A postural unloading task to assess fast corrective responses in the upper limb following stroke.
Catherine R Lowrey, Teige C Bourke, Stephen D Bagg and 2 others
PMID 30691482WHAT IT FOUND
A robotic arm test that removes a background load gave steadier results in healthy people and identified more stroke-related arm control problems than a test that adds a load, especially trouble slowing the arm.
Key findings
01The Unload Task found affected-arm impairment in 68% of stroke participants, compared with 23% on the Load Task.
02The parameter that found the most stroke impairments was Deceleration Time, with 61% affected-arm failure on the Unload Task compared with 26% on the Load Task.
03Healthy control performance was less variable on the Unload Task, and 4 healthy participants were removed from that task's analysis versus 8 from the Load Task analysis.
STILL TO COME
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What it does not show
Five of the 36 stroke participants could not complete the tasks, and those excluded had severe weakness, so the results do not represent the most impaired stroke patients. All stroke participants were tested 2 to 61 days after stroke, so the paper does not report chronic stroke performance. The stroke sample had a median FIM score of 109, which may limit how far these results apply to patients with more severe disability. The higher impairment rate on the Unload Task was partly because healthy control performance was narrower, not only because stroke behaviour was more abnormal. The robotic device is not widely available for clinical use, so this specific assessment cannot be used in most clinics. The task tested only shoulder and elbow movements, so it does not show whether the same findings apply to wrist, hand or other body segments. Agreement between operators was tested on small subsets: 67 participants for the Unload Task and 18 for the Load Task. The study compares assessment tasks; it does not test whether using the Unload Task to guide therapy improves arm recovery.
Declared interests
Funding was named from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Ontario Research Foundation and the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. The supplied text does not report author conflicts of interest.
The easy way to misread this
Do not conclude that the Unload Task should replace standard clinical assessment or that its 68% affected-arm impairment rate shows a treatment effect. The study validates a robotic assessment in 31 stroke participants, not a therapy outcome, and 5 of 36 stroke participants could not complete the task.