THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 353 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• SLPOther2020Population-based age adjustment tables for use in occupational hearing conservation programs.International journal of audiologyCurrent occupational hearing age-adjustment tables overestimate age-related hearing decline. Newer population-based tables matched later hearing changes in workers better and extended beyond the old age limit.
• OTSurvey2020Self-care in caregivers of children with FASD: How do caregivers care for themselves, and what are the benefits and obstacles for doing so?Research in developmental disabilitiesCaregivers who felt more confident in their self-care reported greater satisfaction, lower parental distress, and more family needs met. How often they did self-care did not show the same pattern. Time, resources, and child-care were common obstacles.
• PTSurvey2020Is Symptomatic Fatigue Associated With Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors Among Persons With Multiple Sclerosis?Neurorehabilitation and neural repairAfter accounting for disability and education, fatigued and non-fatigued adults with MS no longer differed in light activity, harder activity, or sitting time. Unadjusted differences existed, but the groups also differed in disability and education.
• OTCohort2020Traumatic brain injury and creative divergent thinking.Brain injuryThe group with moderate-to-severe TBI scored similarly to healthy adults on two tests of generating unusual ideas, despite lower processing speed, set-shifting, and verbal learning scores.
• Narrative Review2020Profiling parvalbumin interneurons using iPSC: challenges and perspectives for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).Molecular autismParvalbumin interneurons are likely disrupted in autism, but current stem cell methods make them too rare and slow to study. New genetic tagging tools could allow real-time tracking of these cells to better understand the biological mechanisms.
• OTRCT2020Improving well-being after traumatic brain injury through volunteering: a randomized controlled trial.Brain injuryA structured volunteering program improved life satisfaction and perceived success in people with traumatic brain injury, but did not reduce anxiety, depression, or overall psychological distress. The benefits appeared after the 18-week intervention and lasted through 6-month follow-up.
• SLPRCT2020Effects of pivotal response treatment on reciprocal vocal contingency in a randomized controlled trial of children with autism spectrum disorder.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceChildren receiving Pivotal Response Treatment plus parent training showed higher vocal reciprocity with adults after 24 weeks compared to controls. No significant difference was found at baseline or after 12 weeks. This suggests the treatment effect on spontaneous speech interaction emerges with sustained intervention.
• SLPOther2020Moving Toward Non-transcription based Discourse Analysis in Stable and Progressive Aphasia.Seminars in speech and languageSome discourse measures may be scored without full transcription and distinguished stable aphasia and PPA from controls. In 15 preliminary participants who received naming therapy and active or sham brain stimulation, accurate main concepts increased.
• OTSLPCohort2020Sluggish cognitive tempo: An examination of clinical correlates for adults with autism.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn young adults with autism, sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms strongly predicted depression but not anxiety. These symptoms were distinct from ADHD hyperactivity but linked to ADHD inattention. Sluggishness predicted poorer performance on complex executive function tasks requiring verbal explanation, but not simpler sorting tasks.
• PTOTPilot2020Online compensation detecting for real-time reduction of compensatory motions during reaching: a pilot study with stroke survivors.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobot force feedback reduced trunk and shoulder compensation during seated reaching more than virtual-reality audiovisual feedback. This was a small feasibility pilot, not evidence of functional recovery.
• PTNarrative Review2020Does low back pain or leg pain in gluteus medius syndrome contribute to lumbar degenerative disease and hip osteoarthritis and vice versa? A literature review.Journal of physical therapy scienceGluteus medius trigger points are described as a common source of low back, leg and hip pain, often alongside greater trochanteric pain, lumbar degeneration and hip osteoarthritis. Hip abductor therapy is suggested, not proven.
• PTOTRCT2020The use of a task through virtual reality in cerebral palsy using two different interaction devices (concrete and abstract) - a cross-sectional randomized study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with cerebral palsy performed better on a virtual task using a motion sensor than a touchscreen, but could not transfer this skill to the touchscreen. The motion sensor allowed gross arm movements, bypassing the fine motor control that the touchscreen demands.
• OTCohort2020Does the child's health influence the caregiver's health using the EQ-5D instruments?The South African journal of physiotherapyCaregivers’ own health ratings did not improve over 3 days, but caregiver-reported child health improved, and the two ratings were closely related on each day.
• SLPSurvey2020A framework of evidence-based practice for digital support, co-developed with and for the autism community.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAn autism community panel agreed that choosing digital supports should check reliability, engagement and effectiveness. For SLPs, it says ask an expert, read academic papers and user reviews. It does not prove any app works.
• Other2020Anxiety and threat-related attentional biases in adolescents with fragile X syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRIn 21 adolescent males with fragile X, anxiety was not linked to bias toward 100% fear faces. On 25% fear faces, age-related change differed: anxiety group showed less bias with age, non-anxiety group showed more.
• SLPMeta-Analysis2020Early Speech and Language Development in Children With Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHRChildren with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate show persistent speech and language delays from toddlerhood through age 8. Receptive language deficits remain even when standardized scores appear normal, so rely on parent reports and naturalistic samples to identify functional issues.
• Other2020Serotonergic innervation of the amygdala is increased in autism spectrum disorder and decreased in Williams syndrome.Molecular autismPostmortem brain tissue showed denser serotonin fibers in the amygdala of people with autism than with Williams syndrome. Neither group differed significantly from neurotypical controls. This describes brain structure, not how to treat patients.
• PTOTCase-Control2020The influence of trunk muscle strength on walking velocity in elderly people with sarcopenia.Journal of physical therapy scienceElderly people with sarcopenia walked significantly slower than those without, despite having similar leg strength. Their trunk extension strength was markedly lower, and they walked with a more forward-leaning posture. Assessing trunk strength may help explain slow walking in sarcopenia.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Trajectories of Change in the Behavioral and Health Phenotype of Adolescents and Adults with Fragile X Syndrome and Intellectual Disability: Longitudinal Trends Over a Decade.Journal of autism and developmental disordersDaily living skills improved through adolescence but plateaued or declined in the 30s. Behavior problems decreased overall but remained clinically significant for many. BMI and health conditions increased steadily over the decade. Higher autism symptoms predicted worse starting independence and behavior.
• SLPOther2020Speech Perception in Classroom Acoustics by Children With Hearing Loss and Wearing Hearing Aids.American journal of audiologyChildren with hearing aids understood speech better as classroom reverberation shortened. Above 90% correct scores were absent in 0.9-s reverberation and appeared at more, and lower, SNRs in 0.3-s reverberation. Sound-booth scores may overestimate classroom ability.
• PTOTRCT2020Composite active range of motion (CXA) and relationship with active function in upper and lower limb spastic paresis.Clinical rehabilitationComposite active range of motion tracked active function after botulinum toxin for spastic paresis only weakly to moderately. Range peaked at week 4, function at week 12. It may help measure movement, but it is not a simple stand-in for functional change.
• SLPCohort2020Low-Frequency Hearing Preservation With Long Electrode Arrays: Inclusion of Unaided Hearing Threshold Assessment in the Postoperative Test Battery.American journal of audiologyCochlear implant recipients with preoperative low-frequency hearing often lost 125-Hz response at activation, but some later thresholds improved into the EAS fitting range. Testing only at activation can miss candidates.
• SLPRCT2019Intervention focus moderates the association between initial receptive language and language outcomes for toddlers with developmental delay.Augmentative and alternative communication (Baltimore, Md. : 1985)For toddlers with developmental delay who were not yet talking, initial understanding strongly predicted later language scores. Among three parent-implemented interventions, input-focused augmented communication linked understanding most strongly to overall expressive language, output-focused linked it to target vocabulary, and spoken-only showed little target vocabulary use.
• SLPSurvey2019Knowledge of final year medicine, pharmacy, audiology and nursing students in South Africa on drug-induced ototoxicity: A pilot study.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsFinal year health students in South Africa often cannot identify signs of drug-induced hearing loss or know when to refer for monitoring. Many believe hearing checks should only happen after treatment ends, missing the window to prevent permanent damage.
• PTOTCase Report2020Robotic rehabilitation of the paralyzed upper limb for a stroke patient using the single-joint hybrid assistive limb: a case study assessed by accelerometer on the wrist.Journal of physical therapy scienceFor a stroke patient, accelerometer counts for the paralyzed left arm were higher after the HAL-SJ phase than before it, while standard arm tests showed no clinically important change. Usual PT, OT, and ST continued throughout, so HAL-SJ alone cannot be credited.
• SLPCohort2020Evaluating the Role of Autistic Traits, Social Anxiety, and Social Network Changes During Transition to First Year of University in Typically Developing Students and Students on the Autism Spectrum.Journal of autism and developmental disordersLower social anxiety across the first year was linked to better university adjustment in both groups. In typically developing students, higher autistic traits linked to poorer social adjustment. Changes in social networks or perceived support were less consistently linked, and the autism group was small.
• PTRCT2020Enhanced rehabilitation guidance after arthroscopic capsulolabral repair of the shoulder: a randomized controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitationAfter shoulder capsulolabral repair, extra home exercises plus physiotherapy control visits did not improve self-reported function, quality of life, range of motion, or strength more than usual home exercise at 12 months.
• SLPOther2020Using AphasiaBank for Discourse Assessment.Seminars in speech and languageAphasiaBank provides automated tools for analyzing discourse in people with aphasia. Main concept checklists and core lexicons allow objective scoring of essential content and typical word usage. CLAN commands automate complex metrics like communicative efficiency and grammatical analysis, reducing transcription time.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2020Physical therapy prehabilitation on a reverse total shoulder replacement candidate: a case study.Journal of physical therapy scienceA single patient with severe shoulder pain and a recommended replacement surgery completed five weeks of physical therapy exercises. He reported improved mobility and pain relief, leading him to indefinitely postpone the operation.
• PTRCT2020The effectiveness of Kinesio Taping® for mobility and functioning improvement in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitationKinesio Taping did not improve knee osteoarthritis symptoms, daily function, sport function, quality of life, range of motion, gait speed or sit-to-stand more than non-specific taping. Both groups improved after four weeks and at one-month follow-up.
• PTOTRCT2020A new lower limb portable exoskeleton for gait assistance in neurological patients: a proof of concept study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFive stroke and MS patients tried a new knee exoskeleton. No falls occurred, but most walked slower with it than without. Users liked its comfort and safety but rated its effectiveness low. This is a safety test, not proof it helps walking.
• PTPilot2020A user-friendly clinical practice guideline summary for managing low back pain in South Africa.The South African journal of physiotherapyEleven South African physiotherapists rated a two-page low back pain guideline summary as acceptable, appropriate and easy to use. It did not test whether following the summary improves patient outcomes.
• SLPNarrative Review2020A Compendium of Core Lexicon Checklists.Seminars in speech and languageCoreLex checklists for aphasia story and picture tasks are now gathered in one place. They can help SLPs track which common words a patient produces, but each checklist was built differently, so choose one that matches the task and patient.
• SLPQualitative2020Peer Relationship Experiences Of Deaf And Hard-Of-Hearing Adolescents.Journal of deaf studies and deaf educationMost deaf and hard-of-hearing adolescents interviewed felt accepted by peers, but many recalled primary-school bullying and said making new friends was harder when others did not know about their hearing loss.
• SLPCohort2020Adult Manifestation of Milder Forms of Autism Spectrum Disorder; Autistic and Non-autistic Psychopathology.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParent and self reports showed more autistic traits in adults with earlier milder autism diagnoses, but most did not meet standard observation criteria. Comorbidity and education were similar, while they used more mental health care and medication.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2020Immediate and Sustained Effects of Interventions for Changing Physical Activity in People with Multiple Sclerosis: Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationInterventions significantly increased physical activity in people with multiple sclerosis, with behavioral coaching alone showing the largest effect. However, gains were smaller when measured by devices rather than self-report, and long-term maintenance data was limited.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Links between self-injury and suicidality in autism.Molecular autismAutistic adults with a history of self-injury reported significantly more suicide ideation and attempts than those without, regardless of whether they viewed their self-injury as a problem. Cutting was associated with higher suicide risk, while hitting or scratching was not.
• SLPNarrative Review2020Can Script Training Improve Narrative and Conversation in Aphasia across Etiology?Seminars in speech and languageScript training improves spoken language in aphasia by turning rehearsed narratives into automatic speech. It works for stroke-induced and progressive aphasia, using video or audio models to guide practice in therapy or at home.
• SLPCase Series2020Efficacy of Group Conversation Intervention in Individuals with Severe Profiles of Aphasia.Seminars in speech and languageFive people with severe aphasia improved on different measures after conversation treatment. Some standardized language gains did not last six weeks, and no single test captured everyone's change. Self-report and conversation measures varied.
• PTOther2020Rehabilitation approaches to anterior knee pain among runners: A scoping review.The South African journal of physiotherapyRunner anterior knee pain non-surgical rehabilitation literature centres on education, gait retraining, hip exercises, foot orthoses and multimodal programmes. It maps these approaches but does not establish which works best.
• SLPCase-Control2020Neural Mechanisms of Social and Nonsocial Reward Prediction Errors in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchAdolescents with autism showed different brain activation when social rewards were unexpected, but not when object rewards were unexpected. Links to reaction time and nonverbal communication skills did not hold after checking many tests. No therapy effect was tested.
• PTRCT2020Is Recovery of Somatosensory Impairment Conditional for Upper-Limb Motor Recovery Early After Stroke?Neurorehabilitation and neural repairUpper-limb motor and somatosensory recovery tracked together early after stroke, but the link disappeared once time since stroke was considered. Severe baseline sensory loss was not clearly linked to poorer motor recovery.
• OTCase-Control2020Brain activation patterns underlying upper limb bilateral motor coordination in unilateral cerebral palsy: an fNIRS study.Developmental medicine and child neurologyDuring asymmetric squeezing, people with unilateral cerebral palsy showed broader, stronger brain activity and more synchronized wrist muscle activity. More activity toward the non-lesioned side related to better daily function. No treatment was tested.
• PTOTOther2020Adverse effects of the coexistence of locomotive syndrome and sarcopenia on the walking ability and performance of activities of daily living in Japanese elderly females: a cross-sectional study.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn Japanese elderly females, having both locomotive syndrome and sarcopenia was linked to slower Timed Up and Go times and worse daily activity scores than having locomotive syndrome alone or neither condition.
• PTOther2020Use of airway clearance therapy in children hospitalised with acute lower respiratory tract infections in a South African paediatric hospital.The South African journal of physiotherapyAirway clearance therapy was given in only 85 cases (5.9%), mostly for presumed nosocomial LRTI or pneumonia, not bronchiolitis. Six cases desaturated during or immediately after sessions. Longer stay and death were associated with therapy, but this chart review cannot show cause.
• PTCohort2020Comparison of foot kinematics and the morphology of intrinsic musculature of the foot using a foot-type classification based on function.Journal of physical therapy scienceFeet classified as flat but adducting during gait showed thinner abductor digiti minimi muscles and altered kinematics compared to normal arch feet. However, flat feet that abducted during gait did not differ significantly from normal arches, suggesting static foot posture alone is an insufficient risk indicator.
• PTOther2020Relationship between walking ability of patients with stroke and effect of body weight-supported treadmill training.Journal of physical therapy scienceFor people walking independently after stroke, a body weight-supported treadmill training session did not improve speed, steps, rate, symmetry, or sway at any unloading level tested. Higher unloading showed links between baseline walking ability and immediate changes.
• SLPQualitative2020Relationships Among Deaf/Hard-of-Hearing Siblings: Developing a Sense of Self.Journal of deaf studies and deaf educationTen young adults with hearing loss described having a sibling with hearing loss as a source of closeness and identity support. They felt less isolated because they shared an experience of being different. Parents' attitudes to deafness shaped whether siblings felt close or distant.
• Other2020Transcriptomics of Gabra4 knockout mice reveals common NMDAR pathways underlying autism, memory, and epilepsy.Molecular autismGabra4 knockout mice showed autism-like social deficits but enhanced memory and seizure resistance. NMDAR pathways appear central to these linked traits. This is a basic science study; it does not offer clinical guidance for therapists.
• SLPOther2020Identifying Cochlear Implant Channels With Relatively Poor Electrode-Neuron Interfaces Using the Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potential.Ear and hearingWithin a single ear, electrically evoked compound action potential (ECAP) thresholds and growth slopes reliably flagged channels with poor behavioral thresholds. This offers audiologists a quick, objective way to spot weak electrodes without lengthy psychophysical testing.