THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 436 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• OTCohort2022Impact of Disclosure over Time on the Emotional Well-Being of Children with Perinatally Acquired HIV Infection in South Africa.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPGradual HIV disclosure with caregiver support did not appear to worsen emotional well-being over 18 months. Depression, anxiety, and behavior scores stayed low or decreased; HIV medicine adherence did not change.
• SLPOther2022AudioChip: A Deep Phenotyping Approach for Deconstructing and Quantifying Audiological Phenotypes of Self-Reported Speech Perception Difficulties.Ear and hearingNormal-hearing young adults with speech-in-noise complaints showed varied physiological profiles. Brainstem response timing and amplitude correlated with self-reported difficulty, but noise exposure history did not predict these neural measures in this small, female-only sample.
• PTCohort2022Normalized Isometric Shoulder Strength as a Predictor of Ball Velocity in Youth Baseball Players.International journal of sports physical therapyNormalizing shoulder strength by ulnar length is the most reliable method for tracking changes in youth baseball players. This method, along with height normalization, shows that dominant shoulder strength predicts ball velocity, with scaption and external rotation at 0 degrees being the strongest predictors.
• PTCohort2022Analysis of Calcaneal Bone Mineral Density (cBMD) in Healthy College Students.International journal of sports physical therapyHealthy college women had lower heel bone density than female athletes, but activity levels did not predict density. Earlier menstruation linked to higher density, while amenorrhea linked to stress fractures. Men showed no density difference between athletes and non-athletes.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Sociodemographic and Biomedical Correlates of Developmental Delay in 2- and 4-Year-Olds with Sickle Cell Disease.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPIn children with sickle cell disease, risk factors for developmental delay shift with age. Private insurance and professional daycare were protective in two-year-olds, while severe disease and abnormal stroke screening were linked to delay in four-year-olds.
• SLPCohort2022White matter correlates of sensorimotor synchronization in persistent developmental stuttering.Journal of communication disordersAdults who stutter showed different brain wiring for timing tasks than fluent speakers. In those who stuttered, better synchronization to a beat was linked to cerebellar connections, whereas in fluent speakers it was linked to frontal-temporal connections. This suggests stutterers may rely more on the cerebellum for timing.
• PTPilot2022Effectiveness of a Shoulder Exercise Program in Division I Collegiate Baseball Players During the Fall Season.International journal of sports physical therapyA two-month shoulder exercise program improved horizontal adduction range of motion and external rotation surplus in collegiate baseball players. However, external rotation strength decreased. The program did not improve internal rotation range of motion or total range of motion.
• PTOTSurvey2022Prevalence of Risk Factors of the Female Athlete Triad among Young Elite Athletes of Pakistan.International journal of sports physical therapyHalf of 60 elite female athletes in Pakistan showed risk for eating disorders, and 83.3% reported disordered eating behaviors. Menstrual irregularity was less common. No athlete met criteria for all three female athlete triad components, so the full syndrome was rare in this sample.
• PTOTSurvey2022Exploration of service centres for older persons in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa.The South African journal of physiotherapyMost older people attending these rural centres were independent and socially active, but few had access to health screening. Managers lacked formal training, and only one centre had on-site nursing staff.
• PTCohort2022Musculoskeletal Imaging for Low Back Pain in Direct Access Physical Therapy Compared to Primary Care: An Observational Study.International journal of sports physical therapyDirect-access physical therapists ordered imaging within 28 days of low back pain diagnosis in 3.3% of visits, compared to 18.0% in primary care. They waited significantly longer before imaging but showed no difference in clinically significant findings or specialist referrals.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2021Analysis of the SPARK study COVID-19 parent survey: Early impact of the pandemic on access to services, child/parent mental health, and benefits of online services.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchFamilies of children with autism reported severe service disruptions, especially for speech, OT, and PT. Parents of younger children and those with greater impairments or language delays saw the least benefit from online services. Low-income families hoped for future online options.
• PTSLPOther2021Evaluating a Speech-Specific and a Computerized Step-Training-Specific Rhythmic Intervention in Parkinson's Disease: A Cross-Over, Multi-Arms Parallel Study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesBoth rhythmic speech and rhythmic step training improved speech and gait in Parkinson's patients, with no difference between the two. Untreated patients worsened over six months. Neither intervention restored performance to healthy control levels.
• SLPQualitative2021Knowledge and Challenges Associated With Hearing Impairment in Affected Individuals From Cameroon (Sub-Saharan Africa).Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesHearing impairment was described as a speech and communication disability, and stigma, cost, and missing sign language support limited education, work, and daily independence.
• SLPCohort2021Clustering and switching in verbal fluency: a comparison between control and individuals with brain damage.CoDASPatients with left-hemisphere damage and aphasia scored lowest on verbal fluency tasks, producing fewer words, clusters, and switches than all other groups. Right-hemisphere patients showed specific deficits in switching between categories despite normal total word counts.
• SLPCohort2021Prevalence of malocclusion in early childhood and its associated factors in a primary care service in Brazil.CoDASIn toddlers aged roughly two years, 53.4% had malocclusion. Children who never breastfed or who always used a pacifier to sleep had significantly higher rates. These habits are modifiable targets for early prevention.
• SLPCohort2021Factors Influencing Oral Bolus Hold Type: Tipper or Dipper.Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groupsMost healthy adults hold a liquid bolus on the tongue tip (tipper), but holding it under the tongue (dipper) is also normal. Dipper patterns were more common in men and adults over 50. Clinicians should not label a dipper hold as abnormal if the patient moves the bolus effectively.
• Narrative Review2021DXA-Derived Adiposity and Lean Indices for Management of Cardiometabolic and Musculoskeletal Frailty: Data Interpretation Tricks and Reporting Tips.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesDXA can estimate fat and lean mass in obesity and sarcopenia, but BMI alone may miss excess adiposity. Calibration settings change reported values, so serial scans need the same software configuration and measured height, weight, gender, and ethnicity.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Individuals with FOXP1 syndrome present with a complex neurobehavioral profile with high rates of ADHD, anxiety, repetitive behaviors, and sensory symptoms.Molecular autismMost patients with FOXP1 syndrome have ADHD and anxiety, but only 23% receive treatment. Autism scores on standard tests are high, yet clinical consensus diagnoses it in just 24%. Therapists should prioritize managing attention and anxiety symptoms over relying solely on autism screening tools.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2021Countries Response for People With Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesOf 193 UN member states, only 32 issued official government guidance for people with disabilities during the pandemic. Measures varied widely by region and disability type, with significant gaps in long-term rehabilitation care and employment protection.
• OTCohortParent-Reported Social Skills in Children with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Longitudinal Patterns and Relations with Attention and Cognitive Functioning.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPParents reported social skills challenges in 32% of young children and 24% of school-age children with NF1. Early childhood inattention predicted later social difficulties. Cognitive ability did not correlate with social skills. Most children did not have significant social deficits.
• RCTEffect of Brief Training to Identify Autism Spectrum Disorder During Toddler Well-Child Care Visits.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPA brief training for pediatricians did not improve their ability to spot autism or refer toddlers for evaluation. While providers noticed more language and behavioral signs, their overall detection rates and accuracy remained unchanged compared to standard informational training.
• PTOther2022Test-Retest Reliability of the Isometric Soleus Strength Test in Elite Male Academy Footballers.International journal of sports physical therapyThe isometric soleus strength test gave repeatable force scores in 30 elite male footballers when repeated 72 hours apart, so physical therapists can use it to track soleus strength. It does not show the test prevents injury.
• SLPSurvey2022Mental capacity legislation and communication disability: A cross-sectional survey exploring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the provision of specialist decision-making support by UK SLTs.International journal of language & communication disordersMost UK speech therapists felt they met legal requirements for decision-making support during the pandemic, yet 71% believed patients' rights were adversely affected. Therapists reported barriers like PPE and remote working reduced support quality, with many patients excluded from DNACPR decisions.
• SLPCohort2022Early diagnosis of autism in the community is associated with marked improvement in social symptoms within 1-2 years.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceChildren diagnosed with autism before 2.5 years showed much larger improvements in social symptoms within 1-2 years than those diagnosed later. This held true even though both groups received similar amounts of community treatment. Earlier diagnosis appears linked to better social outcomes.
• PTOTCohort2022Muscle synergy structure and gait patterns in children with spastic cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyChildren with cerebral palsy who walked with different gait patterns showed highly similar muscle synergy structures. While specific muscle weights varied, these differences were small and not clearly linked to the gait pattern or walking speed, suggesting individual motor control strategies rather than pattern-specific neural signatures.
• PTSystematic Review2022Physical Therapist and Physical Therapist Student Knowledge, Confidence, Attitudes, and Beliefs About Providing Care for People With Dementia: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review.Physical therapyPhysical therapists and students feel dementia care is complex and lack confidence, especially in communication and behavior management. Most believe dementia patients deserve rehab but doubt their potential to improve. They report insufficient training and unsupportive systems as major barriers to effective care.
• PTOther2022Adaptive treadmill walking encourages persistent propulsion.Gait & postureOn self-paced treadmills, propulsive force changes persist across strides, unlike on fixed-speed machines. This mirrors overground walking mechanics, suggesting self-paced treadmills may better support rehabilitation goals of increasing propulsion and speed.
• SLPOther2022Development and psychometric validation of a questionnaire assessing the impact of tinnitus on significant others.Journal of communication disordersA new 25-item questionnaire reliably measures how tinnitus burdens partners and family members. It distinguishes mild, significant, and severe impact using specific cut-off scores. Use it to identify which significant others need support, as their distress often mirrors the patient's severity.
• PTOTOther2022Injury and Injury Prevention in United States Para Swimming: A Mixed-Methods Approach.International journal of sports physical therapyHalf of surveyed U.S. Para swimmers reported career injuries altering training, mostly shoulder pain. Few used formal prevention programs. Swimmers described unique biomechanical risks and fear that stopping swimming harms daily function more than other athletes.
• PTOther2022Adjacent Joint Restriction Differentially Influences Intra- and Inter-rater Reliability and Agreement of Goniometric Measurements.International journal of sports physical therapyGoniometer measurements were not consistently better or worse when adjacent joints were restricted. When the same rater repeated measurements, reliability stayed good to excellent. Between raters, restriction made some ankle measurements less reliable and some hip and shoulder measurements more reliable.
• SLPOther2021The Impact of Synchronized Cochlear Implant Sampling and Stimulation on Free-Field Spatial Hearing Outcomes: Comparing the ciPDA Research Processor to Clinical Processors.Ear and hearingSynchronized bilateral cochlear implant hardware did not improve sound localization or speech understanding in noise compared to standard unsynchronized processors. Listeners needed higher signal-to-noise ratios to hear speech with the synchronized device, likely due to unfamiliarity and system noise.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Longitudinal Smartphone-Based Post-hospitalisation Symptom Monitoring in SARS-CoV-2 Associated Respiratory Failure: A Multi-Centre Observational Study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesMost hospitalised patients recovered steadily over three months, but those who had an ICU stay showed a distinct flare-up in symptoms and depression around one month after discharge. Clinicians should schedule a systematic assessment at that time to catch this deterioration.
• SLPCohort2021Phonological productive processes in full-term schoolchildren and small for gestational age: a case-control study.CoDASSchool-age children born small for gestational age showed more unexpected speech sound errors affecting syllable structure than those born appropriate for gestational age. However, the study found no overall statistical association between being small for gestational age and having a speech sound disorder.
• SLPOther2021Pitch Accuracy of Vocal Singing in Deaf Children With Bimodal Hearing and Bilateral Cochlear Implants.Ear and hearingChildren with cochlear implants or hearing aids sing with less pitch accuracy than peers with normal hearing. No implant configuration was superior to another. Standard predictors like age at implantation did not predict singing ability, suggesting vocal pitch control relies on different factors than speech perception.
• Case-Control2021How rare and common risk variation jointly affect liability for autism spectrum disorder.Molecular autismASD subjects carried more common genetic risk than controls. Rare damaging variants did not replace common risk. Carriers averaged between non-carriers and controls, which fits a combined genetic risk model.
• SLPRCT2021A randomized controlled trial of intranasal oxytocin in Phelan-McDermid syndrome.Molecular autismIntranasal oxytocin did not improve social withdrawal in children with Phelan-McDermid syndrome compared with placebo over 12 weeks. Secondary measures and the open-label extension were also unchanged.
• PTOTCohort2021Correlates of Objectively Measured Physical Activity Among People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesPeople with progressive MS spent less time in light activity than those with relapsing-remitting MS. Walking impairment predicted less vigorous activity, but only for those with lower disability scores. For those with higher disability scores, walking ability did not predict activity levels.
• SLPCohort2021Prevalence and phenotypic impact of rare potentially damaging variants in autism spectrum disorder.Molecular autismRare potentially damaging variants were found in 27% of Swedish autistic disorder cases with both genetic tests and associated with intellectual disability and epilepsy, not speech/language or motor disorders.
• SLPCohort2021Cholesteatoma Is Associated With Pediatric Progressive Sensorineural Hearing Loss.Ear and hearingCholesteatoma codes were associated with progressive sensorineural hearing loss in children. In the cholesteatoma cohort, bone-conduction thresholds worsened by 10 to 57.5 dB, often from normal, and air-conduction testing alone identified fewer cases.
• PTOTCohort2021The Association Between Sarcopenia and Functional Improvement in Older and Younger Patients Who Completed Inpatient Rehabilitation: A Prospective Cohort Study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesOlder patients with sarcopenia were associated with greater functional improvement during inpatient rehabilitation than older patients without sarcopenia. Younger patients showed no clear difference, and goal attainment scores also showed no clear difference.
• SLPOther2021Developing a Framework for a Remote, International Research Collaboration Among Graduate Students: Lessons Learned During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groupsThis paper describes how three graduate students maintained a research partnership remotely during the pandemic. It offers no clinical findings or evidence to change patient care practices.
• OTSLPSurvey2021The impact of COVID-19 pandemic social restrictions on individuals with autism spectrum disorder and their caregivers in the Stateof Qatar: A cross-sectional study.Research in developmental disabilitiesAggression scores did not clearly change overall during Qatar's COVID-19 restrictions. Yet 24 of 58 caregivers of autistic individuals reported clinically meaningful rises in burden, especially caregivers of adults.
• PTOTSLPOther2021The Impact of Human Service Provider Quality on the Personal Outcomes of People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesHigher quality human service providers are associated with more personal outcomes for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Living in one's own home or with family also linked to better outcomes than provider-owned homes. Therapy services availability associated with more outcomes.
• SLPCohort2021Social Communication and pragmatic skills of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Language Disorder.CoDASParents rated children with autism as having significantly poorer social communication than children with developmental language disorder. Teachers showed a similar trend. Both groups scored lower than typically developing peers, but parents and teachers agreed closely on these deficits.
• Other2021Prediction learning in adults with autism and its molecular correlates.Molecular autismAutistic adults predicted tone-rotation associations as accurately as neurotypicals and updated them after reversals. However, right inferior frontal gyrus glutamate was higher in autism and correlated with lower prediction accuracy. Intolerance of uncertainty did not predict performance.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Critically Examining the Person-Environment Relationship and Implications of Intersectionality for Participation in Children's Rehabilitation Services.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesThis perspective argues that clinicians should look at a child's whole identity and environment together, not just single traits like age or ethnicity. This helps spot hidden barriers to therapy participation. It suggests using family-centered care to co-create solutions and advocate for system changes.
• PTSurvey2022COVID-19: Contrasting experiences of South African physiotherapists based on patient exposure.The South African journal of physiotherapyPhysiotherapists in South Africa who treated or regularly contacted COVID-19 patients reported significantly worse mental health, higher anxiety, depression and burnout, and more maladaptive coping like self-blame than those without exposure. Physical health and resilience scores did not differ between the two groups.
• PTCase Report2022Exploring Inertial-Based Wearable Technologies for Objective Monitoring in Sports-Related Concussion: A Single-Participant Report.Physical therapyA wearable sensor on the lower back tracked gait and sleep in one rugby player recovering from concussion. The device was tolerated and detected step variability changes that the standard paper-based assessment missed. This is a feasibility report, not evidence that the technology improves care.
• PTOTCohort2022Evaluation of unsupervised 30-second chair stand test performance assessed by wearable sensors to predict fall status in multiple sclerosis.Gait & postureWearable sensors tracking chair stands at home over 48 hours detected fall risk in multiple sclerosis better than a single clinic test. Non-fallers performed more repetitions at home than in the lab, while fallers' performance stayed consistent.
• PTCase-Control2022Knee dynamics during take-off and landing in spike jumps performed by volleyball players with patellar tendinopathy.Journal of physical therapy scienceVolleyball players with medial patellar tendinopathy showed no difference in knee angles during jumps. However, their injured knee displayed opposite rotational forces and ground reaction vectors passing laterally, unlike the healthy controls.