TOPIC

Paediatrics research

Everything we have read on paediatrics. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,466 PAPERS · PAGE 11 OF 50 · NEWEST FIRST

• OTSurvey2019A Description of the Educational Setting Among Individuals With Fragile X Syndrome.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilitiesMost children with Fragile X in this survey spent at least some time in a regular classroom, but caregivers reported many were substantially below grade level, and older males spent less regular classroom time.
• OTRCT2019Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for Children with Developmental Delay: The Role of Sleep Problems.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPIn 44 children with developmental delay, those who received Parent-Child Interaction Therapy had lower parent-reported sleep problems after treatment than waitlisted children. Pretreatment sleep problems did not predict parent-reported behavior improvement, but fewer sleep problems were linked to greater observed compliance gains.
• PTOTSLPOther2019What Drives Detection and Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder? Looking Under the Hood of a Multi-stage Screening Process in Early Intervention.Journal of autism and developmental disordersReferring children for autism assessment based on provider or parent concern, even when screening scores are negative, found more diagnoses per staff hour than relying on positive scores alone. Concern was the stronger driver of engagement and diagnosis than the test results.
• PTOTSystematic Review2019Effects of Dopamine on Motor Recovery and Training in Adults and Children With Nonprogressive Neurological Injuries: A Systematic Review.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairEvidence for dopamine medication was mixed. Some levodopa stroke studies showed motor improvement, but evidence for traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy, and spinal cord injury was weak.
• OTCohort2019Sensory over-responsivity: parent report, direct assessment measures, and neural architecture.Molecular autismParent report and direct observation only partly agreed on children's auditory and tactile over-responsivity. Parent report flagged more children with neurodevelopmental disorders. In 39 boys, three brain tracts showed lower integrity in children who were over-responsive to sound.
• PTOTOther2019Does physical activity differ between youth with and without intellectual disabilities?Disability and health journalYouth with intellectual disabilities averaged 33.5 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity daily versus 46.5 minutes in peers, and only 6% met the 60-minute guideline. Their regular activities were similar or more frequent, especially girls, so low time, not lack of participation, was the pattern.
• PTOTOther2019Relationships between grip strength, dexterity, and fine hand use are attenuated by age in children 3 to 13 years-of-age.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn children 3 to 13, grip strength and fine hand use scores are higher at older ages. After age is accounted for, tests are not strongly related, so one test cannot replace another.
• OTSLPSystematic Review2019The usefulness and acceptability of a personal health record to children and young people living with a complex health condition: A realist review of the literature.Child: care, health and developmentPersonal health records for children and young people were reported to support self-advocacy, knowledge, and communication, but use was uneven and depended on training, clear purpose, and service support.
• OTCase-Control2019Atypical event-related potentials revealed during the passive parts of a Go-NoGo task in autism spectrum disorder: a case-control study.Molecular autismAdolescents with autism had delayed early visual responses and stronger novelty-orientation responses during unstructured pauses in a computer task, despite normal performance when responding. Structured task performance did not reveal these differences.
• OTOther2019Depressive Symptoms and Care Demands Among Primary Caregivers of Young Children with Evidence of Congenital Zika Virus Infection in Brazil.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPCaregivers of children with evidence of congenital Zika who screened positive for developmental delay had higher depression scores and more care demands. Among caregivers without child care support, difficulty covering basic expenses was linked to depression. Home health care hours were not linked to depression.
• OTSLPSurvey2019Flourishing in children with autism spectrum disorders.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchChildren with autism had lower parent-rated social competence and behavioral control than peers, but school motivation was similar. This helps therapists target social and regulation goals, but it does not show treatment works.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2019The Spectrum of Developmental Disability with Zika Exposure: What Is Known, What Is Unknown, and Implications for Clinicians.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPChildren with congenital Zika syndrome often have severe brain, vision, feeding, motor, language, and seizure problems, and hearing impairment is variable. Not all exposed infants are affected. Screening and multidisciplinary follow-up are recommended, but rehabilitation effects are unknown.
• PTOTSLPCohort2019Latent trajectories of adaptive behaviour in infants at high and low familial risk for autism spectrum disorder.Molecular autismInfants at high risk for autism split into three adaptive behaviour trajectories. A small group with initially high scores declined significantly and had higher autism symptom severity. Most maintained stable average skills, while another group started low and recovered to average levels by age two.
• PTOTOther2019Prevalence and goal attainment with spinal orthoses for children with cerebral palsy.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineOnly 251 of 2800 children with CP used spinal orthoses, mostly for function. Functional goals were often attained, but 37% of children with severe scoliosis who had that goal attained deformity prevention.
• OTSLPCohort2019Atypical Response to Caregiver Touch in Infants at High Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersInfants later diagnosed with autism were less likely to look at the source of a caregiver's touch and more likely to look away. This lack of attention at 12 months predicted higher autism symptom severity at follow-up.
• OTSLPNarrative Review2019Digital Media and Autism Spectrum Disorders: Review of Evidence, Theoretical Concerns, and Opportunities for Intervention.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPScreen time duration often looks similar between children with ASD and typically developing school-aged children, but content, bedtime use, and calming routines may matter more. Counsel families on shared use, limits, and teaching kids to resist sticky apps.
• OTQualitative2018Play, Playfulness, and Self-Efficacy: Parental Experiences with Children on the Autism Spectrum.Occupational therapy internationalParents of children on the autism spectrum described play encounters as easier when they followed the child's interests and let the child lead. They felt competent when play brought joy, but found pretend play harder to sustain.
• OTMeta-Analysis2018Cognitive Rehabilitation of Adaptive Behavior in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Meta-Analysis.Occupational therapy internationalCognitive rehabilitation programs improved adaptive behavior in children with neurodevelopmental disorders, with a moderate overall benefit across 6 randomized trials of 544 children. The programs differed, so this supports trying cognitive rehabilitation, not one specific method.
• PTOTQualitative2018Development of the Pediatric Disability Inventory-Patient Reported Outcome (PEDI-PRO) measurement conceptual framework and item candidates.Scandinavian journal of occupational therapyYouth with developmental disabilities could describe difficult functional tasks when tied to familiar everyday situations, such as shopping or working at a job. Researchers used this to draft PEDI-PRO items. The measure is not yet validated.
• OTQualitative2018Through the Looking Glass: Parental Group Experiences Observing Sensory Motor Therapy.Occupational therapy internationalParents who watched their children's sensory motor group therapy behind a one-way mirror described feeling supported, less alone, and better able to copy therapist strategies at home. They valued comparing their child with peers and discussing observations with therapists.
• OTOther2019Reliability of Informant-Report Measures of Executive Functioning in Children With Down Syndrome.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilitiesMany school-age children with Down syndrome were rated by parents and teachers as having clinically concerning executive functioning, especially working memory and monitoring. Their ratings did not agree strongly, so home and school views are both useful.
• OTSurvey2018Facilitators and Barriers of Assistive Technology and Learning Environment for Children with Special Needs.Occupational therapy internationalStudents with different disabilities saw the same assistive technology and school environment as help or barrier. Wheelchairs were seen as helpful for students with physical disability, while slopes were seen as barriers for students with visual disability. Check each child's needs before choosing equipment.
• OTSLPQualitative2019Mapping the Autistic Advantage from the Accounts of Adults Diagnosed with Autism: A Qualitative Study.Autism in adulthoodAutistic adults described focus, memory, attention to detail and honesty as helpful, but the same traits often caused problems depending on context, control and others' views.
• OTOther2018Temporal differences in eye-hand coordination between children and adults during manual action on objects.Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOTEight-year-olds rely more on vision than adults when handling objects. They keep their eyes on the task longer because their touch-based feedback system is less developed. This suggests therapists should assess somatosensory processing, not just visual-motor skills, in children with coordination difficulties.
• OTRCT2018A Feasibility RCT Evaluating a Play-Informed, Caregiver-Implemented, Home-Based Intervention to Improve the Play of Children Who Are HIV Positive.Occupational therapy internationalA caregiver-led home play programme did not improve playfulness scores more than standard one-on-one therapy. The main finding was that children with HIV struggled most with shared control and pretend play, despite being motivated to engage.
• OTSystematic Review2019Effectiveness of paediatric occupational therapy for children with disabilities: A systematic review.Australian occupational therapy journalTop-down, activity-based interventions like CO-OP and CIMT have strong evidence for children with disabilities, while bottom-up approaches like NDT and sensory integration lack it. Parent-led home programs are as effective as therapist-delivered care.
• OTSLPCohort2019Behavioral Health Service Utilization and Unmet Need After Traumatic Brain Injury in Childhood.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPYears after injury, children with traumatic brain injury had higher rates of behavioral health need than those with other injuries, but service use did not differ. Across all groups, 77% of those needing care were not receiving it. Race predicted access, with white children having higher unmet need.
• PTOTOther2019Sensory Processing and Maladaptive Behavior: Profiles Within the Down Syndrome Phenotype.Physical & occupational therapy in pediatricsParent reports showed children with Down syndrome who seemed hard to engage or sought intense sensory experiences had more disruptive and self-absorbed behavior. This was an association, not proof that changing sensory experiences would change behavior.
• PTOTOther2019Physical fitness and executive functions in adolescents: cross-sectional associations with academic achievement.Journal of physical therapy scienceSeveral fitness scores related to school grades and some executive-function scores in 713 adolescents. Balance did not relate to grades, and this cannot show fitness improves grades.
• OTCohort2019Co-occurrence of Sensory Overresponsivity with Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Childhood and Early Adolescence.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPSensory overresponsivity was linked to OCD symptoms at the same age, not to later OCD symptoms. Tactile and auditory symptoms were associated with concurrent OCD symptoms at ages 8 and 13.
• OTPilot2019The role of sleep deficiency in the trajectory of postconcussive symptoms in adolescents.Brain injuryPostconcussive symptoms reduced over the first 3 weeks and at 3 months, while watch-measured sleep duration shortened. Early insomnia symptoms were associated with worse postconcussive symptoms at 3 months. This pilot cannot show treating sleep improves recovery.
• OTOther2019Validation of the Revised Knox Preschool Play Scale for the Brazilian Population.Occupational therapy internationalBrazilian Revised Knox Preschool Play Scale gave mixed results. Many play items were rated clearly, but some were not rated the same by two raters or did not score consistently. Therapists should not rely on it without item review.
• OTQualitative2019"Together on the Way": Occupational Therapy in Mainstream Education-A Narrative Study of Emerging Practice in Switzerland.Occupational therapy internationalFive Swiss occupational therapists working in mainstream schools described their role as bridging the health and education systems. They focused on school-related occupations like handwriting or play to facilitate participation, emphasizing collaboration with teachers over direct clinical treatment.
• OTSurvey2019Occupational Therapy Practice in Mainstream Schools: Results from an Online Survey in Switzerland.Occupational therapy international97% of Swiss pediatric occupational therapists collaborated with schools, but only 48% provided direct mainstream school services. Those services were mostly paid by health or disability insurance, relied on nonstandardized evaluation, and focused on school environment.
• OTSurvey2019Children with Tourette Syndrome in the United States: Parent-Reported Diagnosis, Co-Occurring Disorders, Severity, and Influence of Activities on Tics.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPParents of 115 children with Tourette syndrome reported that 82.3% noticed tics by age 8, 50.4%, or half, saw three or more providers before diagnosis, and 84.6%, or most children, had at least one other mental, behavioral, or developmental disorder.
• PTOTRCT2020One-Year Comparison of a Community-Based Exercise Program Versus a Day Hospital-Based Exercise Program on Quality of Life and Mental Health in Severely Burned Children.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationBoth community-based and day-hospital exercise programs improved quality of life and physical function in severely burned children, with no significant difference between the two groups. Parents reported more emotional and social improvements in the community group, but overall outcomes were similar.
• PTOTOther2019Upper limb impairments, process skills, and outcome in children with unilateral cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyIn 108 children with one-sided cerebral palsy, upper limb strength and movement control, plus task planning and organization, were most strongly tied to self-care independence. Better affected-hand sensation supported manual ability, while spasticity was less directly linked.
• PTOTCohort2019Emergency department utilization among pediatric spina bifida patients.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineChildren with spina bifida, especially those with higher lesion levels, used the emergency department frequently. Shunt concerns drove most visits, but only 10% of those with shunt complaints had a malfunction. Urinary issues were the most common reason for hospital admission.
• OTQualitative2019A Service User Perspective Informing the Role of Occupational Therapy in School Transition Practice for High School Learners with TBI: An African Perspective.Occupational therapy internationalMost adolescents with TBI and their caregivers said school reentry was poorly prepared and poorly supported. They wanted clear communication between health and school, practical accommodations, emotional support, accessible buildings, and timely funding.
• PTOTQualitative2019Culture, Health, Function, and Participation Among American Indian and Alaska Native Children and Youth With Disabilities: An Exploratory Qualitative Analysis.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationFamilies said American Indian and Alaska Native children with disabilities often watched cultural events instead of taking part, because terrain, equipment, and transport blocked them. Providers did not ask about these cultural participation needs.
• OTSurvey2020The effects of service dogs on psychosocial health and wellbeing for individuals with physical disabilities or chronic conditions.Disability and rehabilitationPeople with a service dog reported better overall psychosocial health, including emotional, social, and work or school functioning, than people waiting for one. It was not associated with anger, companionship, or sleep.
• OTQualitative2019"Knocking on Doors that Don't Open": experiences of caregivers of children living with disabilities in Iquitos and Lima, Peru.Disability and rehabilitationCaregivers and key informants in Peru described little emotional or tangible support at diagnosis, confusing access to services, and stigma. They wanted caregiver support groups, clearer routes to help, and community education. No treatment outcomes were measured.
• OTOther2019Reliability and responsiveness of the Jebsen-Taylor Test of Hand Function and the Box and Block Test for children with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyThe Box and Block Test and Jebsen-Taylor Test gave stable scores over 2 weeks, except the Box and Block Test on the more affected hand. They changed after 90 hours of intensive bimanual therapy. Over 120 days without therapy, scores were not stable.
• OTNarrative Review2019Obstetric management, tests, and technologies that impact childhood development.Developmental medicine and child neurologyNeonatal hypoglycemia was associated with poorer executive function and visual motor function at 4 years 6 months, and could influence later learning.
• PTOTSLPCohort2019Risk Markers for Not Returning to Work Among Patients with Acquired Brain Injury: A Population-Based Register Study.Journal of occupational rehabilitationOne year after brain injury, women, people born outside Sweden, lower education, aphasia, long hospital stays, mobility or self-care problems, pain, anxiety/depression, and lower satisfaction with rehabilitation process or planning were at higher risk of not returning to work.
• OTCohort2019Parenting Behaviors after Moderate - Severe Traumatic Injury in Early Childhood.Developmental neurorehabilitationAcross broad parenting styles, injury type did not predict change. Parents of children with severe or moderate TBI reported declining warmth and involvement over years, while permissive and authoritarian behaviors fell in all groups.
• OTSLPSurvey2020Elopement Patterns and Caregiver Strategies.Journal of autism and developmental disorders96% of respondents had used elopement prevention strategies, and 94% found at least one good or very good, but 68% rated overall burden high or very high. Parent-reported medication effects for elopement were poor on average and had frequent side effects.
• OTSurvey2020Needs of Grandparents of Preschool-Aged Children with ASD in Sweden.Journal of autism and developmental disordersGrandparents of preschool children with autism in Sweden most needed information on helping the grandchild develop skills and manage behaviour. They also wanted guidance on communicating with teachers and accessing family counselling. Needs did not vary by age, gender, education, health, distance or contact.
• OTCohort2020Parenting styles as a predictor of long-term psychosocial outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in early childhood.Disability and rehabilitationYears after early severe brain injury, children had worse behaviour, social skills, and everyday planning and self-control than children with bone injuries. Later parenting mattered: permissive parenting linked to worse outcomes, authoritative to better social and planning skills.
• OTSLPCohort2019Mortality in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: Predictors over a 20-year period.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn adults and adolescents with autism, poorer health, lower daily living independence, and greater early social reciprocity impairment predicted higher mortality risk over 20 years. Deaths were premature, but this is an association, not proof treatment changes survival.