THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 359 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• OTSurvey2020Stress at work: The case of municipal police officers.Work (Reading, Mass.)Municipal police officers who believed their job was more stressful than others and experienced daily stress were more likely to consult a psychologist. Common stressors included physical abuse, working in a hurry, and dangerous interventions, while passive coping like watching TV was frequent.
• Survey2020Concussion reporting, return to learn, and return to play experiences in a sample of private preparatory high school students.Brain injuryAmong 1,999 private high school students who played a sport or engaged in a recreational activity, 31.4% reported a concussion. Of those, 22.0% hid at least one, most often to keep playing or because they thought it was not serious.
• SLPCohort2020Determinants of an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in childhood and adolescence: Evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceOnly 21.4% of children with parent-reported autism in this UK cohort were diagnosed before school, and 27.9% after secondary school entry. Typical cognitive scores and absent early parental concern were linked to later diagnosis.
• PTOther2020Time evolution of frontal plane dynamic balance during locomotor transitions of altered anticipation and complexity.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationUnexpected walking changes, especially cuts combined with stairs, increased sideways whole-body momentum in five healthy young adults. Crossover cuts produced larger momentum changes before and after the transition than sidestep cuts.
• OTOther2020Impact of Family-Centered Early Intervention in Infants with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Single-Subject Design.Occupational therapy internationalIn three infants with suspected autism spectrum disorder, a family-centered home intervention increased looking and gesturing during free play. Speech improved in two infants, not the third. With only three infants and no control group, this cannot show the intervention works.
• PTOTSystematic Review2020Technology for monitoring everyday prosthesis use: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationObjective sensors can show real-world prosthesis use, but most studies found little difference between prosthetic components. Activity levels often tracked clinical function, while self-report and clinic tests did not fully capture everyday patterns.
• PTOTOther2020The Seated Postural & Reaching Control Test in Cerebral Palsy: A Validation Study.Physical & occupational therapy in pediatricsTrained raters scored the seated postural and reaching test consistently, and its scores lined up with other cerebral palsy measures. The 5-second static sitting test detected only 31% of children with static control deficits.
• SLPOther2020Creating Accessible Survey Instruments for Use with Autistic Adults and People with Intellectual Disability: Lessons Learned and Recommendations.Autism in adulthoodAutistic adults and people with intellectual disability often find standard survey questions confusing, anxiety-inducing, or culturally invalid. Researchers must adapt language, response options, and context with community partners to get accurate data, rather than relying on unvalidated general-population measures.
• PTOTOther2020Precise quantification of the time course of voluntary activation capacity following Botulinum toxin injections in the biceps brachii muscles of chronic stroke survivors.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationBotulinum toxin injections in stroke survivors caused a 50% drop in elbow force within two weeks, with only partial recovery by twelve weeks. Muscle electrical activity remained 35% below baseline, indicating lasting weakness that clinical spasticity scores missed.
• PTSystematic Review2020Relying on more sense for enhancing lower limb prostheses control: a review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationExtra sensors can identify stairs and ramps for prosthetic legs in labs, with accuracies from 82% to 99%, but real-world benefit and fall reduction are unproven.
• SLPOther2020Collaboration between parents and SLTs produces optimal outcomes for children attending speech and language therapy: Gathering the evidence.International journal of language & communication disordersNo tested outcome is reported for collaboration between parents and speech and language therapists. The paper proposes a theory for future research.
• SLPMeta-Analysis2020Associations Between Subjective Tinnitus and Cognitive Performance: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses.Trends in hearingPeople with more severe tinnitus scored worse on cognitive tests, especially for shifting attention and processing speed. However, hearing loss and depression likely explain some of this gap. These factors must be controlled before blaming tinnitus for cognitive decline.
• Narrative Review2020Emerging proteomic approaches to identify the underlying pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders.Molecular autismThis narrative review describes laboratory proteomic methods for studying autism spectrum disorder. It does not report a clinical study or patient outcomes, so there is no finding to change practice.
• PTOTOther2020Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the STarT back screening tool in isiZulu.The South African journal of physiotherapyIsiZulu-speaking patients found the translated STarT Back tool easy to understand and complete. While patients accepted it, the scores were not consistent enough to reliably group patients into low, medium, or high risk, so it should not yet be used to direct treatment.
• PTOther2020Walking with a powered ankle-foot orthosis: the effects of actuation timing and stiffness level on healthy users.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWalking with a powered ankle orthosis increased metabolic cost compared to normal walking, though it reduced soleus muscle activity. Later push-off timing and softer stiffness settings appeared more efficient, but no single configuration significantly outperformed others in healthy users.
• PTPilot2020Step length symmetry adaptation to split-belt treadmill walking after acquired non-traumatic transtibial amputation.Gait & postureSplit-belt treadmill walking made step lengths more symmetrical in eight people with transtibial amputation from diabetes or vascular disease, and some symmetry remained after returning to even belts. This is a short single-session adaptation, not proof of lasting gait improvement.
• SLPOther2020Inattention and hyperactive/impulsive component scores do not differentiate between autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a clinical sample.Molecular autismInattention and hyperactivity scores do not distinguish autism from ADHD, as levels were similar in both groups. Social communication and repetitive behavior scores were higher in autism. Clinicians should screen for autism symptoms in children with ADHD, as co-occurrence is often missed.
• SLPCohort2020Children with language delay referred to Dutch speech and hearing centres: caseload characteristics.International journal of language & communication disordersBoys were referred to speech therapy 5 months earlier than girls, and monolingual children 3 months earlier than bilingual children. Bilingual children were more likely to have combined receptive and expressive problems, suggesting girls and bilingual children with milder issues are being missed.
• PTOther2020The assessment of procedural skills in physiotherapy education: a measurement study using the Rasch model.Archives of physiotherapyA shortened 25-item version of the APSPT may score physiotherapy students' procedural skills as one overall skill. This was tested in 69 pre-registration physiotherapy students at one school.
• OTSLPCohort2020Developmental Trajectories of Adaptive Behavior From Toddlerhood to Middle Childhood in Autism Spectrum Disorder.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilitiesChildren with autism showed gains in communication, daily living, and socialization skills from toddlerhood to middle childhood. Higher mental age at age two predicted faster skill growth. More perseverative errors on a cognitive flexibility task predicted slower growth in socialization skills.
• PTCohort2020Electroencephalographic Phase Synchrony Index as a Biomarker of Poststroke Motor Impairment and Recovery.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn 40 patients with stroke-related one-sided weakness, EEG signal timing between motor areas was related to arm impairment, and timing in the opposite hemisphere was related to later arm recovery.
• OTOther2019Professional Reasoning in Occupational Therapy: A Scoping Review.Occupational therapy internationalResearch on occupational therapists' professional reasoning grew steadily from 1982 to 2017, mostly in English, with qualitative studies predominating. It maps how reasoning was studied, not whether any reasoning method improves patient care.
• OTRCT2019The Priming Effects of Mirror Visual Feedback on Bilateral Task Practice: A Randomized Controlled Study.Occupational therapy internationalAdding mirror visual feedback to bilateral arm training did not improve motor function more than training alone. However, patients using the mirror showed significant gains in self-perceived quality of life and a trend toward better temperature sensation, suggesting the visual illusion may help with sensory and emotional recovery rather than just movement.
• OTOther2019Psychometric Properties of Sensory Processing and Self-Regulation Checklist (SPSRC).Occupational therapy internationalThe Sensory Processing and Self-Regulation Checklist reliably distinguishes children with autism from their peers. It identifies four self-regulation factors and four sensory processing factors, offering a structured way to assess both sensory and regulatory difficulties in daily life.
• PTNarrative Review2020Context matters: the psychoneurobiological determinants of placebo, nocebo and context-related effects in physiotherapy.Archives of physiotherapyPhysiotherapy outcomes can be shaped by the treatment context, including therapist words, relationship, setting and touch. Positive suggestions may enhance benefit; negative or uncertain ones may worsen symptoms.
• SLPRCT2020Hearing Aid Self-Adjustment: Effects of Formal Speech-Perception Test and Noise.Trends in hearingA formal speech-perception test between two hearing-aid self-adjustments did not change the second adjustment in 24 hearing-aid users. Noise also did not change adjusted output. Self-adjustment did improve speech recognition and audibility from the generic setting.
• SLPRCT2020Cochlear Implantation in Cases of Asymmetric Hearing Loss: Subjective Benefit, Word Recognition, and Spatial Hearing.Trends in hearingIn adults with asymmetric hearing loss, cochlear implant plus hearing aid improved word recognition, sound location, everyday listening benefit, and tinnitus within weeks. It outperformed no device or routing sound to the better ear.
• PTOTRCT2020Cortical priming strategies for gait training after stroke: a controlled, stratified trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationHigh-intensity treadmill training improved walking speed and endurance in all groups, but adding cortical priming did not enhance these gains. One subgroup showed brain excitability changes, but this did not translate to better walking performance.
• SLPSurvey2020Perspectives and practices of ototoxicity monitoring.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsAt a South African cancer centre, all oncologists and pharmacists knew cisplatin can cause hearing loss, but only 33% of nurses did. Hearing checks were not routine, and patients were usually referred only after they complained.
• OTSLPOther2020The association between challenging behaviour and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in people with intellectual disabilities: a Bayesian mediation analysis approach.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRInformant ratings linked trauma exposure to irritability and hyperactivity via PTSD symptoms. Self-reported trauma showed no such links. The disconnect between self-report and informant data suggests behavioural signs may mask internal trauma symptoms.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2020Post-stroke dysphagia: An exploration of initial identification and management performed by nurses and doctors.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsNurses and doctors mostly used informal observation to spot swallowing problems, often missing key signs like voice changes or voluntary cough. They also reported using unsafe practices like syringe feeding and prescribing exercises outside their scope. This highlights a need for better training and formal screening tools.
• PTOther2020Recommendations for Hospital-Based Physical Therapists Managing Patients With COVID-19.Physical therapyNo patient outcomes are reported. This document provides consensus-based recommendations for physical therapists on managing hospitalized adults with COVID-19, focusing on safety, respiratory support, and mobilization.
• Narrative Review2020Exploring the mechanisms underlying excitation/inhibition imbalance in human iPSC-derived models of ASD.Molecular autismHuman stem cell-derived neurons with autism-related genetic variants show altered excitatory and inhibitory activity. The direction varies by gene and model, so these laboratory findings do not establish patient-level effects.
• Other2020Tsc1 haploinsufficiency in Nkx2.1 cells upregulates hippocampal interneuron mTORC1 activity, impairs pyramidal cell synaptic inhibition, and alters contextual fear discrimination and spatial working memory in mice.Molecular autismIn mice with a genetic mutation linked to autism, reducing mTORC1 activity with rapamycin restored brain cell inhibition and improved memory tasks. This explains a biological mechanism but offers no evidence that rapamycin helps human patients.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2020Physical Therapist Management of Total Knee Arthroplasty.Physical therapyPTs should start supervised care within 24 hours, use NMES and high-intensity strength training, and include motor function training. Avoid continuous passive motion devices. Teach cryotherapy and preoperative exercise. Use group or individual sessions as needed, and collect KOOS JR, 30-Second Sit-to-Stand, and TUG scores.
• OTSLPOther2020Effectiveness of a modified group cognitive behavioral therapy program for anxiety in children with ASD delivered in a community context.Molecular autismCommunity-delivered CBT for anxiety in children with autism worked as well as hospital-based care. Parent-reported anxiety scores dropped significantly, and 90% of enrolled children finished the program. The study found no specific child characteristics predicted who improved.
• PTOTPilot2020Can kinematic parameters of 3D reach-to-target movements be used as a proxy for clinical outcome measures in chronic stroke rehabilitation? An exploratory study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobot-assisted arm therapy improved clinical scores in 10 chronic stroke survivors, but arm movement smoothness and range did not change consistently. Kinematic tracking failed to mirror clinical gains, suggesting it cannot yet replace standard assessments for measuring recovery.
• PTOther2020Passive-elastic knee-ankle exoskeleton reduces the metabolic cost of walking.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationCompared with walking without an exoskeleton, this device increased metabolic power by 23% in eight healthy adults, even though with the springs engaged it was 10.7% lower than the same device disengaged.
• PTOTOther2020Relationship between Mastery Motivation and Sensory Processing Difficulties in South Korean Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder.Occupational therapy internationalSouth Korean children with DCD showed definite sensory processing difficulties and low mastery motivation. Higher negative reactions to failure and lower perceived competence predicted worse sensory processing scores. Clinicians should assess motivation and confidence when planning sensory interventions.
• SLPSystematic Review2020Interventions to address health outcomes among autistic adults: A systematic review.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAdapted cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness had some support for reducing anxiety and depression in autistic adults without intellectual disability. Most other interventions, including medical treatments, had no established evidence.
• PTOther2020Fractal auditory stimulation has greater benefit for people with Parkinson's disease showing more random gait pattern.Gait & postureA fractal metronome made stride timing less random in people with Parkinson's disease and older adults, especially those with the most random baseline gait. The fractal music was harder to follow and did not show this benefit.
• SLPNarrative Review2020Postintubation Dysphagia During COVID-19 Outbreak-Contemporary Review.DysphagiaNo COVID-19 dysphagia data yet, but prolonged intubation raises dysphagia risk. Speech therapists should use nurse-administered screening, keep distance, and avoid FEES/VFS or reflex cough testing unless essential.
• PTOther2020Reliability and validity of the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale in patients with spinal cord injury.The South African journal of physiotherapyFor South African adults leaving spinal cord injury rehabilitation, a 21-item questionnaire about discharge readiness gave consistent scores and mostly reflected patients' own readiness. It did not meet every item-level standard.
• SLPOther2020Rapid Perceptual Learning: A Potential Source of Individual Differences in Speech Perception Under Adverse Conditions?Trends in hearingRapid learning of distorted speech predicts how well people understand other challenging speech, independent of hearing loss, vocabulary, and memory. Older adults with hearing loss learn more slowly but still rely on this capacity, suggesting it is a key driver of listening difficulty.
• PTOther2020Robotic tests for position sense and movement discrimination in the upper limb reveal that they each are highly reproducible but not correlated in healthy individuals.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn healthy adults, two robotic upper-limb tests each gave repeatable results, but movement-discrimination and position-matching scores were unrelated. One test may not tell you how someone performs on the other.
• SLPOther2019Developing a Culture of Successful Communication in Acute Care Settings: Part II. Solving Institutional Issues.Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups
• SLPNarrative Review2019Behind the Scenes of Noninvasive Brain-Computer Interfaces: A Review of Electroencephalography Signals, How They Are Recorded, and Why They Matter.Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groupsEEG brain-computer interfaces translate cognitive signals like attention and motor imagery into device control for communication. Visual P300 systems show pooled accuracy of 72.94% in ALS users. Performance varies by individual profile, so these are assistive tools, not thought readers.
• SLPCase Series2019Developing a Culture of Successful Communication in Acute Care Settings: Part I. Solving Patient-Specific Issues.Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groupsNo finding to act on. This hospital service description and case series about communication supports for inpatients reports no study method or measured patient outcome.
• SLPOther2019Tongue Part Movement Trajectories for /r/ Using Ultrasound.Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groupsUltrasound software tracked blade, dorsum, and root movements during /ɑr/ in two children with /r/ errors and two typically speaking children. The two with errors showed less independent movement and more variability than the two typical children. No treatment was tested.
• PTOTCohort2020Changes in social participation and life-space mobility in newly enrolled home-based rehabilitation users over 6 months.Journal of physical therapy scienceOver 6 months, 47 newly enrolled home-based rehabilitation users had better social participation and wider life-space mobility. Motor independence improved at 3 months. No control group, so changes cannot be attributed to the service.