THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 575 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• SLPOther2025Autistic people differ from non-autistic people subjectively, but not objectively in their reasoning.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic adults reported relying less on intuition than non-autistic adults, but this did not match their test performance. When groups were matched for cognitive ability, there was no objective difference in reasoning style or moral decision-making.
• SLPCohort2025Use of telemediated caregiver coaching to increase access to naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions within a statewide early intervention system.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceFamilies who received telehealth caregiver coaching reported better child communication and language after services. Caregivers and early intervention providers rated the coaching acceptable, but the study had no comparison group.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025The impact of mobilization training time during the first postoperative week on the length of hospital stay in postoperative patients admitted to an intensive care unit.Journal of rehabilitation medicineMore mobilization training in the first week after surgery linked to shorter hospital stays. Each extra hour of sitting, standing, or walking during therapy associated with 4.02 fewer days in hospital. Total therapy time did not predict stay length once patient severity was adjusted.
• SLPCohort2025The everyday speech environments of preschoolers with and without cochlear implants.Journal of child languagePreschoolers with cochlear implants hear similar amounts of speech and engage in as many conversational turns as their hearing peers. However, unlike hearing children, their language environment does not grow richer with age, and their own vocal output is less responsive to caregiver interaction.
• PTOther2025A deep learning model for assistive decision-making during robot-aided rehabilitation therapies based on therapists' demonstrations.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA robot model learned when one therapist helped eight patients during point-to-point arm exercises. It timed assistance better than a rule that waited a set time, but it was not tested live or shown to improve recovery.
• Pilot2025Multi-faceted sensory substitution using wearable technology for curb alerting: a pilot investigation with persons with blindness and low vision.Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technologyIn people with blindness or low vision, beeps plus sonification or speech let them stop farther from curbs than a white cane alone. Orientation to the curb was similar. This is early wearable assistive technology, not evidence to change routine care.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2025Efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation interventions on cognitive impairment: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationrTMS improved language and executive function scores in people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment, but evidence quality was low and effects varied widely between patients. tDCS showed no consistent benefit for global cognition, attention, or mood symptoms.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2025Parent concerns prior to an assessment of autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceParents' concerns before an autism assessment vary widely. Speech and language issues were the most common concern across all studies, ranging from 27% to 84%. However, social concerns were much more frequent in older children, while parents of children later diagnosed with other conditions focused more on behaviour and medical issues.
• PTOTCohort2025Machine learning techniques for independent gait recovery prediction in acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA machine learning model predicted independent walking recovery in stroke patients more accurately than standard statistics. It relied on the Timed Up and Go test, brain scan markers, and cognitive scores to identify those likely to recover gait by 90 or 180 days.
• PTOTCohort2025Natural history of gait patterns in untreated children with bilateral cerebral palsy in a low-income country setting.Developmental medicine and child neurologyUntreated children with bilateral cerebral palsy show highly variable gait patterns, but hip and knee movement ranges decrease with age. This supports prioritizing interventions to maintain hip and knee extension, rather than assuming a uniform progression from equinus to crouch gait.
• SLPOther2024A Time-Saving Alternative to "Peak-Picking" Algorithms: A Gaussian Mixture Model Feature Extraction Technique for the Neurodiagnostic Auditory Brainstem Response.Ear and hearingA new computer method fits auditory brainstem response waves with 99% success, matching human experts. It saves time on large datasets and handles overlapping waves better than manual clicking, though it still needs manual setup for new recording types.
• SLPCohort2024Factors Associated with Caregivers' Decisions to Pursue a Diagnostic Evaluation After a Positive Autism Screen in Primary Care.Journal of autism and developmental disordersEven when barriers like cost and language were removed, Black families were less likely to pursue autism evaluation after a positive screen. Spanish-speaking families had high uptake. Child sex, income, and screen severity did not predict who followed up.
• SLPSurvey2024Survey of collaboration supporting students who are deaf and hard of hearing.Journal of deaf studies and deaf educationEducational audiologists and teachers of students who are deaf or hard of hearing overwhelmingly value collaboration, viewing it as essential for student success and job ease. However, limited time and resources remain the primary barrier, with many professionals lacking direct access to one another.
• SLPCase Series2024Dysphagia in Open Partial Horizontal Laryngectomy Type IIa: Quantitative Analysis of Videofluoroscopy using the ASPEKT Method.DysphagiaTen patients after partial laryngectomy showed poor pharyngeal constriction and heavy residue in the pyriform sinuses, despite prolonged airway closure acting as a compensation. This highlights specific efficiency deficits for targeted therapy rather than general weakness.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2024Global State of the Art and Science of Childhood Dysphagia: Similarities and Disparities in Burden.DysphagiaThis review maps the rising burden of childhood dysphagia, noting it affects 2-4% of US children under 5 and up to 99% of those with cerebral palsy. It argues that care must be multidisciplinary and tailored to the whole child, not just the swallow.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024Dysphagia Assessments as Criteria in the 'Decision-Making Process' for Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Placement in People with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.DysphagiaDysphagia is a common trigger for PEG placement in ALS, but the tools used to measure it vary widely across studies. There is no single agreed-upon assessment or threshold. Clinicians must rely on multidisciplinary judgment rather than a specific test score to decide when to insert a feeding tube.
• SLPOther2024Prevalence of Dysphagia and Risk of Malnutrition in Elderly Living in Nursing Homes.DysphagiaAbout one-third of screened nursing home residents had dysphagia, and one-fifth were at risk of malnutrition. However, self-reported swallowing problems did not correlate with objective screening scores, meaning residents often miss their own difficulties.
• SLPOther2024Peripheral Neural Synchrony in Postlingually Deafened Adult Cochlear Implant Users.Ear and hearingPoorer neural synchrony predicted worse gap detection and greater speech-in-noise difficulty at +5 dB SNR, but not raw word scores in quiet or noise. A new noninvasive measure links cochlear nerve timing to temporal processing, not overall speech recognition.
• Other2024Superior temporal sulcus folding, functional network connectivity, and autistic-like traits in a non-clinical population.Molecular autismIn 250 healthy adults, higher self-reported autistic-like traits were related to brain folding differences and to how brain regions involved in social perception worked together at rest. This is a brain finding, not a diagnosis or treatment effect.
• SLPCohort2024Idiosyncratic pupil regulation in autistic children.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchAutistic children showed more idiosyncratic pupil responses to movies than typically developing children. This variability was consistent across repeated viewings and was not explained by differences in gaze or baseline pupil size.
• SLPSurvey2024The Psychological Impacts of Pill Dysphagia: A Mixed Methods Study.DysphagiaAfter accounting for self-rated health, health conditions, and pill frequency, pill-swallowing difficulty did not predict wellbeing scores; older adults still described anxiety, choking fear, and disrupted routines.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Cerebral palsy characteristics in term-born children with and without detectable perinatal risk factors: A cross-sectional study.Developmental medicine and child neurologyTerm-born children with cerebral palsy and no detectable perinatal risk factors had milder motor and communication impairments than those with risk factors. They were more likely to have unilateral spastic CP and focal brain injuries, particularly venous stroke, despite normal birth histories.
• SLPOther2025Validity and Reliability of the Swedish Version of the Gugging Swallowing Screen for use in Acute Stroke Care.DysphagiaThe Swedish Gugging Swallowing Screen flagged 100% of patients with FEES-confirmed aspiration risk and 80.8% of patients with FEES-confirmed dysphagia. Nurses and SLPs agreed substantially when using it.
• PTOTPilot2025PhantomAR: gamified mixed reality system for alleviating phantom limb pain in upper limb amputees-design, implementation, and clinical usability evaluation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationEight transradial amputees used a mixed-reality virtual arm for one session and reported less phantom limb pain, with high usability. No control group means this shows feasibility, not proof it works.
• PTOTSLPPilot2025Can muscle synergies shed light on the mechanisms underlying motor gains in response to robot-assisted gait training in children with cerebral palsy?Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobot gait training improved gross motor function and gait quality in children with cerebral palsy, but changes in muscle coordination patterns did not reliably predict who improved. One child showed a clear link between better coordination and gains, but this was not seen across the group.
• OTSLPSystematic Review2025A systematic review: Which psycho-social-environmental factors do autistic students identify as being important for positive experiences in mainstream secondary school?Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic students prioritise understanding from adults, peer acceptance, and agency over sensory needs. They benefit from predictable environments, shared interests, and tools to communicate limits. Support should be tailored to fluctuating needs and respect boundaries to avoid negative peer judgement.
• PTOTCohort2025Etiological factors and clinical outcomes in extracapsular and intracapsular hip fractures among older adults: A gender-specific analysis.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationOlder women with extracapsular hip fractures are significantly less likely to return home and more likely to need rehabilitation or readmission than those with intracapsular fractures. Men with the same fracture types showed no difference in discharge outcomes. Risk factors for severe fractures differed by gender.
• PTPilot2025A Tablet-Based Technology for Objective Exercise Monitoring in Vestibular Rehabilitation: Mixed Methods Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesTen people with dizziness completed VestAid tablet gaze exercises and strongly agreed instructions were clear and the app was easy to use. This supports feasibility, not proof that VestAid improves adherence or outcomes.
• SLPOther2025Language Dependency of /s/ Production: Native Dutch Versus Non-Native English.Language and speechDutch speakers' /s/ sounds change acoustically when they switch to English. Center of gravity and spectral shape shifted, while dispersion remained stable on average. Individual variation was high, meaning these acoustic features are unreliable for comparing speakers across languages.
• SLPCohort2025Investigating Linguistic Alignment in Collaborative Dialogue: A Study of Syntactic and Lexical Patterns in Middle School Students.Language and speechMiddle school students aligned more with their own speech than with their partners. Self-alignment on non-task words predicted higher partner satisfaction, while self-alignment on syntax predicted lower satisfaction. Partner alignment showed no significant link to satisfaction.
• SLPCohort2025Language barriers and mental health problems of preschool children born very preterm in Germany.Developmental medicine and child neurologyChildren born very preterm whose first language is far from German had slightly higher behavioural and emotional problems at age 5. Immigrant status alone was not linked to these problems. Language barriers, not migration background, appear to be the key factor.
• SLPCohort2025Negative effects on oral motor function after submandibular and parotid botulinum neurotoxin A injections for drooling in children with developmental disabilities.Developmental medicine and child neurologyChildren receiving concurrent submandibular and parotid botulinum toxin A injections for drooling experienced negative oral motor effects at a similar frequency to those receiving submandibular injections alone. However, a higher proportion of these effects were classified as moderate rather than mild, requiring clinical management such as medication or feeding adjustments.
• PTOTSystematic Review2025Aquatic exercise interventions in the treatment of musculoskeletal upper extremity disorders: A scoping review.Clinical rehabilitationAquatic exercise for upper limb issues is almost exclusively studied in shoulder conditions, especially after rotator cuff repair. It is rarely delivered alone, usually mixed with land-based therapy, manual work, or injections. We cannot tell if the water itself adds benefit, and reporting is too poor to guide practice.
• SLPOther2025Exploring the effectiveness of the Pragmatic Intervention Programme (PICP) with children with autism spectrum disorder and developmental language disorder: A non-randomised controlled trial.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAfter 24 one-hour speech therapy sessions, the 22 children in the intervention group with autism or developmental language disorder were rated by parents and educators as meeting at least two of three individual pragmatic goals. Parent and educator reports and language scores also improved.
• SLPOther2025Characterizing the Validity of Using VASES to Derive DIGEST-FEES Grades.Folia phoniatrica et logopaedica : official organ of the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP)Speech-language pathologists can use VASES ratings to derive DIGEST-FEES grades with almost perfect agreement to the original method. This saves time by avoiding double-rating swallows, though the grades are not identical and may shift slightly in severity.
• OTSLPQualitative2025'I wouldn't want one or the other': Understanding parents' preferences for direct support or parent coaching for young autistic children.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceParents valued both direct therapy and parent coaching but preferred direct support when forced to choose. They found coaching overwhelming or stressful, while direct therapy relieved them of the pressure to deliver treatment themselves and appeared to benefit the child more.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2025Characterizing the attitudes, proficiency, and usage patterns for daily technology among older adults with a cognitive impairment.Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technologyOlder adults with mild cognitive impairment, traumatic brain injury, or post-stroke cognitive impairment reported positive attitudes and proficiency with technology. They used social and domestic tools most often, but transportation and leisure technologies least. Age was a barrier, while interest and comfort predicted usage.
• OTRCT2025Coming to my own wisdom: A qualitative study exploring the role of the Take Charge intervention in stroke recovery.Clinical rehabilitationStroke survivors who received Take Charge said being listened to and setting their own goals helped them regain confidence. Control participants also took charge, but did not describe feeling heard or speak with the same hope.
• SLPOther2024Hypothesis Tests for Continuous Audiometric Threshold Data.Ear and hearingFor hearing-threshold studies, using both ears together in one analysis was less likely to wrongly find or miss associations than using one ear or separate frequency tests. The simulation and real-data example supported this approach.
• PTCase Report2024Case Report: Rehabilitation of a giant meniscus cyst with a mixed tear.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesOne man underwent arthroscopic cyst removal, meniscus repair, sodium hyaluronate injection and staged rehabilitation. At 16 weeks he had no knee tenderness and met criteria to resume normal life. This is one recovery, not proof any component works.
• Other2024Characterizing genetic pathways unique to autism spectrum disorder at multiple levels of biological analysis.Molecular autismThis paper analyzes genetic data to separate autism-specific biological markers from those shared with ADHD. It reports no clinical trials, patient outcomes, or therapeutic interventions, so there is nothing here to change daily therapy practice.
• SLPCohort2024Prediction of Oral Intake at Discharge with Early Assessment of Swallowing Function within 24 h after Admission: A Retrospective Cohort Study.DysphagiaHigher early swallowing scores in acute stroke were associated with eating at discharge. The score cutoff for all patients was 136.5, and 124.5 was the cutoff for patients who were not independent at admission.
• SLPCase Report2024A demonstration of incorporating discriminative stimuli into an AAC device during functional communication training.Augmentative and alternative communication (Baltimore, Md. : 1985)Adding colored icons to an AAC app helped one non-speaking teen with severe behaviors distinguish when requests would be honored. He reduced aggression and increased correct requests, but this was a single case and requires more testing before generalizing.
• Cohort2024Prenatal Cannabis Use and Offspring Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Disruptive Behavior Disorders: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPPrenatal cannabis use was not associated with increased risk of offspring ADHD or disruptive behavior disorders. Fully adjusted models showed no significant increase in ADHD risk and a lower risk of disruptive behavior disorders, likely due to detection bias rather than protection.
• OTPilot2024Preliminary development and evaluation of a mechanical handwriting assistive device to support individuals with movement disorders.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA mechanical pen holder helped six people with movement disorders write more legibly and faster. It stabilized the pen orientation and dampened tremors. The device is a prototype, so this shows potential rather than proven clinical effectiveness.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Developmental trajectories in infants and pre-school children with Neurofibromatosis 1.Molecular autismChildren with NF1 showed slower cognitive and motor development from 5 months, with clear differences by 24 months. Autism traits were high at 24 months but dropped at 36 months, likely due to remote testing. Screen and refer for intervention by age 2.
• Other2025Collaborative capacity building for strengthening rehabilitation services in Sabah, Malaysia: a partnership between university hospital and state health department.Journal of rehabilitation medicineThis paper describes a partnership to build rehabilitation infrastructure in Sabah, Malaysia. It outlines plans for training therapists and setting up community clinics, but reports no patient outcomes. There is no evidence here that these new services improve health.
• PTOTRCT2025Cardiopulmonary exercise tests in people with chronic stroke: Interpretation and clinical application.Clinical rehabilitationMost treadmill exercise tests in chronic stroke stop due to walking problems, not heart or lung limits. Only 1.9% met criteria for a true maximal effort. Peak oxygen consumption from these tests likely underestimates fitness. Consider alternative modalities or clinical judgment for training intensity.
• SLPOther2025A Tool for the Assessment of Swallowing Safety and Efficiency in Adults: Turkish Adaptation of Boston Residue and Clearance Scale.DysphagiaFive speech therapists reliably scored residue locations on 102 videos of 25 stroke patients using the Turkish Boston Residue and Clearance Scale. The tool consistently identified residue in three areas: the laryngeal vestibule, hypopharynx, and oropharynx. It requires frame-by-frame review.
• SLPSurvey2025Multiple-Community-Based Epidemiological Study of Stuttering among 3-Year-Old Children in Japan.Folia phoniatrica et logopaedica : official organ of the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP)At Japan's 3-year health checkups, 6.5% of children were stuttering and 8.9% had begun stuttering by the checkup. Family history, guardian concern, and diagnosed conditions were linked to stuttering.