TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 73 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTPilot2026An integrated multi-variable optimization approach to tailor ankle-foot orthosis stiffness to end-user needs.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThe best ankle-foot orthosis stiffness differed across ten children with cerebral palsy and across gait domains, so tuning by a single measure alone may miss the whole picture. Child and physiotherapist priorities changed the choice only for CP04.
• PTOTOther2026Validity and Reliability of the Track-UL Algorithm Compared With Kinovea Software for Measuring Upper-Limb Functional Range of Motion in People After Stroke: Cross-Sectional Observational Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesA free video algorithm matched expert software closely for measuring arm movement in stroke survivors in the lab. At home, only 13 of 27 could record usable video. Use it for clinic assessments, but expect technical failures with remote patient recording.
• PTOTOther2026Reinforcement-Based Head Scan Training for Drivers With Homonymous Visual Field Loss: Improves Blind-Side Detection.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationDrivers with homonymous visual field loss learned to scan their blind side at intersections after three hours of simulator training with auditory cues. Blind-side hazard detection improved from 55.6% to 85.6% one week later, and gains persisted at one month.
• PTRCT2026Non-invasive spinal cord neuromodulation enables volitional anti-gravity leg movements after motor-complete spinal cord injury: responders vs. non-responders.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationHalf of ten people with motor-complete spinal cord injury regained volitional knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion against gravity while receiving transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation. Movements occurred only during active stimulation. No standard neurophysiological test reliably predicted who would respond.
• PTOther2026Characteristics of plantar pressure during walking in stroke patients with hemiplegia of different brunnstrom stages: a study based on five-region smart insoles.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke patients had abnormal plantar pressure on both sides, most pronounced at Brunnstrom stage III. Pressure patterns gradually resembled healthy walking as stage increased, but stage VI still showed persistent lateral metatarsal pressure.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2026Comparative effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation-based combination interventions for post-stroke lower limb rehabilitation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationGait training plus electrical stimulation improved balance and leg function more than standard care. No combination significantly beat others for walking ability, though cycling plus stimulation ranked highest. Rankings are exploratory because most comparisons relied on indirect evidence rather than head-to-head trials.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2026Communicative Development Inventories (CDIs) in etiologically diverse developmental conditions: A systematic review.Research in developmental disabilitiesCDIs reliably flag delayed expressive vocabulary in autism and Down syndrome, but standard scores often underestimate ability when children use signs or have low intelligibility. Use longitudinal tracking for progress, not single-timepoint screening, and adapt forms to include gesture.
• PTCohort2026Robot-assisted gait training on functional ambulation in patients with stroke: a retrospective real-world analysis across five robotic devices.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobot-assisted gait training did not improve walking outcomes overall compared to conventional therapy. However, specific devices matched to patient function, particularly Exowalk and Morning Walk, were associated with better ambulation gains in this retrospective analysis.
• PTOTSLPCohort2026Long-term neurological and psychiatric outcomes after paediatric arterial ischaemic stroke and cerebral sinovenous thrombosis.Developmental medicine and child neurologyChildren with first-time stroke face much higher long-term risks of paralysis, epilepsy, vision problems, and mental disorders than peers. Most survivors had at least one neurological or psychiatric diagnosis. This requires sustained multidisciplinary follow-up.
• PTPilot2026Closed-loop movement-paired transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for upper-limb rehabilitation: a feasibility study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPatients with upper-limb weakness could set up a wearable ear stimulation device themselves, therapists found it easy to use, and it automatically stimulated during movements more often than manual triggering. Motor changes were modest and not proof of efficacy.
• PTOTSystematic Review2026Collaborative practice to support community-based physical activity for young people with childhood-onset physical disability: A scoping review.Developmental medicine and child neurologyNine strategies helped healthcare and community providers collaborate to support physical activity for young people with disability. However, these strategies were rarely defined clearly enough to copy, and none were evaluated for their effect on participation.
• PTOTSystematic Review2026Instrumental assessment of Sit-to-Stand in Parkinson's disease: a scoping review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationMost instrumented sit-to-stand research in Parkinson's uses expensive clinical sensors and the Timed Up and Go test, not standalone sit-to-stand or home smartphones. Consumer devices cannot yet capture complex movement data unsupervised, so routine home monitoring is not yet validated.
• PTOTCohort2026Capacity Versus Performance of Volitional Head Turns After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationPeople with mild traumatic brain injury turned their heads slower in the lab but not in daily life. However, their daily head movements were far less variable than healthy controls. Lab tests did not predict daily behavior. Wearables reveal deficits in movement flexibility that standard tests miss.
• PTOther2026Beyond en-bloc turning: dynamics of head-pelvis coordination in 360° turns in people with Parkinson's.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with Parkinson's and freezing of gait did not move their head and pelvis more together during 360° turns. They took more steps, and head-pelvis movement varied more, but that difference disappeared when disease severity and balance were considered.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2026The effect of combined motor and cognitive rehabilitation on motor performance in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of rehabilitation medicineCombined motor and cognitive training did not clearly improve functional mobility over motor training in Parkinson's disease. Sequential protocols reported an improvement in daily activities; simultaneous protocols reported better quality of life, but evidence was limited.
• PTOTQualitative2026Clinical gait analysis use in management of children with cerebral palsy: Qualitative study.Developmental medicine and child neurologyClinicians and caregivers found gait analysis valuable for validating clinical impressions and guiding complex decisions, but resource limitations, lack of standardized protocols, and interpretation barriers prevented consistent access and timely follow-up.
• PTOTCohort2026Effects of a Multimodal Neurorehabilitation Program on Gross Motor Function and Activity and Participation Performance in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A 9-Month Longitudinal Study.Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapyChildren in GMFCS levels I–III improved gross motor function, mobility and social function over nine months. Levels IV–V improved only in sitting, with no change in daily activity performance. Since all children received multiple therapies together, the specific contribution of any single treatment cannot be separated.
• PTPilot2026Exploration of the center of mass kinematics correlation with established gait measures in post-spinal cord injury.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesCenter of mass symmetry tracked walking speed and strength in five people with spinal cord injury, but not balance or assistive device use. This single measure may offer a quick snapshot of gait quality, though it is not yet ready for clinical use.
• PTOTSLPRCT2026Targeted ankle proprioceptive training improves balance, gait, and functional mobility in chronic stroke survivors: a multicenter randomized controlled trial with longitudinal follow-up.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationTargeted ankle proprioceptive training improved balance and walking more than standard care in chronic stroke survivors. The robotic-assisted discrimination tasks and weight-bearing challenges produced gains that were maintained at six months.
• PTOTSurvey2026Importance of physiotherapy and occupational therapy according to people with multiple sclerosis-results from an online survey.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesPeople with MS in the Netherlands valued physiotherapy for movement, pain, and motivation, and occupational therapy for energy, assistive devices, and daily-life strategies. They wanted therapists who know MS and adapt care as symptoms change.
• PTOTSLPCohort2026The Prevalence of Infection and Sepsis Associated Dysphagia in Hospitalised Patients: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study.DysphagiaSepsis and infection were associated with new-onset dysphagia in hospitalised patients. Sepsis carried a higher risk than infection alone. Older patients and those with dementia, delirium or Parkinson's disease were most likely to develop swallowing difficulties during admission.
• PTOTRCT2026Study on the effectiveness and safety of balance instrument training on balance and lower limb motor function in patients with ischemic stroke hemiplegia.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesAdding Pro-Kin balance system training to routine care improved balance and lower limb function more than routine care alone in stroke patients. The experimental group achieved higher Berg Balance Scale scores and faster walking times, with no adverse events reported.
• PTOTOther2026Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination for early detection of cerebral palsy in Ethiopia: A feasibility and knowledge translation study.Developmental medicine and child neurologyIn a low-resource hospital, training residents to use the HINE identified 36% of at-risk infants as having cerebral palsy or high probability, with referral at a mean age of 10.6 months.
• PTOTCohort2025Relationship between musculoskeletal factors in the shoulder and upper limb function in patients with stroke: A cross-sectional study.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoIn chronic stroke, a wider shoulder gap and thinner supraspinatus and deltoid muscles on the affected side correlated with slower hand function and lower manual ability scores. These structural changes tracked with functional limits, but the study shows association only, not that treating them restores function.
• PTRCT2025Effectiveness of a standardised stroke upper extremity rehabilitation program with shortened Fugl-Meyer assessment stratification: A randomised controlled trial.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoStratifying stroke upper-limb therapy by a 6-item Fugl-Meyer score did not improve arm movement, hand function or daily independence more than conventional physiotherapy. Both groups improved.
• PTCase Report2026Rehabilitation Incorporating a Stroke Efficiency Analysis in a Male Tennis Player with Scapular Dyskinesis: A Case Report.International journal of sports physical therapyA tennis coach with shoulder pain and scapular dyskinesis completed 20 physical therapy sessions over four months. His pain dropped to 0/10, and he returned to serving and coaching without symptoms at six-month follow-up.
• PTOTSystematic Review2026EEG biomarkers for assessment, prognosis, and monitoring of natural upper limb recovery after stroke: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSome EEG patterns, especially brain asymmetry, track upper limb impairment and recovery after stroke, but studies are small, varied and mostly fair quality. They are not ready for clinical decisions.
• PTOther2026Visuospatial Working Memory Predicts Strategic Motor Learning With Visual Feedback During Gait After Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairAfter stroke, visuospatial working memory was related to better step length target accuracy and greater early improvement during a visual feedback treadmill task. Consider checking this ability before relying on visual cues.
• PTOTSurvey2026Pediatric Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy: Current Practices and Implementation Barriers.OTJR : occupation, participation and health75% of surveyed US paediatric providers said pCIMT was available in their region, but only 14% said every eligible child could actually get it. Cost, therapist and family availability were the top reported barriers, and academic programmes spend 0 to 1 hour on it.
• PTCohort2026Altered temporal variability-based functional reorganization of brain networks predicts motor outcome after stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationMonths after a subcortical stroke, brain regions shifted connections from moment to moment differently than in healthy controls, and the pattern varied with the side of stroke. More of this shifting in the right inferior frontal gyrus went with better arm and hand scores.
• PTOTRCT2026Wearable Myoelectric Interface for Neurorehabilitation (MINT) to Recover Arm Activity After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairSix weeks of home training with a myoelectric arm game improved timed arm function by 6.8 seconds only in the group training three muscles at once. That group beat sham only in the per-protocol analysis; the main analysis found no group better than sham.
• PTSystematic Review2026The role of virtual reality in balance training for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesVirtual reality balance training was not shown to beat conventional physiotherapy for balance in Parkinson's disease. Both groups improved, but not by enough to be confident the change was real, and the six small trials disagreed strongly with each other.
• PTCohort2026Stair walking is associated with returning home after inpatient stroke rehabilitation in Belgium and Switzerland: a multicentric retrospective study.Archives of physiotherapyStroke patients who could manage stairs at discharge, even with difficulty, were much more likely to go home than those who could not, once living situation and memory problems were accounted for. 1475 patients, three centres.
• PTRCT2026Clinical outcomes of rehabilitation with a robotic anthropomorphic exoskeleton in patients with motor-incomplete spinal cord injury: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineAdding robotic exoskeleton gait training to conventional rehabilitation did not improve walking speed in chronic, incomplete spinal cord injury. After four weeks, 33% of the exoskeleton group had improved by at least 10% versus 47% of the control group. Both groups improved overall.
• PTOTOther2026Performance Quality Rating Scale for Somatosensation After Stroke Version 3: Reliability, Feasibility.OTJR : occupation, participation and healthA new 10-point scale rates how somatosensory loss after stroke shows up in activities a client chose. Two clinicians watching the same video agreed fairly well, with some disagreement. Four averaged together agreed very well. It got easier with practice.
• PTCohort2026Functional reorganization of the contralesional precentral gyrus following acute subcortical ischemic stroke and its association with gene expression profile.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationActivity in the left motor cortex, opposite the stroke, was low in the first week after a right-sided subcortical infarct and had risen by 3 months. Patients whose activity rose more also improved more on motor scores. All 22 received routine care only.
• PTOTCohort2026Profiles of Quality of Life Outcomes Observed in Rehabilitation Patients Using Latent Profile Analysis.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationRehabilitation patients sorted into four quality-of-life patterns that cut across diagnosis, not by injury type: two groups doing well, one average group with pain, and the largest group (47%) with poor physical function and independence. No treatment was tested.
• PTRCT2026Cueing-assisted gamified augmented-reality home rehabilitation for gait and balance in people with Parkinson disease: feasibility and effectiveness in the clinical pathway.Physical therapyIn 92 people with Parkinson disease, a home augmented-reality exercise platform was feasible and well liked, and Timed Up and Go improved by 0.34 seconds. That is below the threshold considered clinically important, and the trial had no control group.
• PTOTOther2026Spinal cord neuromodulation for autonomic recovery following spinal cord injury: a scoping review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSpinal cord stimulation may improve blood pressure, bladder, bowel and sexual function after spinal cord injury, but the evidence is small case series and cohort studies with no randomised trials. Some had blood pressure spikes, and benefits varied.
• PTOTSystematic Review2026Motivation in motor training interventions after stroke-a systematic review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesOnly five of 17 trials of stroke motor training found gains on both motivation and motor performance. Many trials that claimed to be motivating never measured motivation, and every trial was rated at high risk of bias.
• PTOther2026The relationship between post-stroke fatigue and trunk impairment in the subacute phase: a cross-sectional study.Journal of physical therapy scienceTrunk control was the only one of five measures tied to fatigue in 20 people in the first weeks after a stroke: the worse their trunk control, the worse their fatigue. Sitting balance and coordination went with different kinds of fatigue.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2026Lorazepam for post-operative pediatric cerebellar mutism syndrome: A case report.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineOne 11-year-old boy with post-operative cerebellar mutism after medulloblastoma surgery gained 40 WeeFIM units the week after lorazepam was started, having gained 1 the week before, and lost ground when it was stopped. Four other drugs were on board as well.
• PTOTRCT2026Dissociable effects of β-tACS on spectral power and network organization for proximal versus distal upper-limb recovery in subacute stroke: double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial with high-density EEG.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation20 Hz stimulation over the stroke-side motor cortex, added to the same physiotherapy and occupational therapy for ten sessions over two weeks, improved arm recovery more than sham. Gains were clearest for shoulder and elbow control, not the hand, and held at one month.
• PTOTQualitative2026Health Care Providers' Perspectives on a Hybrid Outpatient Stroke Telerehabilitation Program: Qualitative Implementation Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesClinicians in one hybrid stroke telerehabilitation program wanted the choice of video or in-person visits, saw video as useful for intake, goal-setting and discharge planning but not for hands-on balance and gait work, and said it suited more independent, better-connected patients.
• PTOTOther2026Assessing and categorizing health-related quality of life outcomes in children and youth with acquired brain injury in outpatient rehabilitation.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineYoung people referred to rehabilitation after acquired brain injury reported much lower quality of life than healthy Dutch peers, especially for school and work. Young adults fared worst. The authors propose cut-offs to make these scores quicker to interpret at intake.
• PTOTSystematic Review2026Mapping the Evidence on Cardiovascular Disease Risk among Individuals Experiencing Disability: A Scoping Review.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationThe evidence on heart attack and stroke risk in people with physical disabilities is sparse and too varied to guide practice. Most of the 38 studies were retrospective database studies from the US and East Asia, and stroke was the most studied outcome.
• PTOTOther2026Digital Platform to Provide Health Data Feedback for Neurorehabilitation Patients: User-Centered Development and Proof-of-Concept Usability Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesBoth patients and therapists preferred progress bars and color-coded summaries over text or spider plots when shown rehabilitation results in a co-designed app, and rated its usability highly (93.6 and 80.9 out of 100). It used fabricated data, so no clinical benefit is shown.
• PTSystematic Review2026Real-world gait study of Parkinson's disease using wearable sensors: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAcross 63 studies, people with Parkinson's walked more slowly, with shorter steps and more variable gait when monitored with wearables at home compared with healthy controls. The studies used different devices, sensor sites and analysis methods, so the results cannot be pooled.
• PTOTCohort2026Everyday positioning experience in typically developing infants and infants with or at risk for cerebral palsy.Research in developmental disabilitiesInfants with or at risk for CP spent more of the day on their back and much less standing than typically developing peers: at 12 months, 40% versus 14% of the day supine, and 8% versus 29% standing. Motor milestone delays did not explain it.
• PTOther2026Multimodal engagement estimation in paediatric robot-assisted gait training: integrating physiological sensing and biomechanical interaction.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationCombining heart-rate, facial-temperature and robot-torque data let a computer pick out when a child was engaged or not during Lokomat gait training better than any single signal. The middle 'neutral' state was often misread. Twenty children; research only.