THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 346 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• OTSLPNarrative Review2020From Early Childhood to Adolescence: Lessons About Traumatic Brain Injury From the Ohio Head Injury Outcomes Study.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationChildren with early childhood TBI had lasting cognitive, language, behavior, and school difficulties, often unmet. Family stress, parenting, and genetics were related to outcomes. This review reports associations, not treatment effects.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2020Family-centred care in early intervention: Examining caregiver perceptions of family-centred care and early intervention service use intensity.Child: care, health and developmentParents rated respectful care and partnership highly but scored general information sharing lowest. Higher service intensity was linked to better perceptions of respectful care and partnership, but not to information exchange. Parents and providers did not agree on most care quality aspects.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2020Self-reported short sleep duration among US adults by disability status and functional disability type: Results from the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.Disability and health journalAdults with disabilities are more likely to report short sleep duration than those without. The risk increases with the number of disability types. Clinicians should routinely ask about sleep health in patients with functional limitations.
• SLPCohort2020Predictors of Trauma Exposure and Trauma Diagnoses for Children with Autism and Developmental Disorders Served in a Community Mental Health Clinic.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism or developmental disabilities in a mental health clinic had lower recorded trauma reports and trauma diagnoses than other clinic children, even though negative life events were similar. Foster care, multiple homes, and conduct problems were linked to higher trauma risk.
• PTCohort2020Correlation Between D-Dimer Level and Deep Venous Thrombosis in Patients With Acute Spinal Cord Injuries.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationD-dimer was higher in acute spinal cord injury patients with deep vein thrombosis. It fell as time since injury increased, and was higher with lower-limb weakness or trauma, but weakness and trauma did not track with thrombosis.
• SLPPilot2020Reducing Late Dysphagia for Head and Neck Cancer Survivors with Oral Gel: A Feasibility Study.DysphagiaHead and neck cancer survivors reported easier swallowing and better social eating after using an oral gel before meals. Scores improved for dry breads and regular foods. No objective tests confirmed safety against aspiration, so treat this as a subjective relief option, not a proven fix.
• SLPOther2020Neural dynamics of executive function in cognitively able kindergarteners with autism spectrum disorders as predictors of concurrent academic achievement.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn cognitively able kindergarteners with autism, some brain responses to errors during a button game were linked to better reading and math scores at school entry. The study did not test whether improving these responses helps achievement.
• OTOther2020Social and Object Attention Is Influenced by Biological Sex and Toy Gender-Congruence in Children With and Without Autism.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchAutistic boys looked less at faces than typical boys, while autistic and typical girls did not differ. Children looked longer at toys matching their own sex, and at faces more when actor sex and toy gender mismatched.
• PTOTCohort2020Influence of Prior and Intercurrent Brain Injury on 5-Year Outcome Trajectories After Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationPrior and later moderate to severe injuries did not change the recovery course after moderate to severe TBI, but they were linked to worse function over five years. Mild injuries showed no such link.
• PTOTCohort2020Using accelerometry for measurement of motor behavior in children: Relationship of real-world movement to standardized evaluation.Research in developmental disabilitiesWrist accelerometers can objectively measure how much children with hemiparesis use their affected arm in daily life. The movement data correlated moderately with clinical test scores, suggesting this affordable tool can help screen for asymmetry and guide therapy intensity.
• PTProtocol2020Implementation of a Cost-Effective Physical Therapy Approach (Coach2Move) to Improve Physical Activity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Mobility Problems: Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized, Stepped Wedge Trial.Physical therapyThis is a protocol for a trial comparing a new physical therapy approach to usual care. No results are reported, so there is no evidence here to change your practice.
• PTRCT2020Effects of robot therapy on upper body kinematics and arm function in persons post stroke: a pilot randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationArm function did not differ between robot therapy and arm-specific physiotherapy. Robot therapy improved shoulder-elbow coordination more, but the study was small.
• PTNarrative Review2020The Role of Physical Therapists in Fighting the Type 2 Diabetes Epidemic.The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapyNo new study findings are reported. This is a clinical commentary for physical therapists about type 2 diabetes. It summarizes risk, complications, and recommendations, not tested interventions.
• SLPRCT2020Monolingual and Bilingual Word Recognition and Word Learning in Background Noise.Language and speechHealthy young bilinguals were not worse at recognizing words overall, but made more errors when noise was 8 dB louder than the word. They learned new words in noise as accurately as monolinguals.
• SLPCohort2020Trajectories of Evidence Based Treatment for School Children with Autism: What's the Right Level for the Implementation?Journal of autism and developmental disordersMost children with autism received consistently low doses of discrete trial training and pivotal response training throughout the school year. Teachers were more likely to increase treatment for children with more severe symptoms or greater sensory challenges, while children with better verbal and social skills were less likely to receive intensive intervention.
• OTRCT2020Visual processing speed in hemianopia patients secondary to acquired brain injury: a new assessment methodology.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with visual field loss after brain injury were 73.0% slower at finding and touching everyday objects than matched healthy people. A timed search-and-reach task may help therapists see how field loss affects daily visual tasks.
• PTOTCohort2020Central Drive to the Paretic Ankle Plantarflexors Affects the Relationship Between Propulsion and Walking Speed After Stroke.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTIn people with chronic stroke, the brain's ability to drive the paretic calf muscles, not just their raw strength, predicts how well they push off during walking. Clinicians should assess central drive to identify patients who may benefit from interventions targeting neural activation rather than just muscle strengthening.
• SLPOther2019Interactions Between Item Set and Vocoding in Serial Recall.Ear and hearingVocoding degraded speech significantly reduced serial recall for words and non-words but had little impact on digit span. This suggests digit span measures core memory capacity, while word span reflects the combined load of memory and auditory processing difficulty.
• SLPOther2019Age-Related Changes in Temporal Resolution Revisited: Electrophysiological and Behavioral Findings From Cochlear Implant Users.Ear and hearingOlder and younger cochlear implant users detected brief gaps almost equally well. Only recovery from a high-rate pulse train differed by age. Working memory, not gap detection, was linked to hearing speech in noise.
• PTCohort2019Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, construct validity and factor structure of a falls risk perception questionnaire in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study.Archives of physiotherapyA questionnaire about perceived fall risk gave similar answers when repeated in person or by phone, and its scores lined up with fear of falling. In 30 older adults with type 2 diabetes, its proposed question groups could not be checked.
• SLPCase-Control2019Intact neural representations of affective meaning of touch but lack of embodied resonance in autism: a multi-voxel pattern analysis study.Molecular autismAdults with autism rated hugs and hand-holding as less pleasant than controls, but both groups distinguished social from non-social touch. Autism showed weaker body-based brain responses to touch meaning, not a general inability to understand social touch.
• OTOther2019The Friendship Questionnaire, autism, and gender differences: a study revisited.Molecular autismAutistic adults rated their general friendships lower than non-autistic adults, but those with a partner or best friend rated that close relationship as highly as non-autistic people. Gender matters: autistic non-binary adults reported the highest friendship quality.
• PTOTCase Report2019Limb girdle muscular dystrophy: a case report initially presenting to an outpatient musculoskeletal physiotherapy clinic with spinal pain and functional weakness.Archives of physiotherapyA young woman with long-standing spinal pain and effortful sit-to-stand had normal nerve tests but weakness during functional tasks. MRI showed lumbar paraspinal atrophy, creatine kinase was 3398 IU/L, and limb girdle muscular dystrophy was diagnosed.
• SLPOther2019Neural Indices of Vowel Discrimination in Monolingual and Bilingual Infants and Children.Ear and hearingEarly brain responses to English vowel sounds changed with age, sex, and English exposure. Bilingual children hearing less English differed from monolingual peers; late responses tracked age only. This describes speech perception development, not a therapy effect.
• PTQualitative2020Caregivers' experiences with the new family-centred paediatric physiotherapy programme COPCA: A qualitative study.Child: care, health and developmentMothers of infants with motor delay described six months of home COPCA physiotherapy as varied, helpful and satisfying. They valued coaching that fit daily care and said they learned to support their infant between sessions.
• Survey2020Examination of sports and recreation-related concussion among youth ages 12-17: results from the 2018 YouthStyles survey.Brain injuryAmong U.S. youth reporting a sports or recreation concussion, 69.2% were checked by a doctor or nurse. Care-seeking was lower after community or non-team injuries than after school team injuries.
• OTSLPSurvey2020The Profiles and Correlates of Psychopathology in Adolescents and Adults with Williams, Fragile X and Prader-Willi Syndromes.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn Williams syndrome, current health problems and auditory sensory difficulties predicted higher emotional disturbance, while in Prader-Willi syndrome poorer adaptive skills predicted more psychopathology. In Fragile X syndrome, none of these factors predicted mental health difficulties.
• SLPOther2020The Association Between Physiological Noise Levels and Speech Understanding in Noise.Ear and hearingIn 921 people with normal hearing, higher physiological noise floors in low and mid frequencies measured by otoacoustic emissions were associated with worse speech-in-noise scores; 28.7% had mild or worse difficulty despite normal audiograms.
• SLPOther2020Comparison between covert sound-production task (sound-imagery) vs. motor-imagery for onset detection in real-life online self-paced BCIs.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationCovertly imagining a high-pitched 'um' sound detected user intent more accurately and faster than imagining hand movements. The sound task was rated easier by 75% of participants, though it performed no better than motor imagery during text reading.
• SLPOther2020The Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory and Screening Tool Based on Psychometric Reevaluation of the Hearing Handicap Inventories for the Elderly and Adults.Ear and hearingThe HHIE and HHIA emotional and social subscales did not measure separate problems. The items measure one overall hearing handicap score. New 18-item RHHI and 10-item RHHI-S work for all adults; score 6 or higher may indicate hearing impairment and need for hearing testing.
• SLPRCT2020Child-Adult Relationship Enhancement in Primary Care: A Randomized Trial of a Skill-Based Parent Training with Parent Mentor Adaptation.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPA brief parenting program in primary care improved child behavior and parenting skills. Adding a peer mentor reduced parents' stigma about seeking help but did not increase attendance or improve child outcomes compared to the standard program.
• OTSLPOther2020Examining the Treatment Efficacy of PEERS in Japan: Improving Social Skills Among Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdolescents with autism who did 14 weeks of PEERS combining social-skills sessions, parent coaching, and homework showed greater improvement than waiting peers on social-skills knowledge and parent-reported adaptive socialization. Parent-reported autistic traits improved in treated adolescents, but not all outcomes changed.
• SLPOther2020Protocol for the Connected Speech Transcription of Children with Speech Disorders: An Example from Childhood Apraxia of Speech.Folia phoniatrica et logopaedica : official organ of the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP)A connected speech transcription protocol documented inter-word pauses and linking sounds in children with childhood apraxia of speech, but transcribing 50 utterances took 5 to 7 hours per child. It is not yet a routine clinical tool.
• SLPOther2020Exploring gender as a potential source of bias in adult judgments of children with specific language impairment and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Journal of communication disordersAdults reading transcripts of children with language or attention disorders rated them as less capable, well-behaved, and socially skilled than typical peers. Contrary to expectations, female raters were not kinder than male raters, and boys were judged more negatively on behavior than girls.
• PTOTOther2020Human arm weight compensation in rehabilitation robotics: efficacy of three distinct methods.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThe Equilibrium method reduced muscle effort significantly more than the Average and Full methods in healthy subjects. In three stroke patients, it increased horizontal workspace compared to no support, though results varied by arm height and individual.
• SLPOther2020Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation on the Submental Area: The Relations of Biopsychological Factors with Maximum Amplitude Tolerance and Perceived Discomfort Level.DysphagiaHealthy older adults who catastrophized about pain tolerated lower electrical stimulation amplitudes. Those who used distraction reported less discomfort at their maximum tolerated level. Gender, pain sensitivity, and submental fat thickness did not predict tolerance or discomfort.
• SLPOther2020Role of family caregivers regarding sexual and reproductive health for women and girls with intellectual disability: A scoping review.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRFamily caregivers often managed menstrual care, contraception decisions, and health appointments for women and girls with intellectual disability. Some supported access, but others discouraged sexual expression or made choices without the woman's knowledge.
• SLPOther2020Variations in Healthy Swallowing Mechanics During Various Bolus Conditions Using Computational Analysis of Swallowing Mechanics (CASM).DysphagiaHealthy young adults swallow differently when bolus conditions change. Group averages hide this because each person adapts uniquely. Clinicians should assess patients against their own baseline rather than assuming a single normal response to thicker or larger boluses.
• SLPOther2020Switching Streams Across Ears to Evaluate Informational Masking of Speech-on-Speech.Ear and hearingSwitching speech streams between ears made a target sentence harder to hear than keeping them in opposite ears in young normal-hearing adults. Fast periodic switching caused the most difficulty. Brief silent gaps unexpectedly made listening a little easier.
• PTOTSLPPilot2020GEARing smart environments for pediatric motor rehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThree young children completed eight sessions in a new playground environment with body-weight support and robots. All children looked at and moved toward the robots, and all completed climbing tasks while following them. This shows the setup works for testing, not that it improves motor skills.
• PTCohort2020Quantifying dosage of physical therapy using lower body kinematics: a longitudinal pilot study on early post-stroke individuals.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn six early post-stroke patients, total lower-body joint motion during therapy tracked gait speed more closely than step count, time, task variety, or heart-rate change. This is an association, not proof that more motion improves recovery.
• PTCohort2020Seasonal variation in neuromuscular control in young male soccer players.Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports MedicineYoung elite male soccer players jumped farther over a season, but single leg landing forces rose and knee alignment during landing did not consistently improve. No injuries were tracked, so this describes change, not proven risk.
• SLPPilot2020Screening school-age children for developmental language disorder in primary care.International journal of speech-language pathologyA short parent questionnaire plus a brief sentence repetition task was feasible and had preliminary accuracy in school-age children, but only 25 children had diagnostic testing, so it is not ready for routine use.
• SLPNarrative Review2020Towards understanding the bilingual profile in typical and atypical language development: A tutorial.International journal of speech-language pathologyNo new finding: this tutorial reviews bilingual language research and suggests cognate-aware assessment and therapy as possible directions, not proven practice.
• PTOTOther2019Relationship between surface electromyography of the spinae erector muscles and subjectively adjusted step length in the supporting standing-up motion.Journal of physical therapy scienceHealthy male volunteers lifting a 10 kg doll used a shorter step length to significantly reduce erector spinae muscle activity. This suggests a short step may lower back load during supported standing transfers, but the study used healthy men and a doll, not patients.
• PTOther2019Effects of dorsiflexor functional electrical stimulation compared to an ankle/foot orthosis on stroke-related genu recurvatum gait.Journal of physical therapy scienceFES increased ankle dorsiflexion and knee flexion at initial contact compared to barefoot walking and an AFO. However, it did not correct knee hyperextension during mid-stance, and gait speed, step length, and stride length did not change.
• PTOTPilot2019Whole-body vibration enhances effectiveness of "locomotion training" evaluated in healthy young adult women.Journal of physical therapy scienceHealthy young women who performed squatting and standing exercises on a vibrating platform maintained their knee strength and balance, while those on the floor declined. The vibrating group also moved faster in a timed walk. This suggests vibration may make simple exercises more effective.
• PTPilot2019Feasibility and effectiveness of thoracic spine mobilization on sympathetic/parasympathetic balance in a healthy population - a randomized controlled double-blinded pilot study.Archives of physiotherapyIn 12 healthy adults, thoracic mobilization was feasible and safe: adherence was 100% and no adverse effects occurred, but the heart-rate variability device stored too little data. Prone posterior-anterior mobilization produced preliminary heart-rate changes.
• PTOther2019Isometric knee muscle strength measurement using a belt-stabilized hand-held dynamometer and an isokinetic dynamometer with and without trunk fixation: investigation of agreement of measurement values and factors influencing measurement.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn healthy young adults, belt-stabilized hand-held dynamometer knee strength readings did not agree with chair-mounted isokinetic dynamometer readings, especially in men and during knee extension. Do not use the values interchangeably.
• RCT2020Transcranial direct-current stimulation combined with attention increases cortical excitability and improves motor learning in healthy volunteers.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn healthy right-handed adults, electrical stimulation over the hand area of the brain improved learning of a fast thumb movement, with clearer and longer-lasting gains when attention was directed to the stimulated muscle.