THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 343 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• SLPRCT2020Cross-linguistic Influences on Sentence Accent Detection in Background Noise.Language and speechHealthy adult listeners detected more target sounds when the key word carried sentence accent. Noise lowered detection only at the worst level, and non-native groups used different acoustic cues.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2020Examining the Efficacy of Communication Partner Training for Improving Communication Interactions and Outcomes for Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationTraining communication partners improves conversational outcomes for people with traumatic brain injury. Joint training of both the patient and their partner yields greater gains in information transfer and support than treating the patient alone, with benefits maintained at six months.
• SLPOther2020Discrepancies between parent and child ratings of anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchChildren with autism plus diagnosed anxiety were rated more anxious by parents than by themselves. In autism without anxiety and typical development, children rated themselves more anxious than parents did. More severe autism symptoms linked parent ratings exceeding child ratings.
• Other2020A Relation Between Autism Traits and Gender Self-concept: Evidence from Explicit and Implicit Measures.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdults with more autistic traits reported weaker identification with both masculine and feminine gender attributes. This held for self-reported feelings and automatic associations. The link to automatic associations was significant only in birth-assigned females, suggesting gender self-concept may be less central for some autistic people.
• Other2020Dynamic lag analysis reveals atypical brain information flow in autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchResting-state brain scans of 40 young adults showed atypical timing of signal flow in autism. Networks that usually lead or follow each other in neurotypical brains appeared more synchronized in autism, particularly involving attention and visual networks.
• Case-Control2020Adaptation to the Speed of Biological Motion in Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutistic and typically developing children and adolescents showed similar adaptation to the speed of running point-light figures. The study found no group difference in adaptation, and no differences in attention, eye movements, or speed judgement precision.
• Cohort2020Patient Factors Associated With Attendance at a Comprehensive Postacute Stroke Visit: Insight From the Vanguard Site.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAttendance at a postacute visit was associated with scheduling it before discharge, completing a 2-day call, having a primary care provider, and having stroke rather than TIA. Distance did not matter at this single site.
• SLPOther2020Application of a Landmark-Based Method for Acoustic Analysis of Dysphonic Speech.Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice FoundationLandmark-based acoustic analysis distinguished dysphonic from normal speech, with a 7.24% misclassification rate. Fewer landmarks in voiced segments and more in unvoiced segments characterized dysphonia. This method shows promise for objectively assessing speech intelligibility deficits in voice disorders.
• SLPCohort2020Identifying prognostic markers in autism spectrum disorder using eye tracking.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceToddlers with autism who looked longer at geometric shapes than social scenes showed more severe autism symptoms and fewer gaze shifts in social interactions six to nine years later. This eye-tracking preference predicted core symptom severity but not IQ or adaptive skills.
• PTOTOther2020Roles of Lesioned and Nonlesioned Hemispheres in Reaching Performance Poststroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairBriefly disrupting a nonlesioned premotor area slowed affected-arm reaching in chronic stroke patients with severe arm impairment. In milder impairment, disrupting lesioned motor cortex slowed reaching. This was a brain-stimulation experiment, not a therapy trial.
• PTOTSLPPilot2019The effectiveness of transverse abdominis training on balance, postural sway and core muscle recruitment patterns: a pilot study comparison across age groups.Journal of physical therapy scienceOlder adults showed the greatest improvement in balance after a single 15-minute session of transverse abdominis training, reducing sway significantly more than younger groups. Functional reach did not improve. This suggests immediate neuromuscular benefits for older patients, but results are preliminary.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2019Disruption of PHF21A causes syndromic intellectual disability with craniofacial anomalies, epilepsy, hypotonia, and neurobehavioral problems including autism.Molecular autismSeven patients with PHF21A gene variants all had intellectual disability and language delay. Four also had epilepsy, three had autism, and three had obesity. This links the gene to a syndrome involving craniofacial anomalies, hypotonia, and neurobehavioral problems.
• SLPOther2019Use of Direct-Connect for Remote Speech-Perception Testing in Cochlear Implants.Ear and hearingSpeech perception scores for cochlear implant users were not significantly different when tested remotely via direct audio input compared to in-person sound booth testing. This suggests remote testing is a valid alternative for monitoring outcomes, removing the need for a sound booth at the patient's location.
• PTRCT2019Effect of the "Building Osteo Neatly Exercise" program on quantitative ultrasound parameters and plantar pressure distribution for college-aged females.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 40 young women, a 4-month foot exercise program increased heel bone ultrasound measures and made pressure during walking closer to ideal. It does not show effects in older adults with osteoporosis.
• SLPCohort2019High-Variability Sentence Recognition in Long-Term Cochlear Implant Users: Associations With Rapid Phonological Coding and Executive Functioning.Ear and hearingLong-term cochlear implant users struggle more than normal hearing peers with sentences spoken by multiple talkers and dialects. This difficulty is linked to how quickly they can repeat non-words, not to their executive function. Clinicians should test these high-variability skills to better understand real-world listening challenges.
• Meta-Analysis2019A meta-analysis of two high-risk prospective cohort studies reveals autism-specific transcriptional changes to chromatin, autoimmune, and environmental response genes in umbilical cord blood.Molecular autismNo individual umbilical cord blood transcript showed an ASD-versus-typical difference that survived strict correction. With looser thresholds, ASD samples showed chromatin, autoimmune, and environmental response gene-set changes; Non-TD samples showed sensory and primate gene-set changes. These were not individual gene confirmations.
• OTCohort2019Parkinson's family needs and caregiver mental health: A cross-cultural comparison between Mexico and the United States.NeuroRehabilitationCaregivers in Mexico and the United States had similar levels of anxiety and depression. US caregivers reported more unmet emotional and community support needs. Mexican caregivers reported more unmet instrumental needs, such as help with daily tasks.
• SLPOther2019Development of a Non-invasive Device for Swallow Screening in Patients at Risk of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: Results from a Prospective Exploratory Study.DysphagiaA neck sensor device detected unsafe swallows on thin liquids with high sensitivity, missing only 10% of cases. It over-detected risk in 40% of patients. This device is not yet validated for clinical use and cannot replace a standard swallowing assessment.
• OTSLPRCT2019The effect of intensified nonverbal facilitation of swallowing on dysphagia after severe acquired brain injury: A randomised controlled pilot study.NeuroRehabilitationIntensified nonverbal facilitation of swallowing was feasible but did not significantly improve clinical swallowing scores compared to control. The intervention group showed positive changes in laryngeal elevation speed and maximum elevation during treatment, while the control group worsened on these measures.
• SLPOther2019Masked Sentence Recognition in Children, Young Adults, and Older Adults: Age-Dependent Effects of Semantic Context and Masker Type.Ear and hearingListening to sentences in two competing voices was hardest for young children and older adults, easier for young adults. Meaningful context helped children more in noise than in speech, and helped adults in both.
• PTPilot2019Development and exploration of a Japanese version of the cerebral palsy quality of life for children questionnaire for primary caregivers: a pilot study.Journal of physical therapy scienceMothers' emotional well-being and feelings about functioning were lower as their child's GMFCS level increased. The other domains did not differ by GMFCS level in a Japanese caregiver questionnaire completed by 50 mothers.
• PTOther2019Is there a relationship between self-efficacy, disability, pain and sociodemographic characteristics in chronic low back pain? A multicenter retrospective analysis.Archives of physiotherapyMost Italian outpatients with chronic low back pain starting physiotherapy reported low confidence in doing activities despite pain. Female sex and pain medication use were linked to lower confidence and higher disability; education, age and smoking related to pain and disability.
• SLPOther2019A Device that Models Human Swallowing.DysphagiaA throat model measured how fast and how much pressure a thickened bolus produced as it moved through a model pharynx. It showed flow and pressure patterns similar to reported swallowing ranges. This is device validation, not patient evidence.
• PTOTCohort2019Impact of motor therapy with dynamic body-weight support on Functional Independence Measures in traumatic brain injury: An exploratory study.NeuroRehabilitationIn six patients with traumatic brain injury, therapy using dynamic body-weight support led to significantly greater improvement in Functional Independence Measure scores at discharge compared to standard care. This was a small, retrospective comparison, not a randomized trial.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Longer Time Before Acute Rehabilitation Therapy Worsens Disability After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationEvery extra day between hospital admission and the first rehab consult raised the odds of poor disability outcomes at 30 and 90 days. Delays were longest for patients in the ICU, those with low consciousness, or those who could walk before the stroke.
• OTSLPOther2020Understanding Number Line Estimation in Williams Syndrome and Down Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disordersWhen compared at the same mental age, people with Williams syndrome, Down syndrome and typical development placed numbers on lines with similar accuracy. Williams scores tracked number familiarity, while Down scores tracked visuo-spatial skills on the 0-10 scale.
• SLPCohort2020The Influence of Irrelevant Visual Distractors on Eye Movement Control in Chinese Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from the Remote Distractor Paradigm.Journal of autism and developmental disordersYoung children with autism showed normal basic eye movements but took longer to look at a target when a distractor appeared directly over it. This delay reflects difficulty disengaging attention from central stimuli, not a motor problem.
• SLPCase-Control2020Lexical stress in childhood apraxia of speech: acoustic and kinematic findings.International journal of speech-language pathologyChildren with childhood apraxia of speech showed less jaw movement timing contrast between stressed and unstressed syllables than typically developing peers, even when their speech sounded accurate. Acoustic differences were not found.
• OTSurvey2020Parenting Strategies Used by Parents of Children with ASD: Differential Links with Child Problem Behaviour.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of children with ASD who had more reactivity, noncompliance or demand avoidance reported using more accommodating strategies, such as changing demands and avoiding triggers. These links were measured at one time, so they do not show that accommodation causes problem behaviour.
• Other2020More than Mental Health: Parent Physical Health and Early Childhood Behavior Problems.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPParents reporting poorer physical health felt less confident in their parenting, and their children showed more behavior problems. This link held even after accounting for parent anxiety and depression. Physical health matters for child behavior, not just mental health.
• Qualitative2020"I wouldn't know where to start": Perspectives from clinicians, agency leaders, and autistic adults on improving community mental health services for autistic adults.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic adults, clinicians, and agency leaders described mental health care as hard to access because clinicians lacked autism knowledge, services were fragmented, and sessions felt impractical. Autistic adults asked for clear, structured, sensory-aware therapy focused on current distress.
• SLPOther2020The Effect of Pulmonary Function on the Incidence of Vocal Fatigue Among Teachers.Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice FoundationFemale teachers who reported more voice discomfort had lower unadjusted lung capacity, peak flow and first-second volume; this link disappeared after adjusting for body size and age. Male teachers showed no such link.
• PTOther2020Effects of Exercise Intensity on Acute Circulating Molecular Responses Poststroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairTreadmill high-intensity interval training raised blood markers for brain repair (BDNF, VEGF, IGF1) without raising stress hormones, unlike moderate continuous walking. However, the study did not measure rehabilitation outcomes, so it is unclear if these acute chemical changes translate to better patient recovery.
• PTCohort2020Genetic variation in dopamine neurotransmission and motor development of infants born extremely-low-birthweight.Developmental medicine and child neurologyA higher dopamine-related genetic score was associated with lower motor development scores in infants born extremely low birthweight, but not with cognitive scores or cerebral palsy. Each additional variant was associated with a small decrease in motor score.
• PTOther2019Changes in reaching skill in patients with cervical spondylosis after cervical decompression surgery.Journal of physical therapy scienceAfter surgery and rehabilitation with stretching, muscle training of all four limbs and targeted practice for activities in daily life, nine men showed forward-reaching wrist acceleration peak increase from 2.0 to 2.7 G; grip and pinch strength did not change.
• PTSurvey2019Customer satisfaction analysis of the healthy elderly to investigate the association among happiness, health status, and well-being using the Happiness & Health Feeling Scale.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 17 healthy elderly, eating, exercise, and pleasure correlated with high well-being. Self-esteem items showed low scores despite high well-being. This suggests these factors are priority areas for improvement in this group.
• PTOther2019Progressive decrease in leg-power performance during a fatiguing badminton field test.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 15 male badminton players, peak power fell 35.49% by the final set of a five-set fatiguing shuttle-run test. Blood lactate rose from 2.82 to 16.07 mmol/L.
• PTOther2019Effects of supraspinal feedback on human gait: rhythmic auditory distortion.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationHealthy young walkers kept pace with metronome beeps even when the rhythm changed by 1 millisecond without noticing. They adjusted step length to hold treadmill speed, but mismatch grew when the beep period moved away from the first rhythm.
• PTOTSLPCohort2019Risk factors and types of recurrent stroke: a Saudi hospital based study.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 112 Saudi patients with recurrent stroke, hypertension was present in 90.2% and diabetes in 62.5%. Ischaemic heart disease was significantly more common in ischaemic strokes than in brain bleeds. These findings support rigorous vascular risk monitoring for this population.
• PTOther2019Robotic body weight support enables safe stair negotiation in compliance with basic locomotor principles.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobotic body weight support up to 30% reduced leg muscle activity and forces while keeping stair walking patterns largely normal in 17 able-bodied volunteers. During stair ascent at 40 to 50%, hip and knee motion decreased and the tibialis anterior muscle worked more.
• PTOther2019Individualized feedback to change multiple gait deficits in chronic stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke survivors used visual feedback to increase paretic knee flexion and improve gait symmetry in one session. Verbal instructions about specific joint movements hindered their progress, whereas the feedback alone allowed them to explore and achieve better walking patterns without explicit guidance.
• PTOther2019Pressure biofeedback unit to assess and train lumbopelvic stability in supine individuals with chronic low back pain.Journal of physical therapy scienceUsing a pressure biofeedback unit during a leg raise did not correlate with muscle activity or balance, so it cannot assess stability. However, seeing the unit's reading helped participants increase abdominal muscle activity and reduce pelvic sway.
• PTOTCohort2019Instrumental activities of daily living and number of daily steps in frail older females.Journal of physical therapy scienceFrail older women who could prepare meals and do housework took significantly more daily steps than those who needed help. Overall step counts were very low, averaging under 2,000 steps per day.
• SLPOther2019Enhanced milieu teaching for children with autism spectrum disorder in South Africa.International journal of speech-language pathologyIn three minimally verbal boys with autism, an SLP using enhanced milieu teaching in a school playroom increased different words used and spontaneous utterances during sessions. Gains appeared with new toys and an unfamiliar SLP, but remained lower than during intervention.
• PTOther2019Effect of lateral-wedge insole on the center of foot pressure and lower extremity muscle activity at gait initiation in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn women with medial knee osteoarthritis, a lateral-wedge insole increased forward foot-pressure movement at the start of walking compared with barefoot. Backward movement was lower than in healthy women. Calf muscle timing was similar to healthy women. This was a small study.
• PTOTCohort2019Association between patients' state upon admission and decline in activities of daily living.Journal of physical therapy scienceInpatients with low initial function saw the biggest drops in transfer and toilet use. Those with high initial function saw the biggest drops in bathing and stairs. Screen patients based on their admission Barthel Index to target prevention.
• PTOther2019Clinical measurements of spinal mobility, static balance, and functional performance in healthy participants: a simple biokinesiological analysis of performance.Journal of physical therapy scienceHealthy adults balanced on one leg much longer with eyes open than closed. Walking on heels took longer and felt harder than tiptoes. Active participants had greater forward bending, but side-to-side differences and squat-to-stand times did not differ.
• SLPCohort2019Detecting Bulbar Motor Involvement in ALS: Comparing speech and chewing tasks.International journal of speech-language pathologyJaw movement speed during speech slowed as ALS severity increased, distinguishing affected from unaffected speakers. Chewing speed increased with severity. Neither task's jaw range of motion detected these changes. Speech speed is a better candidate marker for bulbar decline than chewing.
• PTOTSLPCohort2019Relationship between the nutritional state of elderly people in need of support or nursing care and jaw-opening force and tongue pressure.Journal of physical therapy scienceBetter nutritional scores correlated with stronger jaw-opening force in 25 care-dependent elders, but not with tongue pressure. Low jaw force may signal malnutrition risk, though the small sample limits certainty.
• OTSLPOther2020Autism and depression are connected: A report of two complimentary network studies.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic adults and people with depression report similar levels of worry and low perceived control over their lives. While these factors link autism and depression symptoms, the study cannot prove that low control causes either condition, nor that improving it will resolve them.