Evaluating the Role of Autistic Traits, Social Anxiety, and Social Network Changes During Transition to First Year of University in Typically Developing Students and Students on the Autism Spectrum.
Jiedi Lei, Mark Brosnan, Chris Ashwin and 1 others
PMID 32034649WHAT IT FOUND
Lower social anxiety across the first year was linked to better university adjustment in both groups.
In typically developing students, higher autistic traits linked to poorer social adjustment. Changes in social networks or perceived support were less consistently linked, and the autism group was small.
Key findings
01In typically developing students, lower social anxiety and lower autistic traits predicted better overall university transition outcome.
02In typically developing students, lower social anxiety predicted better academic, personal/emotional, and attachment outcomes, and lower autistic traits predicted better social adjustment; social network and perceived support measures added little.
03In students on the autism spectrum, higher social anxiety was associated with poorer academic, personal/emotional, and attachment outcomes, but not social adjustment, and autism symptom severity was not associated with transition outcomes.
STILL TO COME
How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for SLPs
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What it does not show
The study did not test an intervention, so it cannot show that changing social networks or support would improve transition. The autism group had only 21 students, so findings for students on the autism spectrum cannot be generalised widely. All outcomes were self-reported, and the study did not check academic records, club participation, or other objective measures of transition. The typically developing group excluded students with current mental or physical health conditions or specific learning disabilities, so it may not represent all non-autistic students. Many typically developing students had high social anxiety at baseline, and some may have had undiagnosed social anxiety disorder. The direction of causation is unclear: social anxiety, autistic traits, network changes, and adjustment may influence each other.
Declared interests
The only declaration given is that the study was funded by the Office for Fair Access, Widening Participation at the University of Bath.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that expanding a student's social network or increasing perceived support will improve university adjustment. This was an observational questionnaire study, and the autism group had only 21 students, so it cannot show that any network change caused better outcomes.