THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 356 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• OTOther2020Felt but not seen: Observed restricted repetitive behaviors are associated with self-report-but not parent-report-obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms in youth with autism spectrum disorder.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceYouth with autism who reported more obsessive-compulsive symptoms had more clinician-observed repetitive behaviors. Parent-reported OCD symptoms did not track these observed behaviors, so parent report alone may miss distress reported by the child.
• PTOTCohort2020Sleep Disruption After Brain Injury Is Associated With Worse Motor Outcomes and Slower Functional Recovery.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairInpatients with more fragmented sleep showed slower recovery of functional independence and worse motor outcomes. Sleep quality did not improve during rehabilitation. Screening for sleep disruption may identify patients at risk of poorer recovery, though causality is not proven.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Facilitating sensorimotor integration via blocked practice underpins imitation learning of atypical biological kinematics in autism spectrum disorder.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic adults who struggled to imitate a novel, atypical movement learned it when they practised that single movement repeatedly in a block, rather than mixing it with typical movements. Blocked practice allowed them to encode the unusual timing, a skill that transferred to random testing.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Driving after pediatric traumatic brain injury: Impact of distraction and executive functioning.Rehabilitation psychologyA history of pediatric TBI did not independently worsen simulated driving. Instead, executive functioning deficits drove poor vehicle control and speed variability. Texting impaired driving for all participants, while hands-free conversation did not.
• SLPOther2020The Witness-Aimed First Account (WAFA): A new technique for interviewing autistic witnesses and victims.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn mock crime videos, autistic and non-autistic witnesses who first named separate topics, then recalled each topic, gave more correct details and were more accurate than after standard free recall. Errors did not change.
• PTQualitative2020Recommendations of behavioural facilitators for success in a physiotherapy clinical practice module: Successful students' perspectives.The South African journal of physiotherapyHigh-achieving physiotherapy students ranked preparation before each clinical block and daily preparation as the top behaviour for success. They also valued self-reflection and patient rapport. These are student perspectives, not tested interventions.
• SLPSystematic Review2020Burden of disease: A scoping review of HIV/AIDS and TB in occupational noise-induced hearing loss.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsOnly two South African studies examined TB treatment and occupational noise-induced hearing loss. Both found worse hearing thresholds in miners with TB history, but evidence linking HIV or TB to hearing conservation is very sparse.
• PTOther2020Local Anesthetic Injection Resolves Movement Pain, Motor Dysfunction, and Pain Catastrophizing in Individuals With Chronic Achilles Tendinopathy: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapyIn chronic Achilles tendinopathy, a local anesthetic injection immediately reduced movement pain, improved heel-raise performance to control levels, and lowered pain catastrophizing, but fear of movement stayed elevated.
• SLPNarrative Review2020Classification of audiograms in the prevention of noise-induced hearing loss: A clinical perspective.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsThe UKHSE audiogram scheme sums hearing levels at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 kHz, compares them with age and sex tables, and assigns warning or referral actions. It may help workplaces act on noise-induced hearing loss, but the paper does not report effectiveness data.
• PTOther2020Extended Version of a Test Battery for Visual Assessment of Postural Orientation Errors: Face Validity, Internal Consistency, and Reliability.Physical therapyAn extended visual test battery for postural errors in late-stage ACL rehab showed good consistency and reliability. It adds a side-hop task and two knee-specific observations, allowing therapists to assess lower-limb alignment during jumping and daily movements more comprehensively.
• SLPCohort2020Prevalence of hearing loss and tinnitus in a group of adults with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsHearing loss was no more common in HIV-positive adults than in HIV-negative controls. Tinnitus was significantly more prevalent in the HIV-positive group, reported by 57% compared with 34% of controls.
• PTCohort2020The cricketer's shoulder and injury: Asymmetries in range of movement and muscle length.The South African journal of physiotherapyPre-season shoulder range did not differ between injured and uninjured cricketers. Baseline pain that did not stop play was associated with later time-loss shoulder injury in 32 players.
• PTPilot2020Raising and stabilization phase of the sit-to-stand movement better discriminate healthy elderly adults from young subjects: a pilot cross-sectional study.Archives of physiotherapyAfter rising from a chair, older adults showed more sway while settling into standing, especially during stabilization, than young adults. The study did not test falls or treatment.
• SLPQualitative2020'I never realised everybody felt as happy as I do when I am around autistic people': A thematic analysis of autistic adults' relationships with autistic and neurotypical friends and family.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic adults said spending time with autistic people was easier, less tiring and more accepting, while time with non-autistic people often felt effortful, anxious and pressured to mask.
• SLPSystematic Review2020Recent advances in hearing conservation programmes: A systematic review.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsA review of 26 studies identified seven advances in hearing conservation, including daily noise monitoring devices and hidden hearing loss tests. Most evidence comes from high-income countries, leaving a gap in practical application for low- and middle-income regions like South Africa.
• OTSurvey2020Does occupational noise matter amongst manufacturing (small and medium enterprises) workers? Empirical evidence from Magaba, Mbare, Zimbabwe.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsReported workplace noise exposure was linked to manufacturing workers' attitudes about noise and concern about hearing loss; those factors were also linked to job performance. The study did not test whether reducing noise helps.
• PTSLPOther2020Attentional prioritization in dual-task walking: Effects of stroke, environment, and instructed focus.Gait & postureTalking while walking slowed gait speed in adults with and without stroke, and people could not reliably shift attention to protect walking as instructed. For adults with stroke, the walking cost was larger, but a busy lobby did not add a clinically important effect.
• PTOTRCT2020Intense and unpredictable perturbations during gait training improve dynamic balance abilities in chronic hemiparetic individuals: a randomized controlled pilot trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding intense, unpredictable perturbations to treadmill walking improved dynamic balance and gait speed in people with chronic stroke. Walking alone did not help. The perturbation group gained more balance than the control group, but the study was small and short.
• PTOther2020Physiotherapy management for COVID-19 in the acute hospital setting: clinical practice recommendations.Journal of physiotherapyExpert recommendations advise physiotherapists not to enter isolation rooms routinely for screening, and not to provide respiratory physiotherapy for a dry, non-productive cough. Provide airway clearance only when secretions are problematic, use airborne precautions, and mobilise early when safe.
• SLPOther2020Neural Correlates of Cardiac Interoceptive Focus Across Development: Implications for Social Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchHeartbeat counting accuracy and insula brain response did not differ between ASD and typically developing groups. Across ages 8 to 54, insula response changed with age. In adults with ASD, stronger left posterior insula response tracked higher self-reported social symptoms; caregiver reports did not.
• Other2020The public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic for people with disabilities.Disability and health journalNo study results are reported. This public health commentary proposes data, protection, and equity priorities for people with disabilities during the pandemic, not tested interventions.
• PTOTSurvey2020Satisfaction with quality of healthcare at primary healthcare settings: Perspectives of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The South African journal of physiotherapyPatients with type 2 diabetes rated overall care at South African clinics as good, with 80.9% satisfied. However, dissatisfaction was high regarding wait times and clarity of discharge instructions. Those who gave suggestions overwhelmingly called for more staff, better communication from doctors, and reduced pharmacy queues.
• SLPCohort2020Submandibular duct ligation after botulinum neurotoxin A treatment of drooling in children with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyCaregivers rated drooling lower after duct ligation than after botulinum toxin A, but direct observation did not differ. For children with severe drooling, caregiver report and measured drooling did not point the same way.
• Other2020A prospective study of hospital episodes of adults with intellectual disability.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRAdults with intellectual disability had 157 hospital episodes, mostly starting in emergency departments. Twenty-six re-presentations occurred within 72 hours and 59 within 30 days, while emergency stays averaged 6.5 hours.
• OTSLPOther2020Observed emotional reactivity in response to frustration tasks in psychiatrically hospitalized youth with autism spectrum disorder.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceHospitalized autistic youth showed more intense and longer negative reactions during frustration tasks than before them, then generally returned to baseline during recovery. Youth with little or no speech and lower adaptive skills reacted more strongly.
• SLPOther2020Perceptions of mothers with preterm infants about early communication development: A scoping review.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsMothers of preterm infants often feel like passive observers in the NICU, hindered by medical routines and language barriers. Kangaroo mother care helped mothers understand their infant's signals better. Clinicians should actively involve mothers in daily care and feeding to reduce anxiety and support interaction.
• OTSLPCohort2020Trajectories of emotional and behavioral problems from childhood to early adult life.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceEmotional, conduct and ADHD symptoms declined modestly from childhood to early adulthood in autistic people, but many still scored high on screening questions. Better everyday adaptive function was associated with faster declines in conduct and ADHD symptoms.
• PTRCT2020Compared to conventional physiotherapy, does the use of an ankle trainer device after Weber B ankle fracture operation improve outcome and shorten hospital stay? A randomized controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitationAnkle function scores were higher with a spring-loaded trainer at three weeks after operated ankle fracture, but not at 52 weeks. Hospital stay averaged 2.6 days versus 3.2 days. Pain and ankle motion did not differ.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2020Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with physical or cognitive training in people with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding tDCS to physical or cognitive therapy showed inconsistent benefits. Cognition and upper limb function improved in some trials, but gait and motor symptoms showed no clear advantage over sham stimulation. Small study sizes and varied protocols limit confidence in these findings.
• PTOTRCT2020High-Intensity Exercise Improves Fatigue, Sleep, and Mood in Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Physical therapyThree months of high-intensity exercise improved fatigue, vitality, mood, and perceived health in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. These benefits disappeared by 12 months, likely because fewer than half continued exercising. The effects were small to moderate and did not reach the threshold for clinically important change.
• SLPCohort2020Occupational noise and age: A longitudinal study of hearing sensitivity as a function of noise exposure and age in South African gold mine workers.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsSouth African gold mine workers with high noise exposure had worse hearing at first test and lost more over repeated annual tests than administrative workers, even after accounting for age. Age also contributed, especially at higher frequencies.
• PTOther2020Relationship between Nintendo's Wii balance board derived variables and clinical balance scores in individuals with stroke.Gait & postureWii Balance Board weight-symmetry and target-movement measures showed no useful match with Berg Balance Scale or Mini-BESTest scores in chronic stroke. Only very small links appeared, so the board should not be read as a substitute for clinical balance tests.
• PTOther2020Performance-based outcome measures are associated with cadence variability during community ambulation among individuals with a transtibial amputation.Prosthetics and orthotics internationalFaster normal walking speed, plus better L-Test and Figure-of-8 times, were linked to greater ability to vary walking pace over seven days in 41 transtibial amputation users. Normal speed was strongest.
• Other2020A DLG2 deficiency in mice leads to reduced sociability and increased repetitive behavior accompanied by aberrant synaptic transmission in the dorsal striatum.Molecular autismIn mice, deleting the DLG2 gene caused reduced social approach and increased repetitive grooming. This was linked to decreased excitatory synaptic transmission in the dorsal striatum. The study identifies a potential biological mechanism for autism traits but does not test any therapy.
• PTOTPilot2020COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond: Considerations and Costs of Telehealth Exercise Programs for Older Adults With Functional Impairments Living at Home-Lessons Learned From a Pilot Case Study.Physical therapyA single stroke survivor completed a 36-session telehealth strength and balance program. He improved in sit-to-stand speed and perceived recovery, but walking speed and daily step count barely changed. The program cost about $158 per session, far exceeding standard Medicare reimbursement rates.
• PTOTCohort2020Upper limb kinematics during the first year after stroke: the stroke arm longitudinal study at the University of Gothenburg (SALGOT).Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAfter stroke, movement time and hand speed approached healthy performance by 3 months, but elbow speed, arm lifting away from the body and trunk lean stayed impaired through 12 months.
• PTOTSLPRCT2020A comparison of two personalization and adaptive cognitive rehabilitation approaches: a randomized controlled trial with chronic stroke patients.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationVirtual reality cognitive training improved general cognition more than paper-and-pencil tasks in chronic stroke patients. However, the VR group also used their affected arm for motor tasks, so the benefit may come from combined motor-cognitive training rather than VR alone.
• SLPOther2020Predicting Speech Perception in Older Listeners with Sensorineural Hearing Loss Using Automatic Speech Recognition.Trends in hearingAutomatic speech recognition predicts nonsense-syllable scores well but fails on words and sentences, underestimating human performance because it cannot use linguistic context. Large prediction errors mean this tool cannot replace clinical speech testing for meaningful speech.
• SLPNarrative Review2020Risk versus benefit: Should not audiologists assess this in the context of occupational noise-induced hearing loss in the mining industry?The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsNo new clinical findings: this narrative review argues that audiologists should assess risks and benefits of hearing conservation programmes for miners exposed to occupational noise.
• SLPOther2020Serial Recall Predicts Vocoded Sentence Recognition Across Spectral Resolutions.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHRIn young adults with normal hearing, repeating lists of digits and words tracked sentence recognition across degraded speech conditions. Fluid intelligence and simple attention tests did not. This is a lab finding, not a clinical predictor for hearing loss.
• PTOTRCT2020Neurophysiological signatures of hand motor response to dual-transcranial direct current stimulation in subacute stroke: a TMS and MEG study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationDual tDCS shifted brain activity in subacute stroke patients: it increased excitability in the damaged-side motor cortex and decreased it in the healthy-side cortex. These neurophysiological changes mirrored those in healthy controls and correlated with the patients' existing hand function.
• SLPOther2020Cultural differences in the content of child talk: evaluative lexis of English monolingual and Spanish-English bilingual 30-month-olds.Journal of child languageWhen overall vocabulary was held constant, bilingual and monolingual children used similar amounts of words about thoughts, wants, and feelings. Bilingual children used fewer words about wanting in English and Spanish than monolingual children did.
• PTSurvey2020Physical activity in physiotherapy students: Levels of physical activity and perceived benefits and barriers to exercise.The South African journal of physiotherapyOnly 37.5% of South African physiotherapy students had high activity levels, though most saw exercise as beneficial. Students with higher activity had more positive views of exercise. PT educators should discuss students' own activity levels.
• SLPCohort2020How accurate are autistic adults and those high in autistic traits at making face-to-face line-of-sight judgements?Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic adults were less accurate than neurotypical adults at judging where someone was looking, but both groups performed well above chance. Brief glances were no harder than prolonged stares for autistic adults. Autistic traits in the general population did not predict accuracy.
• SLPCohort2020Investigating Bullying as a Predictor of Suicidality in a Clinical Sample of Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchAdolescents with autism who experienced bullying were nearly twice as likely to develop suicidal thoughts over five years. This risk remained significant after adjusting for demographics and clinical factors, highlighting bullying as a key predictor of suicidality in this group.
• SLPCohort2020Down syndrome and parental depression: A double hit on early expressive language development.Research in developmental disabilitiesChildren with Down syndrome whose parents had depression showed a slower rate of expressive language growth in the first four years. This delay was specific to speaking; understanding, motor skills and visual reception were unaffected. Screening for parental depression may help identify families needing extra language support.
• SLPCase Series2020Measure What You Treat: Using Language Sample Analysis for Grammatical Outcome Measures in Children with Developmental Language Disorder.Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groupsAfter treatment, language samples from six children with developmental language disorder showed improved use of the treated grammar target. Average utterance length and vocabulary diversity did not consistently show progress.
• SLPOther2020Effect of Spectral Channels on Speech Recognition, Comprehension, and Listening Effort in Cochlear-Implant Users.Trends in hearingFor cochlear-implant users, more active electrodes did not improve sentence repetition or rhyme-task response times. They did improve sentence understanding and response speed on a true/false task.
• OTQualitative2020'Conflict versus Congruence': A Qualitative Study Exploring the Experience of Gender Dysphoria for Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersTen autistic adults with gender dysphoria described autism as both a barrier to accessing support and a protector against societal judgment. They reported that structured, predictable clinical environments and peer connections were essential for reducing distress and enabling transition.
• PTOther2020Athletic event-specific characteristics in floating toes during the static standing posture.Journal of physical therapy scienceKendo athletes had the lowest toe-contact scores in standing; all other groups scored higher, and no group was normal. Barefoot training was not linked to better toe contact.