot.
• OTCohort2020Brief Report: Behavior Disorders and Social Skills in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Does IQ Matter?Journal of autism and developmental disordersMothers and teachers found no clear difference between adolescents with autism and intellectual disability and those with autism and higher IQ in behavior problems, social skills, or parent well-being.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2020Growing up with Fragile X Syndrome: Concerns and Care Needs of Young Adult Patients and Their Parents.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents and young adults with Fragile X described a care system that fails them. They reported anxiety, hidden disabilities in women, and parents doing all the administrative work. Clinicians should screen for these specific gaps rather than assuming adult care is adequate.
• Cohort2020Elevated Tau in Military Personnel Relates to Chronic Symptoms Following Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationBlood tau, amyloid-beta and neurofilament light did not differ significantly between military personnel and Veterans with and without TBI history. In those with TBI, tau was linked to worse post-concussive and depression scores and NFL to hyperarousal. This is an association, not proof of cause.
• SLPOther2020The Role of Emotion Regulation on Co-occurring Psychopathology in Emerging Adults with ASD.Journal of autism and developmental disordersYoung adults with ASD who had anxiety or depression reported more involuntary emotion regulation and less voluntary emotion regulation than those without. Caregiver reports did not show the same pattern. This was a small baseline study, not a treatment test.
• SLPOther2020Understanding Social Communication Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder and First-Degree Relatives: A Study of Looking and Speaking.Journal of autism and developmental disordersNarrative quality was similar to controls in a structured picture-book task but lower in both individuals with ASD and their parents during an unstructured, emotionally ambiguous storytelling task. Gaze differences were subtle and inconsistent.
• Survey2020Training and Practice Patterns in Cancer Rehabilitation: A Survey of Physiatrists Specializing in Oncology Care.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationMost surveyed cancer rehabilitation physiatrists said fellowship training is needed, but only 35% prescribe opioids for cancer patients, and 68% say oncology teams refer more readily when rehab is onsite.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Changing Healthcare and School Needs in the First Year After Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationUnmet or unrecognized health care needs were 22% at 3 months, with 13% unrecognized and 7% unmet at 12 months. Needs shifted from physical to cognitive and socioemotional, and combined health care or school need was 28% at 3 months and 24% at 12 months.
• SLPOther2019Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder: Another name for the Broad Autism Phenotype?Autism : the international journal of research and practiceSocial communication problems and repetitive behaviours moved together across autism, language impairment, and unaffected family groups. Only one unaffected sibling had impaired social communication and no impaired repetitive behaviours. The social communication diagnosis was hard to separate.
• PTCohort2019Preventive care services and health behaviors in children with fragile X syndrome.Disability and health journalMost children and young adults with fragile X syndrome had immunizations and dental care, but only 24.4% met the physical activity measure and 55.4% had recent flu vaccination. Young adults 16 to 20 and non-Hispanic Black participants were less likely to meet some recommendations.
• SLPOther2019Assessment of racial and ethnic bias in autism spectrum disorder prevalence estimates from a US surveillance system.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceReported autism prevalence gaps between white and black or Hispanic children were not explained by missing residency or race data. Black and Hispanic children were more often left as suspected cases when only school records were available.
• PTOTSLPRCT2019Stroke patients' and non-professional coaches' experiences with home-based constraint-induced movement therapy: a qualitative study.Clinical rehabilitationChronic stroke patients and their family coaches described home-based constraint-induced movement therapy as hard to fit into daily life due to time and fatigue. While some valued the shared effort, others found the coaching stressful. Patients often struggled with the immobilizing glove and had unmet expectations for rapid recovery.
• SLPSystematic Review2019Assuming ability of youth with autism: Synthesis of methods capturing the first-person perspectives of children and youth with disabilities.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceFirst-person studies mostly used in-person open-ended interviews, and minimally verbal participants were underrepresented. Image-based tools such as Talking Mats and Photovoice, familiar settings and tailored questions were identified as possible ways to capture youth voices, but the review did not test whether these methods work.
• SLPPilot2019Developing an Online Tool to Measure Social Network Structure and Perceived Social Support Amongst Autistic Students in Higher Education: A Feasibility Study.Journal of autism and developmental disordersTen autistic students could complete a tool that maps their social contacts and support. They reported family support as more frequent and higher quality than friends or others. The tool matched less well with an existing support measure for autistic students.
• PTOTSLPPilot2019A short bout of high-intensity exercise alters ipsilesional motor cortical excitability post-stroke.Topics in stroke rehabilitationFive minutes of fast treadmill walking increased brain excitability in the damaged hemisphere in stroke survivors. This short priming bout may prepare the brain for therapy, but the study did not show that it improves actual movement or function.
• PTMeta-Analysis2019Efficacy and potential determinants of exercise therapy in knee and hip osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicineExercise therapy for knee or hip osteoarthritis gave moderate pain, function and physical performance gains at 8 weeks, and a small quality of life gain. Effects peaked around 2 months and faded by 9 to 18 months in some outcomes.
• PTOther2019Assessing the concurrent validity of a gait analysis system integrated into a smart walker in older adults with gait impairments.Clinical rehabilitationIn older adults who use walkers, a smart walker’s built-in gait analysis matched a walkway for stride, swing and stance times, but did not agree closely enough for absolute stride length or gait speed.
• Survey2019Leadership profiles associated with the implementation of behavioral health evidence-based practices for autism spectrum disorder in schools.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceSchools whose principals were rated high on inspiring staff and giving clear rewards had stronger staff reports that evidence-based autism practices were expected, supported, and rewarded.
• OTSLPSystematic Review2019The Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Interventions on the Employment and Functioning of People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review.Journal of occupational rehabilitationSupported work and education with work experience were linked to employment in the open labor market. Sheltered work did not increase employment.
• OTRCT2019Work Motivation and Employment Outcomes in People with Severe Mental Illness.Journal of occupational rehabilitationBaseline work motivation was not associated with getting a competitive job, how long it lasted, or how quickly it was found in 151 adults with severe mental illness who wanted work. Motivation scores were narrowly spread.
• OTSLPNarrative Review2019Making healthcare decisions in a person's best interests when they lack capacity: clinical guidance based on a review of evidence.Clinical rehabilitationIn England and Wales, guidance says healthcare teams should build a long-term best-interests policy for adults lacking capacity, not treat each decision as a separate meeting.
• Other2019Validity of sitting time scores from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form in multiple sclerosis.Rehabilitation psychologyThe IPAQ-SF sitting question tracks device-measured sedentary time in multiple sclerosis. Moderate correlations held across volume and pattern metrics, independent of physical activity levels. Use it to estimate sitting time in this population, but note the sample had mostly mild disability.
• SLPCohort2019Development and validation of a screening tool for feeding/swallowing difficulties and undernutrition in children with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyA four-question parent questionnaire identified 48% of children with cerebral palsy at risk for feeding issues or undernutrition. It caught all severe cases. Use these questions to decide who needs a full speech pathology or dietetic assessment.
• PTOTOther2020A Model-Based Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of an Exercise Program for Lung Cancer Survivors After Curative-Intent Treatment.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationIn a simulation, an exercise program cost $79,504 per added year of good health versus usual care. When patient time and travel were counted, it cost $179,774, above a $100,000 threshold.