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Paediatrics research

Everything we have read on paediatrics. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,466 PAPERS · PAGE 4 OF 50 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTPilot2017Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy for Children With Brain Tumors.Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationNine children with brain tumor hemiplegia completed all 15 constraint-induced movement therapy sessions. Quality of life scores did not show a clear change, but arm use improved and was mostly maintained at 3 months.
• PTOTSurvey2016Study on the quality of life of children with cerebral palsy.Journal of physical therapy scienceQuality of life in children with cerebral palsy was linked to mental function, pain, movement, self-care, school and social participation, and environmental barriers. These are daily-life and environment factors, not only movement.
• OTSystematic Review2016Systematic review of the effects of mirror therapy in children with cerebral palsy.Journal of physical therapy scienceAcross nine studies in children with cerebral palsy, mirror therapy improved hand or arm measures in seven, but a study found worse daily tasks with both hands and no randomized trial was included.
• PTOTCase Report2016The effects of neck and trunk stabilization exercises on upper limb and visuoperceptual function in children with cerebral palsy.Journal of physical therapy scienceEleven children with cerebral palsy improved hand function and visual-motor speed after eight weeks of neck and trunk stabilization exercises. Because this was a small case series without a control group, it cannot confirm the exercises caused the gains.
• PTOTRCT2017Effects of singular and dual task constraints on motor skill variability in childhood.Gait & postureYoung children aged 4 to 6 varied more in finger rotation and in carrying a box while walking than older children. Obstacle crossing did not show age differences. This describes motor variability in children without known conditions, not treatment effects.
• PTOTRCT2017Klapp method effect on idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents: blind randomized controlled clinical trial.Journal of physical therapy scienceKlapp method exercises did not reduce spinal curvature or correct body asymmetry in adolescents with suspected scoliosis. Back extensor strength increased, but the control group also improved, so the exercise alone did not cause this change.
• PTOTOther2016Three-dimensional motion analysis in the elbow joint position sense in children.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 19 healthy children, elbow position sense was more accurate at 30° than at 110° in the right arm. The left arm showed no clear difference, and the dominant arm did not clearly outperform the other.
• PTOTSLPOther2016What do the relationships between functional classification systems of children with cerebral palsy tell us?Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 327 children with spastic cerebral palsy, motor, hand-use, and communication classifications moved together, especially in quadriplegia. Better motor and hand-use levels were associated with being an effective communicator.
• PTOTSLPCohort2017Long-Term School Outcomes of Children and Adolescents With Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationChildren with severe TBI need school support services immediately. Those with mild or moderate injuries often appear fine at two years but require comparable support by six years post-injury. Monitor academic performance long-term, not just at discharge.
• PTOTSLPOther2017Comparison of differences in respiratory function and pressure as a predominant abnormal movement of children with cerebral palsy.Journal of physical therapy scienceChildren with ataxic cerebral palsy had the lowest lung capacity and inspiratory strength, while those with spastic type had the highest. Dyskinetic type fell in between. Assessing respiratory function is necessary because these differences depend on the specific movement disorder.
• PTOTRCT2016Skilled Bimanual Training Drives Motor Cortex Plasticity in Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn children with unilateral cerebral palsy, 90 hours of structured bimanual skill training enlarged hand movement areas in the brain and strengthened muscle responses to brain stimulation. Unstructured play did not. Both groups improved hand function similarly.
• PTOTSLPCohort2016Association Between Facility Type During Pediatric Inpatient Rehabilitation and Functional Outcomes.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationChildren treated at children’s hospital rehabilitation units had shorter stays and gained function faster than those at other facilities. After adjusting for illness severity, they ended with only 2.3 more cognitive points. This difference is likely too small to matter clinically.
• PTOTOther2017Effects of gross motor function and manual function levels on performance-based ADL motor skills of children with spastic cerebral palsy.Journal of physical therapy scienceChildren with mild to moderate spastic cerebral palsy classified at GMFCS or MACS Level III had lower ADL motor skill scores on real tasks than Level I children, especially during dressing, shoe donning, and cereal preparation.
• OTSLPSurvey2016Diagnosis lost: Differences between children who had and who currently have an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis.Autism : the international journal of research and practice13.1% of school-aged children ever diagnosed with ASD no longer had the diagnosis. Parents most often said new information changed it, while 21.0% said treatment or maturation.
• OTOther2017Stability of stereognosis after pediatric repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and constraint-induced movement therapy clinical trial.Developmental neurorehabilitationIn 10 children with hemiparesis who had poor touch recognition by hand, most improved after combined rTMS and CIMT, but gains varied and some were lost at follow-up. This small follow-up cannot show which treatment caused change.
• PTOTSLPCohort2016Early gross motor skills predict the subsequent development of language in children with autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchIn children with autism, later walking onset predicted slower language growth, but this link vanished once general motor ability and nonverbal IQ were accounted for. Overall gross motor skills remained a significant predictor of language development.
• OTOther2017Sensory and repetitive behaviors among children with autism spectrum disorder at home.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn children's homes, negative reactions to sounds, sights and touch clustered in care routines and family-initiated tasks. Sensory seeking clustered in free play and child-led moments. Repetitive behavior looked similar but was not confirmed, and hyporesponsive behavior was too rare.
• OTSLPCohort2017Race, disability, and grade: Social relationships in children with autism spectrum disorders.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceChildren with autism received fewer friendship nominations than their typical peers, especially in upper grades. African American and Latino children with autism in grades 3–5 faced the sharpest drop in social integration and friendships compared to White typical peers in lower grades.
• OTQualitative2017'I Know it was Every Week, but I Can't be Sure if it was Every Day: Domestic Violence and Women with Learning Disabilities.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDWomen with mild learning disabilities described severe, ongoing partner abuse that often continued after leaving. Many felt unsupported by services, yet most later reported improved lives once free.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2016Functioning and disability in autism spectrum disorder: A worldwide survey of experts.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchExperts worldwide most often named brain structure, voluntary movement control and higher cognitive functions as central to ASD functioning. They also reported strengths and gender differences. This survey informs assessment categories, not tested interventions.
• OTSLPOther2017Lessons learned: Engaging culturally diverse families in neurodevelopmental disorders intervention research.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceEngaging low-income Latino families in autism and ADHD research required shifting from clinic-based to school-based delivery, replacing lectures with small-group discussions, and hiring a bilingual community navigator. Flexible scheduling, Spanish text messaging, and joint questionnaire completion were essential for retention.
• OTCohort2016Persistence of megalencephaly in a subgroup of young boys with autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchIn boys with autism, a subgroup with brain size disproportionate to height kept enlarged brains through about 5 years. Their head growth became larger than controls by around 24 months, while height did not differ.
• PTOTCohort2017Using diffusion tensor imaging to identify corticospinal tract projection patterns in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) identified the corticospinal tract in 81.8% of cases where TMS confirmed it, offering a practical alternative for children who cannot tolerate TMS. In children with bilateral connectivity, the tract from the damaged side showed poorer integrity than the healthy side.
• PTOTSLPCohort2017Bayley-III motor scale and neurological examination at 2 years do not predict motor skills at 4.5 years.Developmental medicine and child neurologyBayley-III motor scores and neurological exams at 2 years did not predict motor difficulties at 4.5 years. Children with normal 2-year scores often developed significant motor problems later. Do not rely on these early assessments to rule out future motor issues in at-risk children.
• PTOTSystematic Review2017A systematic review of high quality randomized controlled trials investigating motor skill programmes for children with developmental coordination disorder.Clinical rehabilitationFor children with developmental coordination disorder, individualized task-oriented training, including Neuromotor Task Training and motor imagery with practice, had the strongest support. Wii, core stability, table tennis, Tae Kwon Do and aquatic therapy did not.
• OTSLPOther2016Brief Report: The Effects of Equine-Assisted Activities on the Social Functioning in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersFifteen children and adolescents with autism did not show improvement in overall adaptive behaviour or socialisation after a 6-week horse activity programme. Parent-reported autism traits, maladaptive behaviour and empathy scores improved.
• OTOther2016The Role of Attention in Somatosensory Processing: A Multi-trait, Multi-method Analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParent-reported sensory problems in children with autism did not match lab touch tests. Parent-reported attention and sensory ratings moved together, and lab attention and lab touch performance moved together.
• PTOTQualitative2017A qualitative investigation of recovery after femoral fracture in Rett syndrome.Child: care, health and developmentCaregivers of females with Rett syndrome after femoral fracture described subtle, individual pain signs, delayed diagnosis, high stress, strained trust with schools or respite, and that independent walkers recovered while assisted walkers often lost mobility.
• OTSLPRCT2016A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Low-Dose Sertraline in Young Children With Fragile X Syndrome.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPLow-dose sertraline did not improve expressive language or clinician-rated global improvement more than placebo in young children with fragile X. Some secondary gains appeared in fine motor, visual reception, and combined developmental scores.
• PTOTSurvey2017Knee pain in adolescents: prevalence, risk factors, and functional impairment.Brazilian journal of physical therapy22.6% of adolescents reported knee pain in the past week. Pain was more common in older teens and in those not doing school physical education. Girls with knee pain reported greater functional impairment.
• OTSurvey2017Increased Sensory Processing Atypicalities in Parents of Multiplex ASD Families Versus Typically Developing and Simplex ASD Families.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents from multiplex ASD families reported more sensory sensitivity, avoidance and low registration, and less sensation seeking, than parents of typically developing children. This was self-report, not evidence of a disorder or a treatment target.
• PTOTCohort2017How Receptive Are Patients With Late Stage Cancer to Rehabilitation Services and What Are the Sources of Their Resistance?Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationMost patients with late-stage lung cancer refused rehabilitation even when distressed by their limitations. The main barrier was believing they did not need help. Clinicians should expect resistance and discuss why therapy matters before referring, rather than assuming distress drives uptake.
• OTCase-Control2017Reduced GABA and altered somatosensory function in children with autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchChildren with autism had lower GABA in the brain area handling touch and movement. They detected weak touch less well and did not show the normal change after prior touch. Lower GABA was linked to a smaller effect of weak prior touch on detection.
• PTOTSLPCohort2016Sociodemographic Disparities in Intervention Service Utilization in Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersFamilies using public insurance received fewer weekly hours of individual therapy than those with private insurance. Non-English speaking families also received fewer hours. Children of Black mothers entered classroom services earlier than White children, though this may reflect differences in prior diagnoses or childcare needs rather than superior access.
• OTSLPCohort2016The Role of Executive Function in Independent Living Skills in Female Adolescents and Young Adults With Fragile X Syndrome.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilitiesYoung women with Fragile X Syndrome scored higher on a performance-based independent living test than matched controls, but caregiver-reported daily skills showed no difference. Phonemic verbal fluency predicted performance-based independence, but earlier executive function did not predict later outcomes.
• OTCase-Control2017Dyspraxia in ASD: Impaired coordination of movement elements.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchChildren with ASD were less accurate copying gestures. The difference was largest when the gesture required several movement parts to happen at once.
• OTCohort2017Milestone achievement in emerging adulthood in spina bifida: a longitudinal investigation of parental expectations.Developmental medicine and child neurologyParents of children with spina bifida lowered expectations over time, especially when the child had lower cognitive ability. Those expectations did not predict adult milestones, and adults with spina bifida achieved fewer milestones than peers.
• OTOther2016Reputation Management in Children on the Autism Spectrum.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutistic children did not change their generosity when observed, unlike typical peers who were unaffected by observation. However, many autistic children did protect their reputation when explicitly told a poor game score would be seen. This suggests a gap between automatic social awareness and deliberate self-presentation.
• PTOTSLPCohort2017Two-year follow-up of outcomes related to scarring and distress in children with severe burns.Disability and rehabilitationSeverely burned children saw pain, itch, and mobility improve over two years, but distress about facial scarring and foot function persisted in nearly half. Girls reported more pain and sleep problems than boys. Body image concerns remained high throughout the study period.
• OTOther2017Brief Report: Which Came First? Exploring Crossmodal Temporal Order Judgements and Their Relationship with Sensory Reactivity in Autism and Neurotypicals.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdults with autism showed no significant difference from neurotypical adults in judging which sensory cue came first across sight, sound and touch. Some reported sensory reactivity linked to task bias or timing, but the overall pattern was not consistent.
• OTOther2016Sensory Responsiveness in Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.Journal of autism and developmental disordersUnaffected siblings of children with autism did not show atypical sensory scores compared with controls, although the sibling and control groups were small. Children with autism did show more atypical sensory scores.
• OTOther2016Do children and adolescent ice hockey players with and without a history of concussion differ in robotic testing of sensory, motor and cognitive function?Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIce hockey players aged 10 to 14 with a history of concussion performed similarly to players without a history on robotic tests of reaching, position sense, bimanual movement, attention, and decision making. The tests did not separate the groups.
• OTSLPCohort2017Predictors of Parent Responsiveness to 1-Year-Olds At-Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of 12-month-olds at risk for autism who were less responsive to sensory input and communicated less tended to talk less and play more physically. This shift may reduce verbal language input during a critical period for communication development.
• OTOther2016Drawing Firmer Conclusions: Autistic Children Show No Evidence of a Local Processing Bias in a Controlled Copying Task.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCopying accuracy was similar in autistic and typical children. Both groups were less accurate when corners were skewed, and there was no sign of a detail-focused copying bias.
• PTOTPilot2016Quantifying selective elbow movements during an exergame in children with neurological disorders: a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn 33 children with neurological disorders, an airplane exergame measured isolated elbow movement. Scores matched therapists' judgments and trunk/strength measures, but did not worsen when the game became harder.
• PTOTSLPCohort2017Effects of taekwondo intervention on cognitive function and academic self-efficacy in children.Journal of physical therapy scienceTaekwondo training improved Stroop Color-Word scores and self-confidence in children, but did not significantly change most other cognitive or self-efficacy measures. The study lacked an active exercise control, so benefits cannot be separated from general physical activity.
• OTSLPOther2016Brief Report: Prevalence of Self-injurious Behaviors among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder-A Population-Based Study.Journal of autism and developmental disorders27.7% of 8-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder in selected areas of the United States had documented self-injury, and prevalence varied widely by site. Ask about head banging, hair pulling, arm biting, eye poking, and skin scratching, especially with cognitive or adaptive delays.
• OTSLPRCT2016A randomized problem-solving trial for adolescent brain injury: Changes in social competence.Rehabilitation psychologyA web-based problem-solving program did not improve social competence overall. However, it helped specific subgroups: younger teens with moderate injuries and older teens with severe injuries showed gains on parent-rated social skills. These improvements did not extend to measures of actual social participation.
• PTOTSLPCohort2016Unmet Health Services Needs Among US Children with Developmental Disabilities: Associations with Family Impact and Child Functioning.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPUnmet health service needs were not linked to children's behavioral problems the next year, but they were common, especially therapy and respite needs, and linked to family financial and employment impacts.
• OTOther2016Association Between Executive Function and Problematic Adolescent Driving.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPPerformance-based executive function scores were unrelated to self-reported crashes, tickets, or being pulled over in 46 drivers. Some self-reported executive difficulties, especially planning and inhibition, were associated with crashes or police contact.