TOPIC

Paediatrics research

Everything we have read on paediatrics. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,466 PAPERS · PAGE 5 OF 50 · NEWEST FIRST

• OTSLPCase Series2017The Cognitive and Behavioral Phenotypes of Individuals with CHRNA7 Duplications.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with CHRNA7 duplications often had speech or language delay, lower IQ scores, and reduced adaptive skills. Speech delay affected 11 of 18, and five scored below 70 on IQ testing. This is a pattern, not evidence that a treatment works.
• OTSLPQualitative2017The meaning of participation for children in Malawi: insights from children and caregivers.Child: care, health and developmentRural Malawian children and carers described participation as helping at home, chatting and playing. Children with disabilities were often kept near home, not expected to do chores, and faced barriers from community attitudes and parents who denied them chances.
• OTPilot2016Feasibility and Potential Benefits of a Web-Based Intervention Delivered Acutely After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescents: A Pilot Study.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationAdolescents with mild head injury using a web-based program combining symptom monitoring, anticipatory guidance, psychoeducation, activity pacing and cognitive-behavioral principles saw daily symptom scores fall by 2.0 points per day early on, but no control group means benefit cannot be attributed.
• OTSLPCohort2017The salience of the self: Self-referential processing and internalizing problems in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchYouth with autism showed reduced self-positivity and weaker memory for self-relevant information. However, positive self-views protected against anxiety and depression in all children, but only if they had strong memory for self-relevant details.
• OTCohort2017Changes in Food Selectivity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of 18 children with autism reported fewer refused foods and less difficult mealtime behavior after about 6.4 years, but food variety did not increase and more children were overweight or obese.
• PTOTCase Report2017The effects of neck and trunk stabilization exercises on cerebral palsy children's static and dynamic trunk balance: case series.Journal of physical therapy scienceEleven children with cerebral palsy did better on sitting trunk-control scores after eight weeks of twice-weekly sessions that included neck and trunk stabilization. But there was no control group, so this cannot show the exercises caused the gain.
• PTOTSLPOther2017Factors Associated with Self-Injurious Behaviors in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Findings from Two Large National Samples.Journal of autism and developmental disordersSelf-injury in children with autism is linked to sleep problems, sensory issues, aggression, anxiety, and lower adaptive skills. It is also associated with younger age and lower socioeconomic status. These findings support asking about self-injury when these other behaviors or factors are present.
• OTSLPCohort2017Mid-childhood outcomes of infant siblings at familial high-risk of autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research15 of 42 high-risk siblings met autism criteria at age 7; they had lower adaptive behaviour and more ADHD and anxiety than low-risk controls. The 24 high-risk siblings without autism had typical-range IQ and language but more separation anxiety.
• PTOTCohort2017Does Corticospinal Tract Connectivity Influence the Response to Intensive Bimanual Therapy in Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy?Neurorehabilitation and neural repairCorticospinal tract pattern did not predict who improved more after intensive bimanual therapy, with lower extremity training at one site. Children with ipsilateral and contralateral patterns improved similarly on several hand function and daily activity measures.
• PTOTCohort2016Physical activity and walking performance: Influence on quality of life in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy (CP).Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineParent-reported physical activity was linked to higher physical and total quality-of-life scores. Walking at a higher pace was linked only to the physical score. Neither was linked to the psychosocial score, and older age was linked to lower scores.
• PTOTSystematic Review2017The effectiveness of robotic-assisted gait training for paediatric gait disorders: systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobotic gait training in children with gait disorders has weak, inconsistent evidence. The combined randomised evidence did not show a clear walking-speed advantage over physiotherapy or exercises; small studies reported better standing or walking, but bias and mixed protocols limit confidence.
• OTOther2017Environmental impact on young children's participation in home-based activities.Developmental medicine and child neurologyCaregivers who saw their home environment as more supportive reported greater child involvement in home activities. Functional limitations and performance were linked to involvement mainly through perceived support, not directly.
• OTSLPCohort2017The Longitudinal Effects of Parenting on Adaptive Behavior in Children with Fragile X Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn children with fragile X syndrome, more responsive mothers were linked to better growth in communication, socialization, and daily living, and to less decline among children who lost skills. Behavior management showed little benefit. This is an association, not proof that parent training causes change.
• OTSurvey2017Family adaptation to cerebral palsy in adolescents: A European multicenter study.Research in developmental disabilities31.8% of parents of adolescents with cerebral palsy had clinically significant stress. Behavioural problems and how severe the child's motor problems were were linked to more distress; family functioning, positive attitude and caregiving breaks were linked to less.
• PTOTCase-Control2017Kinesthetic deficits after perinatal stroke: robotic measurement in hemiparetic children.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with hemiparetic CP from perinatal stroke have measurable kinesthetic deficits. Arterial strokes caused more severe impairments than venous ones. Vision did not compensate for these deficits. Clinical sensory exams often missed the robotic deficits.
• OTSLPOther2017Correlates of Adaptive Functioning in Minimally Verbal Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilitiesMilder social-communication symptoms were linked with better adaptive skills in minimally verbal children with autism, but nonverbal mental age and chronological age explained more. Repetitive behaviours did not add this information after accounting for age and nonverbal mental age.
• OTSLPQualitative2017Qualitative Analysis of Parental Observations on Quality of Life in Australian Children with Down Syndrome.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPParents of children with Down syndrome described quality of life as health, feelings, being heard, communication, movement, routines, independence, relationships, activities, nature, and services. These domains applied across childhood and adolescence.
• OTCohort2017Emotion socialization and internalizing behavior problems in diverse youth: A bidirectional relationship across childhood.Research in developmental disabilitiesIn families of children with or without intellectual disability, supportive parenting reactions were related to later child internalizing problems differently by ethnicity and parent gender. Higher supportive reactions were related to more problems for Anglo mothers and Latino fathers, and fewer for Latina mothers.
• OTSLPQualitative2017The Experiences of Fathers Who Have Offspring with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersFathers of children with ASD described a path from frustration and guilt toward acceptance. They also focused on independence, fighting services, and varied support. Ask fathers what they need; do not assume one support model fits.
• OTSLPCase Report2017Developmental Regression, Depression, and Psychosocial Stress in an Adolescent with Down Syndrome.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPIn an adolescent with Down syndrome and intellectual disability, function improved after antidepressant treatment, CPAP for sleep apnea, and school environment change. No single component can be credited.
• OTSLPCohort2017In pursuit of neurophenotypes: The consequences of having autism and a big brain.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchBoys with autism and very large brains were more likely to have IQ under 70 and low language by age 5, while autism severity scores were similar.
• OTSLPRCT2017Problem-Solving After Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescence: Associations With Functional Outcomes.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationMaladaptive problem-solving style was associated with worse everyday functioning and self-reported impairment in adolescents after TBI. Severe and moderate TBI did not differ on problem-solving measures. The total problem-solving score was higher despite lower rational problem-solving.
• OTOther2017The Psychometric Properties of a New Measure of Sensory Behaviors in Autistic Children.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents' reports on the Sensory Behavior Questionnaire captured sensory behaviors and their daily-life impact in autistic children. Scores separated autistic children from typical peers and added information beyond the Short Sensory Profile.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2017Virtual Reality and Serious Games in Neurorehabilitation of Children and Adults: Prevention, Plasticity, and Participation.Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationVirtual reality and serious games improve balance and motor function in children and adults with neurological conditions, but evidence for participation and fitness gains is mixed. Dose and system type matter, yet clinical adoption is hindered by lack of training and clear guidelines.
• OTOther2017Association of Rigid-Compulsive Behavior with Functional Constipation in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn children and adolescents with autism, those with functional constipation were rated by parents as having more rigid-compulsive behavior, especially rituals and sameness. The compulsive behavior link did not hold in medication-free or behavioral-medication subgroups.
• PTOTNarrative Review2017Activity-Based Therapy: From Basic Science to Clinical Application for Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTIntense, task-specific movement below the spinal cord injury is the core of activity-based therapy. The review also describes a movement-quality scale and three children with chronic SCI reported to change following locomotor training.
• PTOTCohort2017Therapy Use for Children With Developmental Conditions: Analysis of Colorado Medicaid Data.Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationColorado Medicaid infants and toddlers with more chronic conditions were more likely to receive physical or occupational therapy, at higher doses and spending. Those with developmental delays used more PT/OT than those with developmental diagnoses.
• OTSLPCohort2017Autism Spectrum Disorder in Males with Sex Chromosome Aneuploidy: XXY/Klinefelter Syndrome, XYY, and XXYY.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPASD was much more common in males with XYY or XXYY than in XXY/KS, reaching 43% and 52% under DSM-5. Updating from DSM-IV to DSM-5 raised the overall rate slightly, but the study did not show a clear change.
• OTSurvey2017The Health and Economic Well-Being of US Mothers with Intellectual Impairments.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDMothers grouped as having intellectual impairments by a vocabulary test score below 80 more often reported a work-limiting health condition, lower income, poverty and WIC benefits than other mothers. Emotional health, parenting stress and partner support did not differ.
• OTCohort2017Child and Adult Factors Related to Quality of Life in Adults with Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disordersQuality of life ratings for adults who could self-report, and for their families or care staff, were mostly near population averages. Their own and caregiver views often disagreed, especially on social life.
• PTOTSLPCohort2017Occupational therapy, physical therapy and speech-language pathology in the neonatal intensive care unit: Patterns of therapy usage in a level IV NICU.Research in developmental disabilitiesMore therapy was not associated with better neurobehavior, though earlier SLP initiation was related to better self-regulation. 100% of infants received OT and PT, and 51% had an SLP evaluation.
• OTCase-Control2017Neural synchronization deficits linked to cortical hyper-excitability and auditory hypersensitivity in fragile X syndrome.Molecular autismIn fragile X syndrome, auditory brain responses to a rising-frequency stimulus were less synchronized and had more ongoing high-frequency activity. These patterns tracked auditory hypersensitivity and social communication scores.
• OTOther2017Participation in Early Childhood Educational Environments for Young Children with and Without Developmental Disabilities and Delays: A Mixed Methods Study.Physical & occupational therapy in pediatricsParents of children with developmental delays or disabilities reported less involvement and perceived less supportive daycare or preschool environments than parents of children without delays. Parents wanting change most often described child-care tasks and peer groups, but this does not prove any strategy works.
• OTQualitative2016Latino Families' Experiences With Autism Services: Disparities, Capabilities, and Occupational Justice.OTJR : occupation, participation and healthParents described some child improvements they linked to state-funded ABA, but most modified or opted out because required intensity, home presence, and rigid routines did not fit family life.
• OTSLPQualitative2017'Maybe I will give some help…. maybe not to help the eyes but different help': an analysis of care and support of children with visual impairment in community settings in Malawi.Child: care, health and developmentCarers of young Malawian children with visual impairment said play and communication were limited by eye pain, unsafe surroundings, stigma and lack of advice. They used touch, sound and routine narration to help children understand the world.
• OTOther2017A few of my favorite things: circumscribed interests in autism are not accompanied by increased attentional salience on a personalized selective attention task.Molecular autismAutistic participants ignored images of their special interests when the word task was hard, unlike neurotypical participants, who stayed distracted by interest images at every difficulty level. Reported interest strength was similar in both groups.
• OTQualitative2016Establishing the Cultural Equivalence of the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM) for Use in Singapore.Physical & occupational therapy in pediatricsEven though Singapore uses English, many YC-PEM items needed changes for young children’s participation. Activity examples, wording, and item order were revised. Parents understood instructions, although providers worried the questionnaire was lengthy.
• OTOther2016The impact of handwriting difficulties on compositional quality in children with developmental coordination disorder.The British journal of occupational therapyChildren with DCD wrote lower-quality free writing than matched peers. Handwriting speed and misspelling rate were linked to writing quality, so occupational therapists should look beyond legibility when handwriting problems appear.
• OTPilot2016Effectiveness of Earmuffs and Noise-cancelling Headphones for Coping with Hyper-reactivity to Auditory Stimuli in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Preliminary Study.Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOTFor children with autism spectrum disorder, earmuff use was linked to better individual behaviour goal scores than no device. Noise-cancelling headphones did not show the same result, and several children refused devices. Results are preliminary.
• OTOther2016Reliability and Validity of the Activity Participation Assessment for School-age Children in Korea.Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOTA 38-item Korean questionnaire about how often school-age children do home, school, social, sport, and self-care tasks was stable over 2 weeks. Parents reported lower participation for children with intellectual disability than for nondisabled children. It may guide OT conversations, not prove treatment benefit.
• OTOther2016Theory of Mind Deficit is Associated with Pretend Play Performance, but not Playfulness, in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOTIn 20 verbal children with autism, theory of mind was linked to pretend play performance, but not consistently to playfulness. Autism severity was linked to play elaborateness and some playfulness scores.
• OTSLPQualitative2017Maternal experience raising girls with autism spectrum disorder: a qualitative study.Child: care, health and developmentMothers of verbally fluent girls with autism described delayed diagnosis, disbelief from others, and few resources about girls. They also described adolescence bringing social, puberty, and safety worries, and a changed mother-daughter bond.
• OTSurvey2017The Role of the Broader Autism Phenotype and Environmental Stressors in the Adjustment of Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Taiwan and the United Kingdom.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn siblings of autistic children in Taiwan and the UK, mothers linked higher autism-like traits in the sibling to more reported difficulties, but the siblings' own reports did not. The idea that stress and traits combine was only weakly supported.
• PTOTOther2017A comparison of the function, activity and participation and quality of life between down syndrome children and typically developing children.Journal of physical therapy scienceDown syndrome children had more difficulty in body function, activity and participation, and lower parent-reported quality of life than typically developing children. In the Down syndrome group, function, activity and participation, and quality of life scores were related.
• OTSLPCohort2017Evaluating the quality of peer interactions in children and adolescents with autism with the Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale (PIPPS).Molecular autismTeacher reports of withdrawn or disconnected play lined up with parent reports of friendship quality. More severe repetitive behaviors and lower verbal ability were linked to less peer connection. It did not match parent reports for all kinds of play behavior.
• PTOTSLPOther2017General Pediatrician-Staffed Behavioral/Developmental Access Clinic Decreases Time to Evaluation of Early Childhood Developmental Disorders.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPA general pediatrician access clinic saw children under 5 sooner for developmental evaluation: 159 days instead of 327 for already scheduled patients, and 11 days for new callers.
• OTCohort2017Childhood Predictors of Young Adult Social Functioning in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents reported lower social functioning in young adults with 22q11.2DS than in control peers, but self-reported social functioning did not differ. Childhood internalizing symptoms predicted lower parent-reported social functioning later, while general intelligence and executive skills did not.
• OTCase-Control2017Intrainsular connectivity and somatosensory responsiveness in young children with ASD.Molecular autismIn young children with ASD, tactile seeking was tied to a brain tract linking sensory and emotional touch areas in the opposite direction from typical children. The ASD group also showed more touch defensiveness, more seeking, and poorer touch discrimination.
• OTSLPCohort2017The EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP): clinical characterisation.Molecular autismAutism symptoms looked more severe in males than females on clinician and parent interview measures, but parent questionnaires showed no sex difference and adult females reported higher symptoms. Adults had lower parent-reported symptoms than children.
• OTOther2017Translational Research for Occupational Therapy: Using SPRE in Hippotherapy for Children with Developmental Disabilities.Occupational therapy internationalIn children receiving hippotherapy, HEAT scores changed in three of four domains, except static posture. A single-subject method flagged two of five children with negative static-posture predictions. Total scores can hide domain-specific problems.