TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 16 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSystematic Review2018Trends in robot-assisted and virtual reality-assisted neuromuscular therapy: a systematic review of health-related multiplayer games.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThirteen studies suggest multiplayer robot or virtual reality games can make rehabilitation more enjoyable and may raise physical effort, but the evidence is too small and mixed to choose a mode or prove better recovery.
• PTOther2018Overground walking with a robotic exoskeleton elicits trunk muscle activity in people with high-thoracic motor-complete spinal cord injury.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with high-thoracic motor-complete spinal cord injury showed more trunk muscle activity with Ekso walking using a walker or handrails than with Lokomat walking using harness and handrails. This is a muscle activity finding, not proven clinical benefit.
• PTOTOther2018Machine learning algorithms for activity recognition in ambulant children and adolescents with cerebral palsy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationMachine learning models accurately identified brisk walking and sedentary time in children with cerebral palsy using wrist or hip sensors. Combining both locations improved accuracy. Comfortable walking was often misclassified as brisk walking, so current models cannot reliably distinguish walking speeds.
• PTOTSystematic Review2018Assistive Technology for the Upper Extremities After Stroke: Systematic Review of Users' Needs.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesStroke survivors, carers and clinicians prioritise upper-limb assistive devices that are easy to use, fit home life, support real tasks, and feel safe. Cost, evidence and trust decide adoption.
• PTOther2018Structural validity of Balance Evaluation Systems Test assessed using factor and Rasch analyses in patients with stroke.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 140 stroke patients who could walk unaided, a shorter 25-item balance test grouped into four areas described their balance better than the full 36-item test. It may help therapists target gait, standing, stepping reactions, and sitting limits.
• PTOTSLPOther2018The effect of comprehensive physiotherapy-based rehabilitation on stooped posture in Parkinson's disease.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn Parkinson's patients with stooped posture, inpatient comprehensive physiotherapy improved trunk bending angles significantly more than usual home care. However, the rehabilitation group received intensive multi-disciplinary therapy, so the specific contribution of physiotherapy alone cannot be separated.
• PTRCT2018Stochastic resonance stimulation improves balance in children with cerebral palsy: a case control study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA very faint electrical noise at the ankles made standing steadier for children with cerebral palsy, but only when each child's best setting was found. It tested only quiet standing, not walking or daily function.
• PTSurvey2018Questionnaire results of user experiences with wearable exoskeletons and their preferences for sensory feedback.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFive of 10 people with spinal cord injury who used a wearable exoskeleton preferred vibrotactile feedback, and step initiation and weight shift feedback were rated helpful by more than half. Seven preferred discrete feedback. These are user preferences, not tested effects.
• PTCohort2019Pre-operative hamstring length and velocity do not explain the reduced effectiveness of repeat hamstring lengthening in children with cerebral palsy and crouch gait.Gait & posturePreoperative hamstring length and velocity did not differ between first and repeat hamstring lengthening. Both groups had short or slow hamstrings. Knee flexion improved in more limbs after first surgery than after repeat, but the preoperative muscle measures did not explain the difference.
• PTPilot2018Predictors of mobility domain of health-related quality of life after rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease: a pilot study.Archives of physiotherapyAfter 20 rehab sessions, mobility-related PDQ-39 scores changed by -6.2 points. The paper reports this as improvement. Baseline mobility score, disease stage and gender predicted post-rehabilitation change.
• PTOTRCT2018Evaluation of the Keeogo exoskeleton for assisting ambulatory activities in people with multiple sclerosis: an open-label, randomized, cross-over trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with multiple sclerosis walked and climbed stairs slower while wearing the Keeogo exoskeleton compared to not wearing it. However, using the device at home for two weeks improved their unassisted walking and stair performance, suggesting a conditioning benefit rather than immediate assistance.
• PTRCT2019Combined Aerobic Exercise and Task Practice Improve Health-Related Quality of Life Poststroke: A Preliminary Analysis.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationNo exercise approach improved quality of life more than another. Within groups, forced or voluntary aerobic exercise with task practice improved several self-reported quality of life domains, while education plus task practice showed little change.
• PTOther2019Concurrent validity of the GAITRite electronic walkway and the 10-m walk test for measurement of walking speed after stroke.Gait & postureAfter stroke, 10-meter walk test and GAITRite matched best at maximal speed but not comfortably. Comfortable speeds were faster on the 10-meter test, so do not swap the tests or compare scores across them.
• PTCohort2019Dynamic balance and instrumented gait variables are independent predictors of falls following stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAfter stroke discharge, people who fell had less side-to-side pelvic movement during fast walking, measured by a motion camera. The step test and Timed Up and Go also flagged falls risk; static balance and gait speed did not. This is not yet routine.
• PTOther2018The Presence of a Paretic Propulsion Reserve During Gait in Individuals Following Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairTen people with chronic hemiparesis after stroke increased paretic peak propulsion when resisting a treadmill pull. At 10% body weight, peak propulsion rose 92%, and a 25% increase remained after pull removal. The increase was tied to trailing limb angle, not ankle plantarflexion moment.
• PTOTNarrative Review2018Transcranial direct current stimulation for promoting motor function in cerebral palsy: a review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationtDCS paired with training was linked to better walking speed, balance and mobility in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy, but upper limb motor gains remain unclear.
• PTOther2019Minimal Detectable Change for Gait Speed Depends on Baseline Speed in Individuals With Chronic Stroke.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTFor chronic stroke, a real gait speed change depends on baseline speed. Slower walkers need 0.10 m/s to exceed day-to-day variation, while faster walkers need 0.18 m/s.
• PTRCT2019Group-Based Individualized Comprehensive Core Stability Intervention Improves Balance in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Physical therapyIn 79 ambulant people with MS, a 6-week programme combining individual examination, group core-stability sessions, and home exercises improved trunk control and balance versus standard care, with gains at 30 weeks.
• PTPilot2019Compensation or Recovery? Altered Kinetics and Neuromuscular Synergies Following High-Intensity Stepping Training Poststroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairHigh-intensity stepping training increased walking speed in 15 people with stroke. Paretic limb power and muscle coordination improved, suggesting recovery. However, speed gains relied primarily on the non-paretic ankle, indicating continued reliance on compensation rather than full normalization.
• PTOTPilot2019A Single Session of Robot-Controlled Proprioceptive Training Modulates Functional Connectivity of Sensory Motor Networks and Improves Reaching Accuracy in Chronic Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairChronic stroke patients judged arm position more accurately after one session of passive arm movements with left/right judgment and feedback. Six patients who could actively reach moved in straighter paths. This was small and uncontrolled, so it is not proof of lasting recovery.
• PTNarrative Review2019Response Heterogeneity With Exercise Training and Physical Activity Interventions Among Persons With Multiple Sclerosis.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairExercise and physical activity programmes in multiple sclerosis show average gains, but individual responses vary widely. Some people improve, some stay unchanged, and some get worse. Prescribing should consider this variability rather than assume uniform benefit.
• PTOTPilot2018User-centered practicability analysis of two identification strategies in electrode arrays for FES induced hand motion in early stroke rehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationBoth semi-automatic and automatic electrode-array search methods found stimulation areas for hand opening in sub-acute stroke patients, but finger flexion was less reliable. The semi-automatic search was faster, and neither method was clearly preferred.
• PTOther2019Gait variability following abrupt removal of external stabilization decreases with practice in incomplete spinal cord injury but increases in non-impaired individuals.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPractice reduced gait variability after abrupt loss of lateral support in people with incomplete spinal cord injury. Non-impaired people showed increased gait variability with practice and lower hip muscle activity.
• PTCase Series2019Stimulation of paralysed quadriceps muscles with sequentially and spatially distributed electrodes during dynamic knee extension.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationDistributed sequential electrical stimulation produced higher quadriceps power than single-electrode stimulation in four participants with complete spinal cord injury. Fatigue resistance improved in three participants but not all, and power remained too low for functional cycling.
• PTRCT2019Effects of task-oriented training on upper extremity functional performance in patients with sub-acute stroke: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn subacute stroke, 20 hours of task-oriented arm training improved arm task speed, movement quality, grip strength, motor recovery, and hand function more than conventional exercise; effects appeared after 10 hours. Weight lifting did not differ.
• PTOther2019Balance in chronic traumatic brain injury: correlations between clinical measures and a self-report measure.Brain injuryIn 59 adults with chronic TBI, higher self-reported balance confidence went with higher measured balance scores. Ask about confidence, but still test balance directly.
• PTOTSLPOther2019Outcome measures in post-stroke arm rehabilitation trials: do existing measures capture outcomes that are important to stroke survivors, carers, and clinicians?Clinical rehabilitationStroke survivors prioritized independence and freedom, but the most common trial measures for arm rehabilitation failed to capture these outcomes. Clinicians focused on everyday tasks and pain. Current research tools often miss what matters most to patients.
• PTOTOther2019A study on the sleep quality, pain, and instrumental activities of daily living of outpatients with chronic stroke.Journal of physical therapy scienceOutpatients with chronic stroke who reported worse sleep and more pain had lower independence in daily tasks like grooming and shopping. These factors correlate with daily function, but the study cannot prove they cause the decline.
• PTOTCohort2019Predictive utility of an adapted Marshall head CT classification scheme after traumatic brain injury.Brain injuryAn adapted Marshall CT classification did not meaningfully predict injury severity or functional outcomes after moderate-severe TBI. It only helped predict whether acute surgery was done, so it should not guide long-term rehabilitation prognosis.
• PTOther2019Early effects of a knee-ankle-foot orthosis on static standing balance in people with subacute stroke.Journal of physical therapy scienceWith a knee-ankle-foot brace and a shoe on the unaffected leg, people with subacute stroke stood longer and in more positions than barefoot without the brace. The brace and shoe cannot be separated.
• PTOther2019Possible Contributions of Ipsilateral Pathways From the Contralesional Motor Cortex to the Voluntary Contraction of the Spastic Elbow Flexors in Stroke Survivors: A TMS Study.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationIn mild-to-moderate stroke, brain stimulation of the uninjured motor cortex produced extra elbow flexor force during light contraction, associated with spasticity, not weakness. It did not appear to contribute to voluntary elbow flexion strength.
• PTOther2019Learning and interlimb transfer of new gait patterns are facilitated by distributed practice across days.Gait & postureSplitting treadmill gait practice across two days produced better learning and better transfer to the untrained leg than the same 18 blocks in one day in healthy adults. It suggests spacing sessions may help, but clinical gait effects are not shown.
• PTOther2019Post-stroke deficits in the step-by-step control of paretic step width.Gait & postureIn chronic stroke, paretic steps showed weaker step-by-step adjustment of step width to body motion than non-paretic steps. The paretic foot landed farther from the pelvis and balance margin varied more, but no one fell.
• PTOTOther2019A postural unloading task to assess fast corrective responses in the upper limb following stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA robotic arm test that removes a background load gave steadier results in healthy people and identified more stroke-related arm control problems than a test that adds a load, especially trouble slowing the arm.
• PTOTRCT2019Evaluation of biomechanical gait parameters of patients with Cerebral Palsy at three different levels of gait assistance using the CPWalker.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWalking with the CPWalker robot slowed children down and shortened their stride compared to walking without it. The device restricted movement, reducing speed and pelvic motion during use, with no immediate carryover to unassisted walking.
• PTOTSLPCohort2019Use of Hospital-Based Rehabilitation Services and Hospital Readmission Following Ischemic Stroke in the United States.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn Medicare claims for 88,826 older adults after ischemic stroke, more hospital physical therapy was linked to lower 30-day readmission. Occupational therapy and speech-language therapy showed no such link, so this does not prove these treatments prevent readmission.
• PTCase Report2019Improving posture to reduce the symptoms of Parkinson's: a CBP® case report with a 21 month follow-up.Journal of physical therapy scienceOne man with Parkinson's, taking carbidopa-Levodopa and mirapex, reported less pain, better walking and posture after 38 sessions combining exercises, adjustments, traction, platform work, walking practice and a heel lift. No single part can be credited.
• PTSystematic Review2019Recent advances in rehabilitation for Parkinson's Disease with Exergames: A Systematic Review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationExercise video games, often paired with balance training or usual exercise, were safe and feasible. Several groups improved balance, gait or alertness at least as much as usual therapy, but no single game or platform clearly worked best.
• PTOTSLPPilot2019The effect of the Hambisela programme on stress levels and quality of life of primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy: A pilot study.The South African journal of physiotherapyCaregiver stress and total quality of life did not significantly change after Hambisela. Daily activities became more stressful. This underpowered pilot cannot show whether the programme helps.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2019Effect of Specific Over Nonspecific VR-Based Rehabilitation on Poststroke Motor Recovery: A Systematic Meta-analysis.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairRehabilitation-specific and commercial VR did not differ clearly. Rehabilitation-specific VR showed better upper-limb movement and daily hand use than usual therapy, while commercial VR did not.
• PTSurvey2019Prevalence of cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, hearing loss, and blindness, National Health Interview Survey, 2009-2016.Disability and health journalNational parent-reported estimates show cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, moderate-to-severe hearing loss, and blindness in US children. Intellectual disability estimates changed after wording changed; other estimates were stable.
• PTRCT2019The effect of 8 weeks of treatment with transcranial pulsed electromagnetic fields on hand tremor and inter-hand coherence in persons with Parkinson's disease.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationEight weeks of transcranial pulsed electromagnetic field treatment did not differ from placebo for Parkinson's hand tremor intensity, peak power, peak frequency, or coherence in all participants. A reduction in hand coherence appeared only in the unilateral postural tremor subgroup.
• PTOTNarrative Review2019Tele-monitored tDCS rehabilitation: feasibility, challenges and future perspectives in Parkinson's disease.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRemote tDCS for Parkinson's is feasible and safe, with high compliance and mild side effects. Efficacy data is pending or limited to small open-label studies, so it should not be used as a proven treatment for motor or cognitive symptoms yet.
• PTProtocol2019Daily and Weekly Rehabilitation Delivery for Young Children With Gross Motor Delay: A Randomized Clinical Trial Protocol (the DRIVE Study).Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationNo participant outcomes are reported. This is a trial protocol for therapy frequency in infants with cerebral palsy or risk of cerebral palsy.
• PTOTSLPOther2019Altered muscle activation patterns (AMAP): an analytical tool to compare muscle activity patterns of hemiparetic gait with a normative profile.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA new muscle activity analysis tool identified specific timing and amplitude deviations in stroke survivors' walking. Plantarflexor abnormalities correlated with reduced propulsion and slower walking speeds, offering a way to target gait rehabilitation based on individual muscle coordination deficits.
• PTOTRCT2019Brain-Machine Interface in Chronic Stroke: Randomized Trial Long-Term Follow-up.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPatients with severe chronic stroke arm paresis who received contingent brain-machine interface training plus physiotherapy had higher combined hand and arm motor scores six months later than before. Sham training plus physiotherapy did not significantly change scores. BMI was not tested without physiotherapy.
• PTRCT2019Practice Structure and Locomotor Learning After Stroke.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTVariable speed-ratio walking did not improve locomotor learning over constant practice after chronic stroke. Both groups adapted on the first day and showed reduced initial asymmetry on the second day, but retention and adaptation rates did not differ between groups.
• PTOTCohort2019Estimated Life-Time Savings in the Cost of Ongoing Care Following Specialist Rehabilitation for Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in the United Kingdom.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationSpecialist inpatient rehabilitation for severe traumatic brain injury was associated with large estimated reductions in ongoing care costs, but this observational cost analysis assumed gains would persist without rehabilitation.
• PTRCT2019A single session of trip-specific training modifies trunk control following treadmill induced balance perturbations in stroke survivors.Gait & postureOne session of trip-specific training improved trunk control in chronic stroke survivors, but did not reduce falls. Those who fell before training showed the most improvement, resembling non-fallers, though effects were absent at the largest perturbation level.
• PTOTOther2018Reliability and validity of transfer assessment instrument version 3.0 in individuals with acute spinal cord injury in early rehabilitation phase.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoThe Transfer Assessment Instrument 3.0 consistently rated wheelchair transfers in early spinal cord injury rehab. Raters agreed closely on scores, and the tool aligned with overall transfer quality judgments. Use it to standardize transfer evaluation and identify techniques risking upper limb injury.