TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 65 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTPilot2025Feasibility, Usability, and Acceptability of a Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Teleexercise Interventions for Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: Interim Analysis of the Spinal Cord Injury Program in Exercise (SCIPE) Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationTeleexercise for spinal cord injury was feasible during the 8-week program, with 91.7% retention. However, engagement dropped sharply after the intervention ended. Usability was rated fair overall, suggesting the platform needs simpler design and better tracking to sustain long-term use.
• PTOTCohort2025Seven-Year Intervention Rate and Effect of Early Rehabilitation in China: A National-Wide Hospital-Based Study.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationEarly rehabilitation reached 68.2% of tertiary hospital patients by 2022. Patients receiving it had lower in-hospital mortality but longer stays and higher costs. The study cannot prove the therapy caused these outcomes because it only tracked billing records, not clinical details.
• PTOther2025Intelligent prediction of dynamic characteristics during exercise in patients with stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA computer model using wearable sensors estimated hip, knee and ankle joint moments during walking and stairs in people after stroke, with small errors in the tested data. It has not been checked on new patients.
• PTOTCohort2025Remotely Delivered Task-Oriented Training and Evaluation (reTOTE) for Stroke Rehabilitation.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAfter 8 remote task-oriented sessions combining CIMT, ASAP, CO-OP, neuroplasticity principles, and TOTE-Home, 12 stroke survivors self-reported better performance, satisfaction, arm use, and most quality-of-life domains. Balance confidence did not change, and no control group was used.
• PTOTSLPOther2025Psychometric properties and clinical usability of the cognition in daily life scale in patients with acquired brain injury in clinical care settings.Clinical rehabilitationThe Cognition in Daily Life scale reliably captures how brain injury affects daily functioning. It correlates with real-world disability but not with standard quiet-room tests. Clinicians found it useful for team communication, though the 20-minute administration time and lack of digital scoring were barriers.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Characterization of Ventilatory Drive in Community-Dwelling Adults with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationMost adults with chronic spinal cord injury who breathe independently have normal resting breathing drive. This drive was strongly linked to body mass and BMI, not injury level. Higher drive correlated with faster breathing rates, suggesting body weight impacts respiratory effort more than injury severity in this group.
• PTOTCase Report2025Cryoneurolysis for Managing Spasticity in Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report Demonstrating Sustained Functional Gains and Cost-Effectiveness.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIn one woman with primary progressive MS, cryoneurolysis reduced shoulder and elbow spasticity and pain, improving passive range of motion for months. A second treatment after worsening tone maintained gains. This single case cannot show whether the procedure works for other patients.
• PTOTSLPOther2025History of Clinical Services, Medical Training, and Research for Spinal Cord Injuries and Disorders in the United States Veterans Health Administration.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationThe Veterans Health Administration operates a national hub-and-spoke network for spinal cord injury care, serving 24,560 Veterans. It integrates lifelong rehabilitation, specialty medical care, and emerging technologies like telehealth and brain-computer interfaces, while training a large share of US spinal cord medicine specialists.
• PTOTSLPOther2025Exploring Integration of Support for Co-Occurring Substance Use-Related Needs in Interdisciplinary Traumatic Brain Injury Treatment for Military Service Members and Veterans.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIntegrating substance use support into traumatic brain injury rehab allowed most applicants to enter care and nearly all who started treatment to finish. Only one person left early due to substance use, with no serious adverse events.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Prediction of Outcome in Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: The Value of Pragmatic Estimation of the Duration of Posttraumatic Confusional State.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationLonger posttraumatic confusion predicted worse 12-month recovery, especially in severe TBI. Patients with confusion lasting 7 days or less had high rates of good recovery (78% moderate, 71% severe). Confusion lasting more than 28 days strongly predicted severe disability or death.
• PTOTRCT2025Safety assessment and feasibility of the TWIICE powered exoskeleton for assisted ambulation in individuals with spinal cord injury.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFive non-ambulatory people with spinal cord injury trained six sessions with the TWIICE exoskeleton without falls or fractures. Dizziness, skin reddening and one pain event occurred, and all completed mobility tests with therapist support.
• PTOTSLPCohort2026Relief of pain associated with spasticity in adult patients after treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA: Post hoc observational results from the ASPIRE study.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationIn adults with spasticity and baseline pain, onabotulinumtoxinA treatment was associated with reduced pain scores and disability over time. Most patients and physicians reported satisfaction and intent to continue treatment. No control group means these changes cannot be separated from natural history or other care.
• PTOTOther2025Differentiating post-stroke patients from healthy individuals via vision-based skeleton-optical fusion.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA vision-based algorithm correctly classified 87.8% of post-stroke and healthy gait videos using a single camera. It relies on sagittal-plane walking in a controlled clinical setting, so it is not yet a tool for home monitoring or diverse patient populations.
• PTOTOther2025Clinical feasibility of motor hotspot localization based on electroencephalography using convolutional neural networks in stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAn EEG-based algorithm accurately located stroke patients' motor hotspots within 1.77 mm, a precision comparable to TMS. This method works with as few as 5 electrodes, suggesting it could replace expensive TMS for targeting stimulation in rehabilitation.
• PTCase Report2025Intramuscular hemorrhage during rehabilitation in a post-stroke patient with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: a case report and review of spasticity-related muscle injury.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesA post-stroke man with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome had thigh muscle bleeding during routine passive hamstring stretching while taking clopidogrel and antihypertensive medication. This single case cannot separate stretching, medication, and tissue fragility.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2025How recovery influences community reintegration: perspectives of persons with spinal cord injury and their support persons.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesPeople with spinal cord injury and their support persons often feel satisfied with their community reintegration even when they are unhappy with their physical recovery. Improving function alone does not guarantee a return to life; psychological adjustment and social support are critical drivers.
• PTOTCohort2025Development of the Italian version of the modified Barthel index and preliminary reliability in adults with stroke.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAn Italian version of the modified Barthel Index showed high agreement among 51 adults with stroke when scored by different raters and repeated within days. Total scores were stable, but some individual items were less consistent.
• PTOTOther2025Musculoskeletal changes and treatments in paediatric spinal cord disorders: A scoping review.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineChildren with spinal cord disorders often lose bone and muscle, with scoliosis, hip dysplasia, spasticity and fractures. Evidence on treatments is small and mixed, so do not assume any intervention works.
• PTOther2025Effective assistance timing using characteristics of paretic ground reaction force in ankle robotic gait training for individuals with hemiparesis after stroke: a cross-sectional study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationApplying ankle push-off assistance later in the stance phase (40-60% of gait cycle) increased paretic propulsion in most stroke survivors. This timing worked for both those with early and late push-off patterns, contradicting the hypothesis that timing must match individual gait characteristics.
• PTOTOther2025Quantitative assessment of dynamic movement reveals deficits due to hemiparetic stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke survivors with moderate-to-severe impairment lose the ability to move quickly. Their upper limbs fail at frequencies above 1.5Hz, meaning they cannot perform fast daily tasks like stirring or brushing teeth, even if they can still reach the objects.
• PTOTOther2026Validity of Scores From the 12-Item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale Among Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults With Multiple Sclerosis.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationThe 12-item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale accurately reflects walking ability in older adults with MS, not just younger ones. Scores tracked closely with timed walk tests and endurance measures across all ages, and cognitive decline did not distort the results.
• PTOTSLPPilot2025Tailored implementation of a behaviour change intervention for post-stroke physical activity: A mixed-methods feasibility study.Clinical rehabilitationStroke teams found a facilitated, tailored process feasible for delivering a physical activity programme after stroke, but all four teams only partially achieved their plans. This is about embedding support, not evidence that the programme improves patient outcomes.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Concussion Classification in a Multicenter Patient Cohort: The Updated ACRM Diagnostic Criteria and Concordance With Physician Impression of Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationApplying the 2023 ACRM criteria to 1447 patients found 96.9% had definite or suspected mild TBI, versus 69.7% diagnosed by physician impression. Most missed cases involved patients with lower symptom severity, suggesting clinical judgment may underdiagnose concussion when symptoms are less obvious.
• PTOTSLPPilot2025A feasibility study of digital self-report measurement for brain injury patients utilizing an adapted version of the Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory - fourth edition.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePatients with mild to moderate cognitive deficits completed a digital brain injury inventory twice with high consistency. The tool matched community integration scores and showed that naming ability, not overall cognition, linked to reported participation difficulties. This supports using digital self-report for routine monitoring.
• PTQualitative2025Home-Based Augmented Reality Exercise For People With Parkinson Disease: Qualitative Acceptability Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesPeople with Parkinson disease found this home-based augmented reality exercise acceptable as a complement to, not a replacement for, clinic therapy. They valued the flexibility to train at home but relied on clinicians for movement feedback, adherence support, and social connection.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2025Assessing and Managing Agitation During Early Recovery in Children With Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Australia: A National Survey.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationMost Australian clinicians managing agitated children with brain injury use general recovery scales, not agitation-specific tools. They rely on environmental changes and individualized care, with family education key. Practice varies widely, and formal training on agitation management is often lacking.
• PTOTRCT2025Ankle Bracelet Laser as a Novel Portable Device to Improve Walking in Patients With Parkinsonism: Randomized Crossover Controlled Trial.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesA prototype ankle laser improved gait speed by 0.07 m/s and stride length by 0.17 m in 10 patients with parkinsonism during a brief clinic test. The device automatically projects a line with each step, reducing the need for manual control. These immediate effects have not yet been proven to last in daily life.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2025Recommendations for Combining Brain-Computer Interface, Motor Imagery, and Virtual Reality in Upper Limb Stroke Rehabilitation: Qualitative Participatory Design Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesFor upper-limb brain-computer interface, motor imagery, and virtual reality training, stroke survivors and clinicians recommended daily tasks, sessions no longer than 20 minutes, simple to complex progression, and feedback adjusted for attention, neglect, and fatigue. These are design recommendations, not tested effectiveness.
• PTOTCohort2026Predictors of wrist extensor muscle recovery following acute traumatic spinal cord injury: A model systems replication study.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationThree old clinical prediction rules for wrist extensor recovery after spinal cord injury are much less accurate than previously thought. Positive predictive values dropped to 57% to 74%. Do not rely on a single rule to predict recovery or guide surgical referrals.
• PTOTSLPPilot2025A cup half full: exploring the kinematic consequences of variations in the drinking task protocol.Journal of rehabilitation medicineSmall changes in how the drinking task is set up significantly altered movement time and trunk displacement in 6 healthy adults, but not the smoothness of the movement. The study suggests that standardizing the protocol is crucial for accurate assessment.
• PTRCT2025Effect of lower limb mirror visual feedback on cortical activation in healthy subjects: a self-controlled randomized trail.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationLower-limb mirror feedback produced more cortical activation than sham in healthy adults, including motor planning, prefrontal, sensory and frontal pole regions. This is a lab measure, not proof it improves walking or function in patients.
• PTOTSystematic Review2025Mapping the role of vagus nerve stimulation in post-stroke arm motor recovery.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn chronic stroke survivors, included studies reported implanted vagus nerve stimulation paired with arm therapy had larger upper-limb function gains than control therapy, with mild voice or cough effects. Ear stimulation had weaker motor effects.
• PTOTCohort2025Generalizability of neuromuscular coordination in the human upper extremity after stroke and its implications in neurorehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationMuscle synergy patterns are shared between static and dynamic arm tasks after stroke, but how they are recruited differs. Dynamic reaching reveals abnormal coordination patterns missed by static tasks, while static tasks are more accessible for severely impaired patients.
• PTOTOther2025Can machine learning improve on the early prediction of upper limb recovery after stroke?Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAn XGBoost model predicted six-month arm recovery from stroke more accurately than a mixed-effects model, with a median error of 4.3 points on the 57-point ARAT scale when applied in the first week. This error was below the 6-point threshold considered clinically meaningful.
• PTOTSLPMeta-Analysis2025Superior efficacy of 100-Hz transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in reducing post-stroke spasticity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationHigh-frequency TENS (100 Hz) significantly reduced post-stroke spasticity, while lower frequencies showed no benefit. The effect was consistent across acute, subacute, and chronic stroke phases. Motor function and daily living activities also improved, but these results were less stable.
• PTOTCohort2025Muscle strength and stiffness of elbow muscles: correlation with upper limb motor functions in people with chronic stroke.Journal of rehabilitation medicineElbow muscle strength, but not stiffness, correlated with upper limb motor function in people with chronic stroke. Strength explained variance in impairment and activity scores, while resting stiffness showed inconsistent or no significant links to functional outcomes.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2025Action Observation Combined With Motor Imagery Training to Improve Motor Function in People With Stroke: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesAdding action observation with motor imagery to routine rehab improved upper limb function scores, but did not improve daily self-care. The evidence is low quality from small trials, so treat this as a potential add-on rather than a proven replacement for standard therapy.
• PTOther2025Estimating the contribution of musculoskeletal impairments to altered gait kinematics in children with cerebral palsy using predictive simulations.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationComputer models of eight children with cerebral palsy showed that muscle contractures, weakness, and bone deformities explained only up to 39% of their gait deviations. For those with mild walking issues, the models could not account for the differences from typical gait.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Cognitive performance and stroke-specific quality of life four years after stroke.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesFour years post-stroke, quality of life linked only to reaction time, verbal memory, and fine-motor coordination. Language, executive function, and attention showed no significant association with reported well-being in this small cohort.
• PTOTRCT2025Heel-Elevation Effects on Sit-to-Stand Movement in Patients with Parkinson's Disease-A Randomized Crossover Study.NeuroRehabilitationRaising heels on a tilted plate reduced sit-to-stand time in people with Parkinson's by a median of 2.3 seconds. The benefit was greatest in those with slower baseline movement and worse standing balance. The specific tilt angle did not change the outcome.
• PTRCT2025Influence of gait-synchronized functional electrical stimulation during exoskeleton-assisted ambulation on cardiorespiratory outcomes in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAdding gait-synchronized functional electrical stimulation to exoskeleton walking raised oxygen consumption per kilogram body mass in 11 adults with incomplete spinal cord injury. The increase was found in 10 of 11 participants, but this was one session and did not show training benefit.
• PTOTOther2025Uncovering attempted movements of the paralyzed upper limb after stroke through EEG and EMG.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationCombining brain and muscle signals detected attempted hand movements in 79% of chronic stroke patients, compared to 50% with brain signals and 53% with muscle signals alone. This hybrid approach offers a more reliable way to identify who can use neural interfaces.
• PTOTSLPPilot2026Promoting community and social participation in chronic stroke: A pilot study of the ENGAGE intervention.Disability and health journalHalf the participants showed meaningful improvement in social participation, but the study lacked a control group. The intervention was feasible and safe, with no injuries reported. Therapists should view this as a promising tool for goal-setting, not proven efficacy.
• PTOTRCT2025Botulinum toxin A combining with robot-assisted bimanual therapy integrating mirror therapy versus botulinum toxin A combining with robot-assisted bimanual therapy in patients with post-stroke spastic fingers: a randomized controlled pilot trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding mirror therapy to robot-assisted hand training after Botox injections improved finger movement more than robot training alone. Both groups gained function, but the mirror group saw larger gains in distal hand control, suggesting a stronger sensory feedback loop helps recovery.
• PTRCT2025The effects of combining anodal transcranial direct current stimulation with robot-assisted gait training on lower limb motor function and the motor cortex regulation of stroke patients.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke patients on a 34-point lower limb motor scale improved more when anodal tDCS was added to robot-assisted gait training plus standard drug and rehabilitation care: 8.16 points on average versus 4.21 points with robot training plus standard care. No sham stimulation was used.
• PTOTSystematic Review2025Optimal exercise modalities for post-intervention motor function changes in stroke survivors: a pairwise and network meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationResistance training best preserved walking endurance, and robotic training best preserved walking speed after stroke rehab ended. However, no exercise modality significantly improved balance or limb motor control during follow-up, suggesting gains in these areas often fade without continued supervision.
• PTOTSLPCohort2026Post-stroke facial palsy: Prevalence, recovery patterns within the first 7 days, risk factors, and effect of hyperacute treatments.Clinical rehabilitationFacial palsy affects 43% of stroke patients on admission, but only 37% recover fully within the first week. Older age and severe motor or sensory impairments predict slower recovery. While thrombolysis was linked to better outcomes, this may reflect patient selection rather than treatment effect.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Rethinking the Accessibility of Hearing Assessments for Children with Developmental Disabilities.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with developmental disabilities were nearly four times more likely than peers to miss gold-standard hearing assessments within three months. This gap was widest for those with cerebral palsy or multiple diagnoses, leaving many children undiagnosed and unable to access hearing technology or early intervention.
• PTOTSLPRCT2025Dual-target tDCS and dual-task training modulate neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity: transcriptomic and behavioral evidence in stroke rehabilitation.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesAdding dual-target brain stimulation to dual-task training improved walking, thinking, and mood in stroke survivors more than sham stimulation. Both groups also received standard physical, occupational, or speech therapy, so the specific contribution of each component cannot be separated.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2025A novel multimodal pharmacologic approach using guanfacine, N-acetylcysteine, and donepezil in severe TBI: a case series.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesTwo men with severe TBI showed large MoCA score improvements after taking guanfacine, NAC, and donepezil alongside rehab. This cannot prove the drugs caused the gains. Do not change practice based on these two cases.