TOPIC

Cardiopulmonary research

Everything we have read on cardiopulmonary. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

1,018 PAPERS · PAGE 8 OF 21 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTPilot2018Exercise loading for cardiopulmonary assessment and evaluation of endurance in amputee football players.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 8 amputee football players, two-armed peak work rate was significantly higher than in healthy men, while peak heart rate, peak oxygen uptake and peak ventilation were not significantly different. In healthy participants, two-armed peak work rate was significantly higher than one-legged peak work rate.
• PTRCT2018Effect of respiratory exercise on pulmonary function, balance, and gait in patients with chronic stroke.Journal of physical therapy scienceAdding respiratory trainer exercises to standard neurodevelopmental treatment improved lung capacity, balance, and walking speed in chronic stroke patients. The trainer group gained 3.6 points on the Berg Balance Scale and walked 4.8 seconds faster over 10 meters compared to baseline.
• PTOther2018Analysis of muscular elasticity according to infrared and ultrasound therapy by sonoelastography.Journal of physical therapy scienceUltrasound gave a measured forearm elasticity increase of 1.55 folds, versus 1.23 folds for infrared, in 10 men without previous forearm or calf medical history. Calf elasticity did not differ significantly.
• PTNarrative Review2018Prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications through preoperative physiotherapy interventions in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft: literature review.Journal of physical therapy sciencePreoperative physiotherapy before coronary bypass is reported to reduce postoperative lung complications and hospital stay. Programs combined inspiratory muscle training, education, physical exercise, counselling, breathing exercises, aerobic exercise and complex multidisciplinary care, so no single component can be credited.
• PTRCT2018Effects of task-specific movement patterns during resistance exercise on the respiratory functions and thickness of abdominal muscles of children with cerebral palsy: randomized placebo-controlled double-blinded clinical trial.Journal of physical therapy scienceChildren with cerebral palsy who did task-specific movements wearing weighted vests improved breathing measures and abdominal muscle thickness more than children who did the same movements without added weight. Both groups also improved, and the study was small.
• PTCase-Control2018Using machine learning to identify patterns of lifetime health problems in decedents with autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchPeople with autism who died had more lifetime health problems, including epilepsy, long-term medication use and side effects, motor problems, choking, urinary, digestive and ear issues, but fewer records for alcohol abuse, hypertension and metastatic cancer. These are patterns, not treatment effects.
• PTOther2018Six-Minute Walk Test as a Predictive Measure of Exercise Capacity in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journalIn 18 adults with type 2 diabetes and depression, longer 6-minute walk distance was associated with higher predicted exercise capacity, but the sample was too small to confirm it as a validated substitute for graded testing.
• PTSLPNarrative Review2018Delirium Screening and Management in Inpatient Rehabilitation Facilities.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationAdmission 3D-CAM screening in an inpatient rehab facility found delirium in 41 of 399 first admissions. Patients with brain disorders screened positive more often than orthopedic patients, and those with delirium were transferred back to acute hospitals more often.
• PTCohort2018Mobility Analysis of AmpuTees II: Comorbidities and Mobility in Lower Limb Prosthesis Users.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationIn lower limb prosthesis users, age, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and anxiety or panic disorders were linked to lower mobility. When other linked conditions were taken into account, vascular disease and age differences were smaller than a clinically important change.
• PTCohort2019Age-related trends in cardiometabolic disease among adults with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyOver at least 3 years, middle-aged and older adults with cerebral palsy were diagnosed with diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, abnormal heart rhythm and atherosclerosis sooner than younger adults. High cholesterol and hypertension were most common.
• PTRCT2019Complete Restoration of Respiratory Muscle Function in Three Subjects With Spinal Cord Injury: Pilot Interventional Clinical Trial.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationThree cervical spinal cord injury patients using diaphragm pacing reported easier secretion clearance after added spinal cord stimulation, and measured cough airflow and pressure increased. This is a three-person pilot, not proof of broad benefit.
• PTCohort2019Improving Outcomes for Critically Ill Cardiovascular Patients Through Increased Physical Therapy Staffing.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationThe main stay after leaving ICU did not shorten significantly. Adding CVICU physical therapists increased daily PT minutes and sessions. ICU stay was shorter in the staffing change period, but function and discharge level did not clearly change.
• PTOther2018A predictor of aerobic threshold for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn men with reduced heart function, a simple measure of oxygen use during the first four minutes of exercise strongly predicted their aerobic threshold. This link was absent in men with preserved heart function. The finding suggests a potential screening tool for a specific subgroup, but the study was tiny and male-only.
• PTOTSystematic Review2018Rehabilitation and early mobilization in the critical patient: systematic review.Journal of physical therapy scienceEarly mobilization in ICU patients showed mixed results. Some studies found improved muscle strength and walking distance at discharge, while others showed no difference in functional recovery. Most included trials had low methodological quality, making firm conclusions about effectiveness difficult.
• PTOTCohort2018Association of Muscle Strength and Walking Performance in Adult Patients With Pompe Disease.Physical therapyHip and knee strength, age, sex, BMI, and ventilator use predict walking ability in adults with Pompe disease. A nomogram using these factors matched observed walking status in 66% of cases, helping clinicians identify patients at risk of overload or underload.
• PTSystematic Review2018The role of exercise testing in predicting successful ambulation with a lower extremity prosthesis: a systematic literature review and clinical practice guideline.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationOne-leg cycling and arm cycling tests can help judge prosthetic walking success. In this review, sustaining 50% of predicted maximum oxygen consumption predicted walking 100 m, and 30 W on arm cycling predicted ambulation with a prosthesis.
• PTOther2018Body Position Affects Ultrasonographic Measurement of Diaphragm Contractility.Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journalDiaphragm ultrasound measurements changed significantly when healthy young adults moved from lying down to sitting and standing. A physical therapist with minimal training achieved excellent reliability. However, this study only tested healthy people, so it does not yet show how position affects diaphragm function in ICU patients.
• PTCohort2018The risk of major cardiovascular events for adults with transfemoral amputation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationOverall, adults with transfemoral amputation were no more likely to have a major cardiovascular event than matched controls, but those with dysvascular amputation had a four-fold higher risk. Prosthesis was not associated with a difference in cardiovascular event risk.
• PTOTOther2018Factors influencing the physical activity in daily life of male patients with different levels of severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Journal of physical therapy scienceFactors linked to daily steps differed by COPD stage. A daily routine went with higher steps at every stage; stage 4 also tracked mood and quality of life. Daily steps themselves did not differ clearly across stages.
• PTOther2018The effects of a balloon-blowing exercise in a 90/90 bridge position using a ball on the pulmonary function of females in their twenties.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn small groups of young women, a four-week bridge with hip lift, ball between the knees, raised arm, and balloon blowing increased breathing capacity and peak flow; diaphragmatic exercise control did not.
• PTOther2018Effect of manual chest wall compression in participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Journal of physical therapy scienceManual chest wall compression while breathing out lowered breathlessness from 1.22 cm to 0.82 cm on a 10 cm scale and reduced oxygen use in 29 people with COPD. It did not test exercise tolerance or include a control group.
• PTQualitative2018The Use of Telerehabilitation Technologies for Cardiac Patients to Improve Rehabilitation Activities and Unify Organizations: Qualitative Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesProfessionals described a shared cardiac telerehabilitation plan as tying hospital and community care together. Regular meetings and common patient data were described as supporting a joint team, and patients were seen as active partners.
• PTOther2018Correlation between skeletal muscle mass index and parameters of respiratory function and muscle strength in young healthy adults according to gender.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn healthy young adults, skeletal muscle mass correlated with respiratory function in both genders, but only men showed correlations with respiratory muscle strength. Women’s muscle mass related to lung capacity but not strength. This links body composition to breathing mechanics, differing by sex.
• PTOTSystematic Review2019International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health Domains of 60 Physical Functioning Measurement Instruments Used During the Adult Intensive Care Unit Stay: A Scoping Review.Physical therapyMost ICU physical function tools measure mobility. Sixty tools covered 26 ICF domains, but none captured all four ICF components. If you need a broad picture, expect to combine scales, scores, questionnaires, or biophysical tests.
• PTOTSLPCohort2019Associations of Participation-Focused Strategies and Rehabilitation Service Use With Caregiver Stress After Pediatric Critical Illness.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationAfter PICU discharge, caregivers whose children received PICU rehabilitation and reported home participation strategies had stress that declined over 6 months. Strategies alone were not shown to lower stress. This is not proof that rehabilitation caused the change.
• PTRCT2019Combined Aerobic Exercise and Task Practice Improve Health-Related Quality of Life Poststroke: A Preliminary Analysis.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationNo exercise approach improved quality of life more than another. Within groups, forced or voluntary aerobic exercise with task practice improved several self-reported quality of life domains, while education plus task practice showed little change.
• PTOTNarrative Review2019Mobility related physical and functional losses due to aging and disease - a motivation for lower limb exoskeletons.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAging and disease reduce lower limb strength, power, walking speed, endurance and daily steps, while falls rise. Exoskeletons are proposed to assist or train mobility, not shown to work.
• PTOther2019Effects of increased functional residual capacity on finger-floor distance in healthy young adults.Journal of physical therapy scienceForcing extra air into the lungs significantly reduced trunk flexibility. Finger-to-floor distance decreased as inhaled volume rose, showing that increased lung volume mechanically limits forward bending range of motion in healthy adults.
• PTOTSLPOther2019Effect of forward head posture on thoracic shape and respiratory function.Journal of physical therapy scienceAssuming a forward head posture immediately reduced lung capacity and flow rates in 15 young men. The lower chest became less mobile and shifted inward, restricting breathing. This is a short-term mechanical effect in healthy volunteers, not a diagnosis or treatment outcome.
• PTOTCohort2019Impact of heart failure on functional recovery after hip fracture.Journal of physical therapy scienceHip fracture patients with heart failure gained 34.1% of possible daily-living score improvement, versus 51.6% without heart failure, after adjusting for age, gender and pre-fracture walking. They were also less likely to return to the same residence.
• PTOTCohort2019Mortality due to cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and cancer in adults with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyAdults with cerebral palsy in England died at higher rates from respiratory and circulatory diseases than the general population. Respiratory deaths were most elevated. Cancer mortality was not significantly higher. These findings highlight a need for vigilance regarding heart and lung health in this group.
• PTCohort2019A 1-Month Physical Therapy-Based Outpatient Program for Adults Awaiting Lung Transplantation: A Retrospective Analysis of Exercise Capacity, Symptoms, and Quality of Life.Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journalLung transplant candidates who completed a short outpatient program combining multi-domain exercise, education, and oxygen titration improved walking distance by 69 meters. Shortness of breath did not show clear improvement.
• PTOther2019Characteristics of respiratory muscle fatigue upon inhalation resistance with a maximal inspiratory mouth pressure of 50.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 14 healthy men, breathing against a 50% inspiratory load for 20 minutes lowered inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressure. Pressure changed significantly during 30 minutes of rest. The neck and abdominal muscles showed the clearest fatigue.
• PTOther2019Measurement of intercostal muscle thickness with ultrasound imaging during maximal breathing.Journal of physical therapy scienceUltrasound detected intercostal muscle thickening during maximal breathing only at the front of the chest. Measurements at the side and back showed no change, meaning this method cannot currently assess respiratory muscle activity across the whole rib cage.
• PTRCT2019A secondary analysis of data from the OPTICARE randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of extended cardiac rehabilitation on functional capacity, fatigue, and participation in society.Clinical rehabilitationCardiovascular health did not improve. Added group exercise and lifestyle counseling to cardiac rehab and follow-up gave 12.49 metres more on the 6-minute walk at 12 months and fewer fatigue cases, but no lasting walking gain or participation benefit. Phone counseling did not help.
• PTNarrative Review2019Inspiratory Muscle Training in Patients with Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation: Narrative Review.Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journalFor ventilator-dependent patients, inspiratory muscle training can improve breathing muscle strength and may help weaning, but a trial found no difference in weaning or reintubation.
• PTOTCohort2019Physical fitness is predictive for 5-year survival in older adults with intellectual disabilities.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDBetter fitness predicted lower 5-year mortality risk in older adults with intellectual disabilities. Manual dexterity, visual reaction time, balance, walking speed, grip strength and cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with survival.
• PTCase Report2019Association between changes in subcutaneous fat mass and heart failure-induced cachexia: a case report.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn one 91-year-old woman with heart failure cachexia, ultrasound tracking of thigh fat mirrored weight loss and gain. Standard physical therapy, low-intensity exercise, and nutrition guidance coincided with recovery, but the effect of any single component cannot be separated.
• PTOTCohort2019People With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Have Low Physical Fitness and Can Be Predisposed to Inactive and Sedentary Lifestyles.Physical therapyPatients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage had low fitness one year after onset. Those who were more physically active had higher oxygen uptake and leg strength. Patients treated with surgical clipping had significantly lower fitness than those treated with coiling.
• PTNarrative Review2019Airway clearance therapy in acute paediatric respiratory illness: A state-of-the-art review.The South African journal of physiotherapyThis narrative review synthesizes evidence and expert opinion on airway clearance therapy for acute paediatric respiratory illness. It highlights that routine use is often unsupported by high-level evidence and may cause harm, advocating for individualized assessment instead.
• PTOther2019The utility of using peak expiratory flow and forced vital capacity to predict poor expiratory cough flow in children with neuromuscular disorders.The South African journal of physiotherapyIn 41 South African children with neuromuscular disorders, peak expiratory flow and forced vital capacity tracked peak cough flow. Values below 160 L.min −1 peak flow or 1.2 L vital capacity pointed to likely ineffective cough, but confirmation is needed before replacing cough tests.
• PTOTPilot2019Post-tuberculosis health-related quality of life, lung function and exercise capacity in a cured pulmonary tuberculosis population in the Breede Valley District, South Africa.The South African journal of physiotherapyCured pulmonary TB patients reported poor quality of life, walked 294.1 m on average, and 48% had abnormal lung function. Mental health scores were worse than physical health scores.
• PTOther2019Onset factors of infective and non-infective complications in perioperative gastrointestinal cancer patients.Journal of physical therapy scienceAfter gastrointestinal cancer surgery, more blood loss and higher CRP level on day 3 were linked to infective complications. Lower preoperative respiratory function was also linked. Longer operation time was linked to non-infective complications. This study cannot prove cause.
• PTOther2019Effect of two load escalation methods using a supine ergometer on the cardiorespiratory system and lower limb muscle activity.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 20 healthy men, raising supine ergometer pedal speed increased oxygen uptake and heart rate more than raising pedal weight, while perceived effort was similar or lower. This is a lab comparison, not evidence for dialysis patients.
• PTOTRCT2020Effects of Community-Based Exercise in Adults With Severe Burns: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationAdding 12 weeks of a community program with gym membership, personal trainer sessions, and prescribed exercise to standard care improved cardiopulmonary fitness in 45 adults with severe burns. It did not show greater gains in lean body mass or muscle strength.
• PTOTRCT2020One-Year Comparison of a Community-Based Exercise Program Versus a Day Hospital-Based Exercise Program on Quality of Life and Mental Health in Severely Burned Children.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationBoth community-based and day-hospital exercise programs improved quality of life and physical function in severely burned children, with no significant difference between the two groups. Parents reported more emotional and social improvements in the community group, but overall outcomes were similar.
• PTOther2019The 2-minute walk test is not a valid method to determine aerobic capacity in persons with Multiple Sclerosis.NeuroRehabilitationIn people with MS and severe fatigue, walking distance in 2 minutes did not accurately estimate peak oxygen uptake. It accounted for only 19.5% of the differences, so use it to judge walking, not aerobic capacity.
• PTPilot2019Oxygen uptake on-kinetics before and after aerobic exercise training in individuals with traumatic brain injury.Disability and rehabilitationAfter 12 weeks of supervised treadmill exercise, seven adults with traumatic brain injury reached a steady level of oxygen use faster at a set treadmill workload. No control group was used.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2019Rehabilitation Practices in Patients With Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationMost ICU clinicians caring for moderate and severe TBI supported starting rehabilitation, but timing varied. They usually waited for extubation, normal intracranial pressure and hemodynamic stability, and cited staff and resource limits as barriers.
• PTOTOther2020The six-minute walk test as a fall risk screening tool in community programs for persons with stroke: a cross-sectional analysis.Topics in stroke rehabilitationIn 66 adults with chronic stroke, walking under 331.65 m on the six-minute walk test was associated with being in an increased fall risk group. It is a screening association, not proof it predicts actual falls.