THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 609 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• OTRCT2025Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation influences cognitive-motor dual-task performance in children with cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation3 days of active brain stimulation improved children's dual-task scores for counting and block transferring compared with sham. It also lowered hand-task interference within the active group, but not more than sham.
• PTOther2025Diagnostic Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in the Evaluation of the Triceps Tendon.International journal of sports physical therapyThis paper describes how to scan the triceps tendon with ultrasound. It does not report patient outcomes or test diagnostic accuracy, so there is no evidence here to guide treatment decisions.
• SLPCohort2025Word Learning in Children With Developmental Language Disorder: The Use of Retrieval Practice During Shared Book Reading.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHRSpaced retrieval during shared book reading helped children with and without DLD learn new words better than passive reading. Recall of word forms and meanings improved, but recognition scores did not differ between methods. The benefit held one week later.
• PTCohort2025Early gross motor development: Agreement between the AIMS and the BSID-III.The South African journal of physiotherapyAt 6 months, the AIMS agreed with BSID-III gross motor scores when performance was low, but it caught only 27.3% of infants who later scored below average. A higher cut-off helped, yet positive screens still need follow-up.
• SLPOther2025Comprehensive Measurements and Analyses of Ear Canal Geometry From Late Infancy Through Late Adulthood: Age-Related Variations and Implications for Basic Science and Audiological Measurements.Trends in hearingEar canal geometry stabilizes by age 10 to 15, but varies widely between people. Current hearing tests assume a uniform canal size, which distorts results in children and adults. Clinicians should suspect anatomical variation when audiometry or ear surgery planning seems inconsistent.
• Narrative Review2025Opportunities and challenges for deep brain stimulation electrode-guided neurofeedback for symptom mitigation in neurological and psychiatric disorders.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNo original study result is reported here. This narrative review discusses possible uses of DBS electrode-guided neurofeedback, not a tested therapy to change PT, OT, or SLP practice.
• Other2025Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation enhances structural and functional remodeling in sensorimotor networks following intracerebral hemorrhage in rats.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn rats with basal ganglia hemorrhage, vagus nerve stimulation through the ear plus passive treadmill training improved neurological scores and brain remodeling markers. It is animal evidence, not proof it works in patients.
• OTCohort2025Identifying Daily Living Skills From Childhood and Adolescence Predictive of Adult Outcomes in a Longitudinal Study of Autism and Related Developmental Conditions.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchCommunity daily living skills stayed low through adolescence regardless of IQ. Some personal hygiene and community skills predicted adult employment and well-being, but no skills predicted friendships or independent living.
• OTCohort2025Does telehealth delivery of an occupational therapy home visiting service provide a non-inferior alternative to in-person delivery of the same service? A matched cohort study.Australian occupational therapy journalTelehealth home visits took a median of 40 minutes compared to 160 minutes for in-person visits, with no significant difference in adverse events. However, telehealth patients attended fewer sessions and received fewer interventions. Use video rather than phone, and expect complex cases to need in-person care.
• SLPCohort2025Mapping autism in Egypt: population-based insights into prevalence, risk determinants, and severity among children aged 1-12 years.Molecular autismThis national survey of Egyptian children found an autism prevalence of 1.1%. Boys were four times more likely to be diagnosed than girls. Key risk factors included neonatal complications like convulsions and low birth weight, as well as urban residency and lower parental education.
• PTOTSystematic Review2025Mapping of ultrasonography methods and shoulder soft-tissue injury locations in patients with stroke: a scoping review.Journal of rehabilitation medicineUltrasonography is rarely used to map shoulder soft-tissue injuries after stroke. When it is, clinicians consistently use a linear probe at 5–7 MHz with the patient sitting. The most common findings are biceps tendon effusion and supraspinatus tears.
• PTQualitative2025Student and educator perspectives on clinical reasoning: A qualitative study.The South African journal of physiotherapyPhysiotherapy students focused on justifying their actions, while educators prioritised hypothesis generation. This mismatch suggests teaching and assessment need to explicitly bridge novice and expert reasoning styles rather than assuming a shared understanding of clinical reasoning.
• PTOTCase Report2025Case Report: Rehabilitation assessment and exercise using cardiopulmonary exercise test after coronavirus-disease pneumonia.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesTwo men with persistent respiratory distress after severe COVID-19 improved their exercise tolerance and oxygen needs after rehabilitation guided by cardiopulmonary exercise testing. They completed a multi-component programme including respiratory training and prone positioning, so the specific contribution of the testing protocol cannot be isolated.
• Qualitative2025Navigating Child Oral Health in Western Australia: A Caregiver's Perspective.Child: care, health and developmentCaregivers of children under five were confused about which foods and drinks damage teeth, particularly milk and yoghurt pouches. Many did not floss or brush twice daily, often due to time or conflict avoidance. Dental visits were rare, driven by cost, fear, and a belief that baby teeth do not matter.
• Narrative Review2025Challenges in Providing Parenting Support for Parents With Intellectual Disabilities in Japan.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDThis paper reviews the historical and current barriers facing parents with intellectual disabilities in Japan, highlighting discriminatory laws and a lack of support services. It offers no clinical evidence or tested interventions, so it does not change therapeutic practice.
• OTPilot2025Application and adaptation of the Virtual Eggs Test for assessing hand dexterity in subjects with stroke: a pilot study.Archives of physiotherapyNine stroke survivors completed the hand dexterity test with their affected arm. It was feasible and mostly comfortable, but timing was unreliable and the most fragile test objects were hard to detect as broken.
• PTCase-Control2025Comparing the Dominant and Non-Dominant Leg Strength of Division I Collegiate Female Cutting Athletes to Jumping Athletes: A Pilot Study.International journal of sports physical therapyCutting athletes had a stronger non-dominant quadriceps, while jumping athletes showed no clear side difference. Jumping athletes were more often dominant-leg stronger, but the result was very uncertain.
• PTOther2025The Clinical Utility of Thigh Circumferential Measurement in Association with Quadriceps Limb Symmetry.International journal of sports physical therapyAfter knee ligament surgery, side-to-side thigh circumference difference and quadriceps limb symmetry moved together, but not strongly. Thigh bulk includes tissues other than quadriceps muscle.
• OTSLPOther2025Consensus on high-priority outcomes to be used in the evaluation of services for autistic adults: Results from a "CBPR-Nested Delphi Process".Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic adults, service providers, and researchers agreed on 15 self-reported outcomes for evaluating adult autism services. They also found most existing questionnaires were too hard, too vague, or unable to capture access to communication.
• PTSystematic Review2025Dual Task Training Interventions and Mobility-Based Outcomes in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Scoping Review.Physical & occupational therapy in pediatricsDual task training may improve balance, walking, gross motor function and functional mobility in children with cerebral palsy. Six studies cannot show which dose works, and no study measured performance change when tasks are done together.
• OTQualitative2025Using Grief for Good: The Transformative Effect of Participatory Action Research for Parents With Intellectual Disability Who Have Experienced Child Removal.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDParents with intellectual disability who lost custody described the group process as a rare non-judgmental space to share grief. This shared experience helped them turn personal loss into collective advocacy, though the study reports their subjective experience rather than measured clinical outcomes.
• PTOTOther2025Validation of a Novel device for Assessing Neck Muscle Strength.Archives of physiotherapyThe NOD handheld dynamometer matches the standard Multi-Cervical Unit for measuring neck extension strength. It is less accurate for neck flexion, where the device tends to underestimate force compared to the fixed unit.
• OTOther2025Grab Bar Grasp Location During Bathtub Exit and Sit-to-Stand Transfers: Biomechanical Evaluation.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesGrasp height varied with bar angle and was related to body height. During a simulated balance disturbance, younger adults grasped lower on the vertical bar than during normal exit. No age difference was observed.
• PTRCT2025Internet-Based Telerehabilitation Versus in-Person Therapeutic Exercises in Young Adult Females With Chronic Neck Pain and Forward Head Posture: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesInternet-based telerehabilitation was as effective as in-person therapy for young women with chronic neck pain and forward head posture. Both groups improved similarly in pain, posture, and range of motion over 6 weeks. Remote supervision is a valid alternative to clinic visits for this population.
• SLPOther2025Investigating the Impact of Embedded Learning Opportunities on the Engagement of Children With Autism and Intellectual Disability.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDEmbedding brief prompts and praise into preschool play increased engagement in four children with autism and intellectual disability, with gains maintained eight weeks later and generalising to mealtimes or small groups. The small, single-setting sample means this is a promising classroom strategy, not proven treatment.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2025Cultural safety and First Nations health content within tertiary education for undergraduate health-care students: A scoping review.Australian occupational therapy journalFirst Nations health content is widely included in undergraduate health degrees but delivered inconsistently. Assessment focuses on student knowledge and attitudes rather than demonstrated cultural safety in practice, leaving a gap between what graduates learn and how they work.
• OTQualitative2025'That connection with community… it is just a positive thing': Mentoring autistic adolescents participating in community coding programmes.Australian occupational therapy journalMentors and facilitators described coding clubs as a social process where they gained confidence, skills and community. They reported personal satisfaction and better mental health, but also stress from unclear roles. They asked for more training and clearer expectations to support autistic adolescents effectively.
• SLPOther2025Hard of hearing learners in a school for the deaf: A case study in the Eastern Cape province.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsEight hard-of-hearing learners in a deaf school described feeling comfortable and accepted. They relied on sign language and speech-reading. They struggled when teachers were not fluent in sign language. Their hearing aids were lost or broken. This describes their experience; it does not prove the school is better.
• PTOTSLPPilot2025Safety and efficacy of belt-type electrical stimulation for preventing disuse syndrome in elderly hemodialysis patients: a pilot study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesBelt-type electrical stimulation during dialysis was safe for frail elderly patients, with no injuries or medication changes. Five of eight completers showed improved mobility scores and increased thigh muscle mass on CT scans, though these are preliminary findings from a small pilot.
• PTOTCohort2025Association between changes in body composition and weight at admission and discharge from convalescent rehabilitation wards.Journal of physical therapy scienceWeight changes in rehab patients tracked with different body composition shifts by sex. Men who gained or lost weight showed significant changes in body fat mass. Women showed significant changes in skeletal muscle index. This suggests monitoring fat in men and muscle in women.
• PTNarrative Review2025Current state of evidence-based practice in clinical physiotherapy.The South African journal of physiotherapyNo original study results are reported.
• SLPCase-Control2025A Prospective, Multicentre Case-Control Trial Examining Factors That Explain Variable Clinical Performance in Post Lingual Adult CI Recipients.Trends in hearingPoorer speech recognition in adults with cochlear implants was linked to underfitted T-levels, higher electrical thresholds, slower nerve recovery, and greater nerve response offset. Scalar translocation and cognitive measures also mattered.
• PTOTCohort2025A longitudinal study of frailty reversibility through a multi-component dementia prevention program.Journal of physical therapy scienceProcessing speed improved significantly in older adults with prefrailty or frailty after a 3-month community program. No cognitive changes occurred in the robust group. Muscle mass decreased in the prefrailty group, while body fat increased in both groups.
• SLPCohort2025Positive Autism Screening in Children Born Preterm.Journal of autism and developmental disorders41 of 337 very preterm children screened positive for autism at 18 to 30 months. Earlier gestational age was linked to positive screens. Positive-screen children who were language tested all scored low, but 37 negative-screen children also scored low.
• OTCase Report2025Sensory integration combined with interoceptive interventions for functional urinary incontinence in children: a case report.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA child with daytime urinary urgency and leakage had those symptoms resolve after 8 weeks of sensory integration and interoceptive training while continuing nightly desmopressin. Bedwetting decreased but persisted. This cannot separate the components or show the treatment works.
• PTPilot2025A new test protocol and device for measuring the cranio-cervical flexion test in participants with bruxism.Archives of physiotherapyIn ten people, the new NOD device showed no significant difference in neck muscle activity between those with and without bruxism during the craniocervical flexion test. Both groups increased superficial muscle activity as the test became harder. The device is feasible for lab use but not proven for clinical decisions.
• PTOTSLPOther2025Estimates of the global workforce required for providing assistive technology: a modeling study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA modeling study estimates that meeting global assistive technology needs requires 4.4 million full-time equivalent workers. This calculation assumes every country achieves the high access levels and workforce productivity currently seen in Sweden. Actual requirements will vary significantly based on local resources and service organization.
• SLPSystematic Review2025Understanding the Perspectives of School Children Who Stutter: A Rapid Review.International journal of language & communication disordersMost research on children who stutter uses verbal interviews and written questions, often failing to offer choice in how children express themselves. Few studies capture the child's unique perspective on their speech, highlighting a need for multimodal tools like drawing and photography.
• PTOTCase Report2025Case Report: Design of a University of the District of Columbia (UDC) intrepid dynamic exoskeletal orthosis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA 3D-printed prototype brace restricted left ankle motion by 11 degrees in one healthy person. Walking speed did not change. The design process was faster and cheaper than standard methods, but clinical effectiveness is unproven.
• PTOTQualitative2025The use of robotic upper limb therapy in routine clinical practice for stroke survivors: Insights from Australian therapists.Australian occupational therapy journalNine therapists accepted robot arm therapy as extra practice for stroke survivors with dense arm weakness, but occupational therapists used it less because the device sat in the physiotherapy gym.
• PTOther2025Changes in trunk displacement and ground reaction force during right-left hand-behind-back movement.Journal of physical therapy scienceWhen reaching a hand behind the back, the trunk shifts forward and the same-side leg takes more load. These changes happen on both sides, with no right-left difference, suggesting the movement mechanics are symmetrical in healthy young men.
• OTOther2025Understanding Occupational Therapists' Job Satisfaction Through an Ecological Lens-A Qualitative Scoping Review.Occupational therapy internationalOccupational therapists described job satisfaction as meaningful, client-centered work, but also reported barriers such as limited recognition, administrative tasks, and inadequate support. The themes may guide service discussions, not prove interventions.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2025A survey of urinary incontinence and health literacy among female rehabilitation professional therapists.Journal of physical therapy scienceNearly half of the 73 female rehabilitation therapists surveyed reported urinary incontinence. Symptoms were linked to childbirth and work tasks like lifting, not low health literacy. Therapists should screen colleagues and advocate for better restroom access.
• SLPQualitative2025Communicative Participation in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Concept Elicitation Study.International journal of language & communication disordersAdolescents and young adults with communication disorders identified school, work, and social interactions as the most difficult participation areas. Key barriers included the communication partner's willingness to adapt, time pressure, noisy environments, and fatigue.
• SLPPilot2025Virtual Acceptance and Commitment Training to Promote Wellbeing of Staff Supporting Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: A Feasibility Study.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDStaff found this virtual Acceptance and Commitment Training workshop acceptable and supportive. Distress scores improved overall, but when split by role, managers improved while direct support professionals showed no significant change. This feasibility study cannot confirm the training works for either group.
• PTOTRCT2025Effects of dual task training on attention and executive functioning in hemodialysis patients: a preliminary study.Journal of physical therapy scienceDual-task training during aerobic exercise improved speed on a divided-attention test in hemodialysis patients compared with usual dialysis; exercise alone did not improve it.
• OTOther2025The occupational depression inventory confounds depressive symptoms with their assumed work-related causes.Work (Reading, Mass.)This commentary argues that the Occupational Depression Inventory is flawed because it mixes depressive symptoms with assumptions about their work causes. It offers no new clinical data or treatment evidence for therapists to use with patients.
• SLPOther2025Examining employment outcomes of deaf and hard-of-hearing people in The Netherlands using non-public microdata.Work (Reading, Mass.)Among working-age people who claimed Dutch sensory disability care, 70% of deaf or hard-of-hearing claimants were employed, compared with 75% of a matched Dutch population, and working claimants earned lower average hourly wages.
• PTOther2025Biomechanical and Kinematic Gait Analysis in Lower Limb Amputees: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesAbove-knee amputees walked less far in two minutes and had lower cadence and gait symmetry than below-knee amputees, while walking speed was similar and both groups loaded the intact limb more.
• PTSystematic Review2025Measurement properties of observational gait analysis in patients with stroke: a systematic review.Journal of physical therapy scienceFour observational gait tools for stroke patients show varying reliability and validity, but most studies had methodological flaws. Video recording protocols were inconsistent across studies, making it difficult to standardize assessments or compare results reliably in clinical practice.