THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 341 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPCohort2020Long-term cognitive outcomes in tuberous sclerosis complex.Developmental medicine and child neurologySeizures in the first two years, especially non-spasm types, predict lower IQ in children with tuberous sclerosis complex eight years later. Early seizure control appears critical for long-term intellectual outcomes, independent of socio-economic factors.
• PTOTPilot2020A Pilot Study Testing a Novel 3D Printed Amphibious Lower Limb Prosthesis in a Recreational Pool Setting.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationTen adults with below-knee amputations found a new 3D-printed swim prosthesis easy to use and preferred it over a standard swim ankle. They exited the pool faster with the new device, but swimming speed and heart rate changes were similar.
• PTSystematic Review2020Pain-Reducing Effects of Physical Therapist-Delivered Interventions: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials Among Older Adults With Dementia.Journal of geriatric physical therapy (2001)Massage reduced pain compared to no treatment in one trial but showed no additive benefit over routine care in another. Passive movement did not reduce pain more than no treatment. No randomized trials tested active physical therapy interventions like exercise.
• PTRCT2020Predictors of Improved Aerobic Capacity in Individuals With Chronic Stroke Participating in Cycling Interventions.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationThe voluntary cycling plus upper-limb task practice group improved aerobic capacity; the forced cycling plus upper-limb task practice group showed no clear improvement. Faster pedaling and lower starting fitness predicted larger gains, while heart-rate intensity alone did not predict gains.
• Other2020Role of Sleep Duration in the Association Between Socioecological Protective Factors and Health Risk Behaviors in Adolescents.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPSleep duration and protective factors independently lowered the odds of high-risk behavior clusters in 10th graders, but not 12th graders. The interaction between sleep and protective factors was not significant. These cross-sectional data do not prove that increasing sleep reduces risk behaviors.
• PTOther2020Reliability and Validity of a New Eccentric Hamstring Strength Measurement Device.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationA portable device for eccentric hamstring strength gave consistent scores across testing days and corresponded with laboratory dynamometer readings in 19 young male field-sport athletes.
• OTCohort2020Paediatric motor phenotypes in early-onset ataxia, developmental coordination disorder, and central hypotonia.Developmental medicine and child neurologyBlinded neurologists recognized early-onset ataxia in 90% of children, but developmental coordination disorder in only 70% and central hypotonia in 40%. Mild ataxia and severe coordination disorder overlapped, so motor signs alone can be misleading.
• SLPPilot2020Assessing Social Communication and Collaboration in Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Intelligent Collaborative Virtual Environments.Journal of autism and developmental disordersA virtual game system with an AI agent tracked children's speech and teamwork. It matched human ratings for some behaviors but missed others, like directing movement, and failed to capture rare requests.
• SLPPilot2020Attention Modification to Attenuate Facial Emotion Recognition Deficits in Children with Autism: A Pilot Study.Journal of autism and developmental disordersEight children with autism completed a brief attention-training program. Eye-gaze to faces did not significantly change, and standardized emotion recognition scores showed no group improvement. Parents reported better social skills and fewer behavioral problems, but these were subjective measures.
• Narrative Review2020Prenatal treatment path for angelman syndrome and other neurodevelopmental disorders.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchThis paper proposes a future path for treating Angelman syndrome before birth using gene therapy. It is a theoretical roadmap based on animal models and genetic mechanisms. It contains no clinical trial results or patient outcomes to guide current therapy.
• PTOTPilot2020Accelerating Motor Skill Acquisition for Bicycle Riding in Children with ASD: A Pilot Study.Journal of autism and developmental disordersNine of 15 children and adolescents with ASD rode independently after a camp package of graduated support cylinders, spotters, prompts, physical assistance, pairing, breaks, and practice progression; all improved, but no single part can be separated.
• Survey2020The Effect of a 2-Week Pre-clerkship Residency Exploration Program on Specialty Interest and Understanding of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationMedical students’ overall interest in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation did not change after a two-week exploration program, but their understanding of physiatrists’ daily roles and comfort with joint injections increased.
• PTOTPilot2019Dynamic stability during increased walking speeds is related to balance confidence of older adults: a pilot study.Gait & postureOlder adults with lower balance confidence stopped walking at slower speeds on a treadmill. Their instability, measured by step-to-step variability, increased just before they chose to stop. This suggests confidence relates to actual control limits, not just fear.
• PTOther2019Pathway-specific modulatory effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation during pedaling in chronic stroke survivors.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn chronic stroke survivors, sensory-level electrical stimulation during pedaling did not change brain-to-leg signals. Muscle-to-brain signals differed from passive pedaling for the shin muscle. This is a lab finding, not evidence of improved walking.
• PTCase-Control2019Pain Provocation and the Energy Cost of Walking: A Matched Comparison Study of Older Adults With and Without Chronic Low Back Pain With Radiculopathy.Journal of geriatric physical therapy (2001)Older adults with chronic low-back radicular pain whose pain rose by at least 2 points while walking had a higher energy cost by the end of the test. Those whose pain did not rise, and matched pain-free controls, did not change energy cost.
• PTOther2019Development of the University of Wisconsin Running Injury and Recovery Index.The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapyThe 9-item UWRI helps runners describe recovery after a running injury. It is short, stable across repeat testing, and its score change tracks patients' reported improvement.
• PTOther2019The cross-sectional relationships between age, standing static balance, and standing dynamic balance reactions in typically developing children.Gait & postureOlder children could keep their feet in place during bigger treadmill disturbances, but quiet standing sway did not change with age. Dynamic balance reactions looked age related, while quiet standing sway did not.
• PTOTRCT2019EMG-based vibro-tactile biofeedback training: effective learning accelerator for children and adolescents with dystonia? A pilot crossover trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with secondary dystonia showed improved arm movement coordination and muscle activation patterns when wearing a vibration biofeedback device during training. Children with primary dystonia improved with practice alone, and the device did not help them.
• PTOTCohort2019Retraining walking over ground in a powered exoskeleton after spinal cord injury: a prospective cohort study to examine functional gains and neuroplasticity.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWith repeated powered exoskeleton training, people with severe spinal cord injury walked for about an hour each session, and some gained balance or strength. Brain-to-spine signals did not change, and no control group means recovery cannot be proven.
• PTRCT2019The effects of FES cycling combined with virtual reality racing biofeedback on voluntary function after incomplete SCI: a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationTwo of six chronic and three of five sub-acute participants with incomplete SCI improved by 8 points or more after four weeks of motor-driven FES cycling with VR feedback, but no control group means the gains may reflect natural recovery.
• SLPOther2019Brief Report: Calculation and Convergent and Divergent Validity of a New ADOS-2 Expressive Language Score.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilitiesA brief expressive language score from a standard autism diagnostic observation tool tracked spoken language across parent, clinician, and direct tests, and was less tied to understanding or nonverbal ability. It may characterize speech level, but is not a full language assessment.
• OTCohort2019Early childhood predictors of global competence in adolescence for youth with typical development or intellectual disability.Research in developmental disabilitiesA single overall adolescent functioning pattern fit youth with typical development and intellectual disability. For typical development, early emotion dysregulation and negative parenting linked to lower functioning; for intellectual disability, negative parenting and maternal depression linked to lower functioning. Positive parenting was not linked.
• PTOTSLPOther2019The effects of ankle stiffness on mechanics and energetics of walking with added loads: a prosthetic emulator study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn healthy adults simulating an amputation, stiffer prosthetic ankles reduced metabolic cost, contradicting the hypothesis that lower stiffness is better. However, the effect was small, and participants perceived higher stiffness as more difficult when carrying loads.
• PTOTCohort2019Movement kinematics and proprioception in post-stroke spasticity: assessment using the Kinarm robotic exoskeleton.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke patients with spasticity showed slower and less smooth reaching than those without, but proprioception deficits were similar between groups. Both groups struggled with position matching compared to healthy norms. Assess timing and speed separately from sensory function.
• Other2020Sulfate Deficiency as a Risk Factor for Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMothers of children with autism reported lower sulfate intake during pregnancy. Across 86 families, a weak inverse link emerged between daily sulfate consumed and autism severity, but this observational survey cannot prove that low sulfate caused autism or that supplements would help.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Early Intervention Service Intensity and Change in Children's Functional Capabilities.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationChildren receiving 2 or more hours of early intervention services per month showed greater gains in social-emotional and cognitive capabilities than those receiving less than 2 hours. Older children at entry also demonstrated larger functional improvements.
• PTProtocol2020Cost-effectiveness of combination therapy (Mechanical Diagnosis and Treatment and Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections) among patients with an indication for a Lumbar Herniated Disc surgery: Protocol of a randomized controlled trial.Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapyNo results yet. This randomized trial protocol plans to compare combination therapy with usual care for lumbar disc herniation. It reports no patient outcomes, so there is nothing to act on.
• OTOther2020Autism spectrum disorder polygenic scores are associated with every day executive function in children admitted for clinical assessment.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchChildren and adolescents referred for autism assessment with higher genetic risk for autism had more parent-reported everyday problems with behavior regulation. The genetic risk was not linked to other executive function or social difficulty scores.
• SLPOther2020Pivotal response treatment: A study into the relationship between therapist characteristics and fidelity of implementation.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceCertified PRT therapists showed low fidelity (30.2%). Only two factors predicted better implementation: therapists' openness to trying new interventions and their months of experience delivering PRT. Personality, relationship quality, and child age or severity did not predict fidelity.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Development curves of communication and social interaction in individuals with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyChildren and adults with cerebral palsy without intellectual disability reached communication and social skill levels comparable to typical development. Written communication lagged in childhood. With intellectual disability, final levels were lower and varied widely, especially at GMFCS level V.
• SLPCohort2020Long-Term Variability of Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emissions in Infants and Children and Its Relation to Pediatric Ototoxicity Monitoring.Ear and hearingDPOAE levels normally fall with age in healthy children, especially in the first year. A small later drop may be normal development, not ototoxicity, so compare with normal age-related changes, and 6 kHz is relatively stable.
• OTCohort2020Effects of Vocational Re-training on Employment Outcomes Among Persons with Disabilities in Germany: A Quasi-Experiment.Journal of occupational rehabilitationIn Germany, people with disabilities who completed vocational re-training, combining classroom and on-the-job training, had higher income and more employment days over eight years than those who did not complete training. Both one-year and two-year programs showed gains.
• PTCohort2020Predictors of Walking Activity in Children and Adolescents With Myelomeningocele.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationLess daily walking was related to using assistive devices and watching more TV in ambulatory children and adolescents with myelomeningocele. Strength and range of motion were also related, but not in the final model.
• SLPPilot2020Project ImPACT for Toddlers: Pilot outcomes of a community adaptation of an intervention for autism risk.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceParents coached by trained providers interacted more supportively with their toddlers, but the children's communication scores did not improve significantly more than usual care. Low-intensity parent coaching changed how parents played, yet the study was too small to prove it helped the children.
• OTOther2020Sensory Abnormality and Quantitative Autism Traits in Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder in an Epidemiological Population.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents reported sensory problems in 8.3% of 4397 children, and in 53.6% of 28 children with ASD. Auditory hypersensitivity was especially linked to higher autism screening scores, so ask about noise sensitivity in children with ASD or high scores.
• SLPOther2020Language deficits in specific language impairment, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder: An analysis of polygenic risk.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchGenetic risk scores for specific language impairment predicted language difficulties in this sample but did not predict autism or ADHD risk. This suggests the common genetic variants driving language impairment do not simply add to the risk for autism or ADHD.
• SLPCohort2020Emotional functioning and the development of internalizing and externalizing problems in young boys with and without autism spectrum disorder.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceYoung boys with autism did not differ from typical boys in internalizing symptoms in the main model, but they had more severe externalizing problems and lower emotional functioning across three years.
• PTCohort2019Partial medial meniscectomy leads to altered walking mechanics two years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Meniscal repair does not.Gait & postureTwo years after ACL reconstruction, athletes who also had a partial medial meniscectomy walked with smaller knee flexion angles and higher medial knee forces than those with meniscus repair or no injury. This altered mechanics may explain their higher risk of developing osteoarthritis.
• PTOTOther2019Tester and testing procedure influence clinically determined gait speed.Gait & postureDifferent testers using stopwatches recorded gait speeds up to 0.095 m/s apart, and 16% of people showed differences greater than the 0.1 m/s threshold for clinical change. Automated timing gates removed this tester effect. Dynamic starts also inflated speed.
• PTOTSLPOther2019Effects of a corrective heel lift with an orthopaedic walking boot on joint mechanics and symmetry during gait.Gait & postureWalking boots slowed gait and changed hip and knee mechanics. A contralateral heel lift helped some movements but did not restore normal walking. It also increased knee varus moments, which may be risky for patients with knee pathology.
• PTPilot2019Effects of extended stance time on a powered knee prosthesis and gait symmetry on the lateral control of balance during walking in individuals with unilateral amputation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationVisual feedback helped six people with leg amputations walk more symmetrically on a powered prosthesis. However, this increased side-to-side body sway and hip muscle effort, and reduced their stability margin on the prosthetic side, suggesting symmetry comes at a balance cost.
• PTOther2019The Balance Intensity Scales for Therapists and Exercisers Measure Balance Exercise Intensity in Older Adults: Initial Validation Using Rasch Analysis.Physical therapyThe therapist checklist could fairly separate balance tasks into lower and higher intensity. The exerciser self-rating scale was less dependable, so a simple 5-point effort rating may be more useful.
• PTOther2019Mental Singing Reduces Gait Variability More Than Music Listening for Healthy Older Adults and People With Parkinson Disease.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTHealthy older adults and people with Parkinson's walked with less stride variability when mentally singing to a beat compared to listening to music. This internal cue improved stability measures without the increased variability seen with external music, offering a discreet option for daily walking.
• PTOTCohort2019Belief, Confidence, and Motivation to Use the Paretic Upper Limb in Daily Life Over the First 24 Weeks After Stroke.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTStroke survivors remained highly confident and motivated to use their weak arm over the first six months, regardless of physical recovery or mood. This suggests therapists can assume patients are ready to engage and should focus on removing practical barriers rather than boosting morale.
• Other2019Psychometric characterization of incidental feedback sources during grasping with a hand prosthesis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAble-bodied users could distinguish 1% changes in prosthesis closing speed using just sight and sound. This incidental feedback was more accurate than a simple vibration interface, suggesting that adding vibration may offer little benefit unless it provides new information.
• SLPCase Series2019Development of a new high sensitivity mechanical switch for augmentative and alternative communication access in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA new magnetic lever switch let all 20 people with advanced ALS use their existing scanning communication or emergency bell after training. Satisfaction was high, but activation counts fell over 12 months.
• SLPQualitative2019Dysphonia, Perceived Control, and Psychosocial Distress: A Qualitative Study.Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice FoundationPatients with muscle tension dysphonia described voice problems causing distress that worsened symptoms. Those who felt they had some control over their reactions used adaptive coping and saw improvement. Those feeling helpless used maladaptive strategies and symptoms persisted. Speech therapy helped most, but carryover was difficult.
• PTOther2019The effects of pediatric obesity on patellofemoral joint contact force during walking.Gait & postureObese children had higher kneecap joint load than healthy-weight children at the second peak and averaged across walking, but first peak and body-weight normalized loads were not higher.
• PTPilot2019Actigraphic measurement of the upper limbs movements in acute stroke patients.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWrist sensors in 20 acute stroke patients showed the paretic arm moved less than the unaffected arm. One index identified the paretic arm in 95% of patients. This is monitoring, not treatment.
• SLPOther2020Validity of Vocal Communication and Vocal Complexity in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersVocal communication and vocal complexity measures from play-based communication samples in young children with autism predicted later expressive language, not nonverbal cognition, and changed over the study period. They help track development, not prove treatment effects.