SLPOtherAutism : the international journal of research and practice2020

The Witness-Aimed First Account (WAFA): A new technique for interviewing autistic witnesses and victims.

Katie Maras, Coral Dando, Heather Stephenson and 3 others

PMID 32168990

WHAT IT FOUND

In mock crime videos, autistic and non-autistic witnesses who first named separate topics, then recalled each topic, gave more correct details and were more accurate than after standard free recall.

Errors did not change.

Key findings

01The Witness-Aimed First Account (WAFA) interview produced more correct details than a control interview (mean 121.73 vs 105.48).

02WAFA interviews also produced higher accuracy (mean 0.89 vs 0.84), but did not reduce incorrect details.

03Autistic witnesses recalled fewer correct details overall than non-autistic witnesses (mean 105.33 vs 122.78), but accuracy did not differ by group.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for SLPs

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What it does not show

The interviews were about short simulated crime videos, not real crimes, real witnesses or victims, or clinical interviews. The delay was only around 30 minutes, which is shorter than most real investigative or clinical interviews. Narrative coherence was not assessed, so the study does not show that WAFA makes accounts more coherent or credible. Participants were matched on vocabulary, matrix reasoning and working memory, so results may not apply to autistic people with intellectual disability. WAFA was delivered as a package of self-segmentation, post-it notes, topic-by-topic recall and follow-up questions; the study cannot separate the contribution of each component. One non-autistic outlier was excluded, and ethnicity, socioeconomic status and education were not recorded. The interviewers were trained research assistants in a laboratory, not police or clinicians.

Declared interests

The authors declared no conflicts of interest. Funding was a BA/Leverhulme Small Research Grant to Dr Katie Maras and Dr Sebastian Gaigg, and an Economic and Social Research Council Future Research Leaders award to Dr Katie Maras.

The easy way to misread this

Do not conclude that WAFA improves real-world testimony, clinical interviewing, or therapy outcomes. It was tested only with short mock crime videos and a 30-minute delay, and it did not assess narrative coherence, credibility, or clinical function.

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