THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 387 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPOther2021Implementation and Evaluation of the Virtual Graded Repetitive Arm Supplementary Program (GRASP) for Individuals With Stroke During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond.Physical therapyNine stroke survivors completed a virtual upper-limb exercise program. Self-reported hand function improved significantly, with six of nine reaching a clinically important change. Staff found the format workable, though webcam angles and audio interference posed technical challenges.
• PTOTNarrative Review2021The Role of the IL-4 Signaling Pathway in Traumatic Nerve Injuries.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIL-4 signaling helps nerves heal in mice, but no human trials exist. Therapists should not expect IL-4 to improve recovery. This mechanism explains why nerve repair often fails and why surgery outcomes remain poor.
• SLPOther2021Increased Recruitment of Domain-General Neural Networks in Language Processing Following Intensive Language-Action Therapy: fMRI Evidence From People With Chronic Aphasia.American journal of speech-language pathologySixteen people with chronic aphasia improved on language tests after intensive therapy. Brain scans showed this improvement correlated with increased activity in domain-general networks, not just language areas. No control group was used, so the therapy's specific effect on these brain changes is uncertain.
• PTOTCase Report2021Perioperative Botulinum Toxin Injections to Enhance Surgical Outcomes in Patients With Spasticity: Preoperative, Intraoperative, and Postoperative Case Reports.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationFavorable outcomes were reported after surgery, botulinum toxin, and postoperative care in three patients with spasticity, but without controls these reports cannot show the toxin caused the improvement.
• PTPilot2021Individual analysis of dynamic stability for twenty-four Tai Chi forms among persons with knee osteoarthritis: A pilot study.Gait & postureTai Chi forms varied in balance stability during performance compared with walking in eight adults with knee OA. Form 8 had the largest forward-back range, Form 10 had the largest side-to-side range, and Form 1 had the smallest ranges.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2021mHealth Intervention Applications for Adults Living With the Effects of Stroke: A Scoping Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationMost stroke phone or tablet apps for adults are early-stage tools for hand, speech, exercise, and risk-factor management. They show feasibility or user interest, not proven effectiveness. Many studies had small samples and pilot designs.
• PTOTQualitative2021Considerations for Implementation of an Ankle-Foot Orthosis to Improve Mobility in Peripheral Artery Disease.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationPatients who stopped wearing ankle-foot orthoses reported more pain, discomfort, and health barriers than those who continued. While many users found standing and walking easier, physical discomfort and poor overall health were the main reasons for dropping out.
• SLPOther2021Comparison of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Brazilian Children with Prenatal Exposure to Zika Virus, With and Without Microcephaly.DysphagiaClinical swallowing assessment found oropharyngeal dysphagia in 79.3% of children with Zika-related microcephaly and 8.6% of Zika-exposed children without microcephaly. Caregiver reports matched the assessment closely.
• SLPOther2021Autism spectrum disorder screening in preschools.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceA 13-item classroom checklist, rated by preschool teachers or briefly trained observers, flagged children who were later more likely to meet ASD criteria. It is a screening aid, not a diagnosis.
• OTSLPCohort2021Oral health and oral health behaviour of adolescents with mild or borderline intellectual disabilities compared with a national representative sample of 17-year-olds in the Netherlands.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDAdolescents with mild or borderline intellectual disabilities had more tooth decay and plaque than their peers, despite reporting similar brushing habits. They visited dentists less often and snacked more at night. Dental anxiety was higher, and those living in institutions had worse outcomes than those at home.
• Cohort2021Expression Changes in Epigenetic Gene Pathways Associated With One-Carbon Nutritional Metabolites in Maternal Blood From Pregnancies Resulting in Autism and Non-Typical Neurodevelopment.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchMaternal blood gene expression during pregnancy differed in mothers of children who later developed autism or non-typical neurodevelopment. These differences involved immune and epigenetic pathways, but no single gene or nutrient level was a strong enough predictor to serve as a clinical test.
• PTOTPilot2021Feasibility and Convergent Validity of an Activity Tracker for Low Back Pain Within a Clinical Study: Cross-sectional Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesMost patients with low back pain wore and synced a commercial activity tracker, but its step and distance data correlated poorly with self-reported activity questionnaires. The device is feasible for tracking compliance but does not accurately measure activity levels compared to standard surveys.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2021Safety and efficacy of mesotherapy in musculoskeletal disorders: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials with meta-analysis.Journal of rehabilitation medicineMesotherapy injections for musculoskeletal pain reduced pain scores more than systemic medication or placebo in most trials. Side effects were mild and temporary. However, the treatments varied widely in drugs and techniques, making it hard to know which specific protocol worked best.
• PTOther2021Assessment of rehabilitation needs in patients after COVID-19: Development of the COVID-19-rehabilitation needs survey.Journal of rehabilitation medicineThe new C19-RehabNeS combines the SF-36 with a questionnaire of 57 items covering symptoms, care received, rehabilitation interventions, health services, satisfaction, activity, participation and quality of life. It reports instrument development, not patient outcomes.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Diagnostic approach to paediatric movement disorders: a clinical practice guide.Developmental medicine and child neurologyThis guide outlines a step-by-step clinical algorithm for diagnosing paediatric movement disorders. It prioritizes distinguishing normal developmental patterns from pathology, classifying the specific movement phenotype, and ruling out functional disorders before initiating genetic or metabolic testing.
• PTOther2021Factors associated with dynamic balance in people with Persistent Postural Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD): a cross-sectional study using a virtual-reality Four Square Step Test.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with persistent postural-perceptual dizziness completed the virtual step test as fast as controls and showed no group differences in head movement. Within the dizziness group, higher anxiety and lower balance confidence were linked to smaller side-to-side head motion in busy scenes.
• SLPCohort2021New Metrics Needed in the Evaluation of Hearing Hazard Associated With Industrial Noise Exposure.Ear and hearingThe ISO 1999 model significantly underestimates noise-induced hearing loss in industrial workers exposed to complex, impulsive noise. Hearing loss increased as noise kurtosis rose, even at the same energy level. Current guidelines that rely only on average energy fail to protect workers in these environments.
• Other2021Mother-Adolescent Discrepancies in Ratings of Adolescents' Adjustment: Associations with Maternal Mental Health and Family Factors.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPMaternal mental health symptoms were associated with larger mother-adolescent rating differences for adolescents' withdrawn, anxious, depressed, or physical complaint problems. No such link was seen for externalizing problems, and family factors did not explain the differences.
• PTOTCohort2021Motor Impairment and Its Influence in Gait Velocity and Asymmetry in Community Ambulating Hemiplegic Individuals.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIn 55 community ambulators with stroke, stronger ankle plantarflexors predicted faster walking and more symmetrical gait patterns. Spasticity in the hip adductors and quadriceps was associated with greater asymmetry in swing time and step length, respectively.
• PTOTRCT2021Mobilization Started Within 2 Hours After Abdominal Surgery Improves Peripheral and Arterial Oxygenation: A Single-Center Randomized Controlled Trial.Physical therapyMobilizing patients out of bed within 2 hours of abdominal surgery improved arterial oxygen levels compared to staying in bed. Adding breathing exercises provided no extra benefit over mobilization alone. The intervention was safe, with no adverse events reported.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Describing the Delivery of Evidence-Based Physical Therapy Intervention to Individuals With Cerebral Palsy.Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationTherapists delivered evidence-based interventions in 48% of treatment selections for children with cerebral palsy, but usage dropped for those with the most severe motor impairment. This suggests outpatient therapy may not be reaching the children who need it most, or that effective options for severe cases remain limited.
• SLPOther2020COVID-19 and ENT SLT services, workforce and research in the UK: A discussion paper.International journal of language & communication disordersThis is an expert discussion paper on UK ENT speech and language therapy services during COVID-19. It describes service changes and research priorities. It reports no original patient outcomes, so there is no finding to act on.
• SLPNarrative Review2020How We Fail Children With Developmental Language Disorder.Language, speech, and hearing services in schoolsMost children with developmental language disorder are not identified, and service receipt varies by language, race, behavior, and location. Research attention to DLD remained low compared with other conditions.
• SLPOther2021Influence of Acid Swallows on the Dynamics of the Upper Esophageal Sphincter.DysphagiaSwallowing very acidic water (pH 1.8) prolonged the time for the upper esophageal sphincter to return to rest, averaging 12.67 seconds, versus 8.69 seconds for neutral water. pH 3 and pH 5 did not show this change in healthy volunteers.
• SLPOther2021Development of a measure of function word use in narrative discourse: core lexicon analysis in aphasia.International journal of language & communication disordersA new checklist of 25 common function words showed that people with aphasia used fewer of them than healthy adults. The measure also separated fluent from non-fluent aphasia, but the study was exploratory with a very small aphasia group.
• SLPOther2021Subjective criteria underlying noise-tolerance in the presence of speech.International journal of audiologyNormal-hearing adults did not all use the same rule when background noise became unacceptable. Most relied on distraction or annoyance, not speech interference, and loudness never dominated. Hearing aid users were not tested.
• SLPCase-Control2021Functional hearing quality in prelingually deaf school-age children and adolescents with cochlear implants.International journal of audiologyParents reported that children with cochlear implants use significantly more listening effort and hear worse in noise than normal-hearing peers. This parent-reported functional hearing quality correlated strongly with the child's speech, language, and executive functioning, independent of standard audiogram results.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2021Appraising the Validity of Tools to Measure Multijoint Leg Power: A Systematic Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationNo existing tool reliably measures maximum multijoint leg power for older adults. Three devices were reviewed, but all had validation flaws. Correlation does not prove accuracy. Without a valid measure, therapists cannot accurately prescribe or track leg power rehabilitation.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Using the Modified Balke Protocol in Fully Ambulatory People With Multiple Sclerosis.Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journalA treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise test was safe and feasible for people with multiple sclerosis who could walk without aids. Seventeen of twenty tests provided usable data. The results correlated with walking distance, cognitive speed, and disability levels, supporting its use for assessment.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children with cerebral palsy: high prevalence rates in a population-based study.Developmental medicine and child neurologyIn a population of children with cerebral palsy, 30% had autism and 30% had ADHD, rates higher than previously reported. Intellectual disability, not motor severity, was the strongest predictor. Screening for these conditions is warranted regardless of physical function.
• SLPOther2021A Preliminary Investigation of Whether HRCA Signals Can Differentiate Between Swallows from Healthy People and Swallows from People with Neurodegenerative Diseases.DysphagiaHRCA neck sensors, statistical methods, and machine learning correctly sorted 99% of thin liquid swallows from people with neurodegenerative diseases and healthy adults. This preliminary work did not explain which swallowing problem caused the difference.
• PTOther2021User-driven treadmill walking promotes healthy step width after stroke.Gait & postureStroke survivors walked with significantly narrower step width on user-driven treadmills than on fixed-speed ones, even at matched speeds. This suggests user-driven control may encourage a more stable, healthy-like gait pattern during rehabilitation.
• SLPCase Series2021Heterogeneous Presentations of Pharyngoesophageal Diverticula Occurring after Cervical Spine Surgery.DysphagiaIn 13 patients with swallowing difficulty after cervical spine surgery, diverticula often hid exposed hardware or perforation. A staged approach removing hardware and repairing the defect, followed by endoscopic cutting of the pouch wall, resolved dysphagia in all cases.
• PTOther2021Convergent validity of a simplified device and relationship between blood lactate and salivary lactate after a vertical squat jump in healthy non-athletes.Journal of physical therapy scienceA portable saliva lactate device followed the same pattern as a lab analyzer in four participants, but after a vertical squat jump, blood and saliva lactate did not track together at the same times. Saliva lagged by 5 minutes.
• PTOther2021Machine-assisted foot stretching in the elderly: a comparison with self-stretching.Journal of physical therapy scienceAfter one session, both machine-assisted and towel self-stretching increased ankle dorsiflexion range in 12 healthy elderly people. The machine was used on the right foot and self-stretching on the left, so the comparison is affected by starting differences.
• PTSLPOther2021Concurrent validity of the Warner Initial Developmental Evaluation of Adaptive and Functional Skills and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition.Developmental medicine and child neurologyIn high-risk infants, WIDEA-FS mobility and communication scores tracked Bayley-III motor and language scores. Low scores can help decide who needs full Bayley testing, but some scores max out too early to tell children apart.
• PTOTRCT2021The yield and usefulness of PAIN+ and PubMed databases for accessing research evidence on pain management: a randomized crossover trial.Archives of physiotherapyPAIN+ top three pain articles were rated more useful than PubMed top three, but PubMed was preferred for multidisciplinary questions and PAIN+ for discipline-specific questions.
• PTSystematic Review2021Spontaneous Interpersonal Synchronization of Gait: A Systematic Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationHealthy adults walking side by side naturally sync their steps, especially when holding hands or touching. No clinical patients were studied, so this does not yet prove that side-by-side walking improves gait rehabilitation outcomes.
• PTOTCohort2021Evaluating Intrinsic Fall Risk Factors After Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: Distinguishing Fallers From Nonfallers.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationSlower walking, weaker legs, poor foot sensation, and side-to-side sway when eyes are closed were linked to more falls in people with incomplete spinal cord injury. These factors help flag risk, but no single test predicts falls reliably.
• PTOTNarrative Review2021Breast edema, from diagnosis to treatment: state of the art.Archives of physiotherapyBreast edema after breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy often improves after treatment ends. Monitor with the BrEQ and physical exam, and treat persistent cases with skin care, compression and exercise, without manual lymphatic drainage.
• SLPOther2020Contextual influences on sentence repetition as a tool for the identification of language impairment in Grade 3 Sepedi-English bilinguals: A case against bilingual norms.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsSentence repetition scores varied widely by school language policy, not just by impairment. Bilingual norms are unworkable; clinicians must compare children to peers in their specific educational context and assess both languages to avoid misidentifying those still acquiring English.
• Other2020Altered synaptic ultrastructure in the prefrontal cortex of Shank3-deficient rats.Molecular autismRats with one mutated Shank3 gene showed larger synapse heads in the prefrontal cortex, while those with two mutated copies did not. This suggests haploinsufficiency may drive specific structural changes relevant to autism and Phelan-McDermid syndrome.
• SLPOther2020Factor analysis of signs of childhood apraxia of speech.Journal of communication disordersSpeech signs in 57 children with childhood apraxia clustered into three distinct groups: prosody, coarticulation, and inconsistency. This supports using these three areas as core diagnostic criteria. Syllable segmentation was the strongest prosody sign, suggesting it may help identify apraxia even in minimally verbal children.
• Other2020Common and unique multimodal covarying patterns in autism spectrum disorder subtypes.Molecular autismBrain scans of three autism subtypes show shared activity patterns in the prefrontal and temporal lobes. Each subtype also has unique differences in deeper brain structures that correlate with specific symptom severity scores. These patterns helped predict symptom scores in a separate group of patients.
• SLPSurvey2020Nurses' knowledge of stroke-related oropharyngeal dysphagia in the Eastern Cape, South Africa.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsNurses in South Africa showed moderate knowledge of stroke-related swallowing issues but held dangerous misconceptions. Most believed patients always cough when aspirating, missing silent aspiration risks. They also poorly identified complications like pneumonia and appropriate management strategies, highlighting a critical need for targeted training.
• SLPCohort2020Slowed Compensation Responses to Altered Auditory Feedback in Post-Stroke Aphasia: Implications for Speech Sensorimotor Integration.Journal of communication disordersPeople with aphasia took longer to adjust their pitch when their auditory feedback was altered, but corrected to the same extent as healthy speakers once time was accounted for. This suggests the mechanism for speech error correction remains intact, though it operates more slowly.
• SLPCase-Control2020No preference for direct versus averted gaze in autistic adults: a reinforced preferential looking paradigm.Molecular autismAutistic adults showed no preference for looking at mouths over eyes. They also did not distinguish between direct and averted gaze, unlike neurotypical adults who preferred direct gaze. Reduced attention to the eye region was linked to higher alexithymia scores, not autism diagnosis alone.
• SLPOther2020High-throughput screening identifies histone deacetylase inhibitors that modulate GTF2I expression in 7q11.23 microduplication autism spectrum disorder patient-derived cortical neurons.Molecular autismA screen did not find compounds that raised target gene expression in Williams syndrome neurons. In neurons from people with 7q11.23 duplication, three histone deacetylase inhibitors lowered GTF2I levels. Vorinostat was most consistent. Not tested in patients.
• PTOTOther2021Evaluation of the Structural Validity of the Work Instability Scale Using the Rasch Model.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationThe 23-item Work Instability Scale fits poorly for upper-limb injury workers. Removing three items creates a 20-item version that measures work instability accurately and allows valid statistical comparison of scores.
• SLPOther2021Development and validation of a digits-in-noise hearing test in Persian.International journal of audiologyA Persian hearing screening test using numbers spoken in noise was developed, but it gave poorer scores for young Persian adults with normal hearing than the English version. It was not yet validated in people with hearing loss.