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Cardiopulmonary research

Everything we have read on cardiopulmonary. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

1,018 PAPERS · PAGE 9 OF 21 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTQualitative2019A journey through follow-up for neurodevelopmentally at-risk infants-A qualitative study on views of parents and professionals in Liverpool.Child: care, health and developmentParents of babies at high risk of developmental delay wanted clear, realistic information about the future and valued a familiar lead professional. Parents and professionals also described unclear referral pathways, inconsistent screening and long waits as barriers to support.
• PTOther2019Physiotherapist prediction of extubation outcome in the adult intensive care unit.Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapySpecialist physiotherapists correctly identified every patient who failed extubation in this ICU cohort. Their clinical judgment was more sensitive than a statistical model or nonspecialist staff. High-risk stratification should trigger multidisciplinary planning for supported extubation rather than delaying the procedure.
• PTRCT2020Predictors of Improved Aerobic Capacity in Individuals With Chronic Stroke Participating in Cycling Interventions.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationThe voluntary cycling plus upper-limb task practice group improved aerobic capacity; the forced cycling plus upper-limb task practice group showed no clear improvement. Faster pedaling and lower starting fitness predicted larger gains, while heart-rate intensity alone did not predict gains.
• PTCohort2019Factors associated with physical function capacity in an urban cohort of people living with the human immunodeficiency virus in South Africa.The South African journal of physiotherapyPast tuberculosis history did not predict 6-minute walk distance in 84 South African people living with HIV. Age and gender did: older age and being female were associated with shorter walks, and a prediction equation was proposed.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Longer Time Before Acute Rehabilitation Therapy Worsens Disability After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationEvery extra day between hospital admission and the first rehab consult raised the odds of poor disability outcomes at 30 and 90 days. Delays were longest for patients in the ICU, those with low consciousness, or those who could walk before the stroke.
• PTOther2020Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients increase medio-lateral stability and limit changes in antero-posterior stability to curb energy expenditure.Gait & postureCOPD patients did not show lower front-to-back step-to-step stability than controls, but had larger side-to-side margins. They kept front-to-back margins steady as speed rose, while controls reduced them. Larger front-to-back margins coincided with lower energy cost.
• PTRCT2020Phase I randomized single-blinded controlled study investigating the potential benefit of aerobic exercise in degenerative cerebellar disease.Clinical rehabilitationFor people with degenerative cerebellar disease, four weeks of structured home stationary cycling, with exercise logs and weekly phone calls, was feasible in a small pilot. Compared with no training, ataxia severity, walking speed, and fitness improved.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2020Parent preferences for neurodevelopmental screening in the neonatal intensive care unit.Developmental medicine and child neurologyMost NICU parents wanted neurodevelopmental screening to plan for the future, but they insisted on autonomy to refuse. They asked for clear explanations of test accuracy and emotional support before results. Parents prioritized cognitive and independence outcomes over motor skills.
• PTCohort2020Timed immersion expiration measures in patients with muscular dystrophies.Archives of physiotherapyIn patients with muscular dystrophies, mouth blowing time in water stayed similar over the follow-up year, while nose blowing time became longer. Motor and breathing measures still worsened, so this does not show aquatic therapy stopped decline.
• PTOther2020Association of respiratory function with physical performance, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in older adults.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 62 ambulatory older adults, more sedentary time was linked to lower lung capacity, better chair-stand performance to stronger breathing in, and more non-walking activity to stronger breathing out. No activity, performance, or sedentary factor was linked to the forced breath-out measure.
• PTOther2020Use of airway clearance therapy in children hospitalised with acute lower respiratory tract infections in a South African paediatric hospital.The South African journal of physiotherapyAirway clearance therapy was given in only 85 cases (5.9%), mostly for presumed nosocomial LRTI or pneumonia, not bronchiolitis. Six cases desaturated during or immediately after sessions. Longer stay and death were associated with therapy, but this chart review cannot show cause.
• PTOTPilot2020Unsupervised low-intensity home exercises as an effective intervention for improving physical activity and physical capacity in the community-dwelling elderly.Journal of physical therapy scienceUnsupervised home exercises increased moderate-intensity activity in older women. Resistance band work also improved lung capacity. Both groups exceeded WHO weekly activity guidelines after six months, suggesting low-intensity home routines are feasible and effective for maintaining activity levels.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2020Effect of neonatal therapy on the motor, cognitive, and behavioral development of infants born preterm: a systematic review.Developmental medicine and child neurologyTherapist-designed programs where parents actively engage preterm infants in daily motor practice showed moderate-to-large short-term gains in motor and cognitive skills. Interventions delivered only by therapists or started late showed little to no long-term benefit.
• PTOther2020Knee extensor muscle strength as a predictor of peak oxygen uptake in patients with heart disease.Journal of physical therapy scienceHigher knee strength measured by handheld dynamometer went with higher peak oxygen uptake in 45 heart disease patients. A cutoff of 0.46 kgf/kg corresponded to 5 METs.
• PTOTRCT2020High-Intensity Exercise Improves Fatigue, Sleep, and Mood in Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Physical therapyThree months of high-intensity exercise improved fatigue, vitality, mood, and perceived health in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. These benefits disappeared by 12 months, likely because fewer than half continued exercising. The effects were small to moderate and did not reach the threshold for clinically important change.
• PTOTOther2020The effects of a defecation posture, supported by the upper limbs, on respiratory function.Journal of physical therapy scienceArm-supported forward-leaning posture on a toilet seat produced larger breath volumes and higher comfort ratings than upright or unsupported forward-leaning postures in 73 healthy young adults.
• PTOther2020Recommendations for Hospital-Based Physical Therapists Managing Patients With COVID-19.Physical therapyNo patient outcomes are reported. This document provides consensus-based recommendations for physical therapists on managing hospitalized adults with COVID-19, focusing on safety, respiratory support, and mobilization.
• PTOther2020The effects of decreased inspiratory capacity on postural stability during backward reach.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 13 healthy young men, reducing the amount of air they inhaled shortened how far they could reach backward while rotating the trunk. The shortest reach was 14.8 cm versus 18.9 cm at normal breathing.
• PTNarrative Review2020Physiotherapy management of patients with trunk trauma: A state-of-the-art review.The South African journal of physiotherapySmall studies support early physiotherapy for adults with chest trauma: mobilisation, breathing exercises, coughing and multidisciplinary pathways may shorten hospital stay. Evidence is limited, and post-discharge rehabilitation is rarely reported.
• PTSystematic Review2020The effectiveness of combined lower limb strengthening and whole-body vibration, compared to strengthening alone, for improving patient-centred outcomes in adults with COPD: A systematic review.The South African journal of physiotherapyAdding whole-body vibration to lower limb strength training improved walking distance more than strength training alone in three of five trials. It did not improve lung function. Isolated leg strength showed no consistent benefit over standard training.
• PTOther2020Orthopedic guidelines for the care of people with spina bifida.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineExpert consensus guidelines for spina bifida prioritize a stable spine, plantigrade feet without skin breakdown, and gait. They advise individualized orthopedic care, not routine hip surveillance or hip reduction for subluxation.
• PTOther2020Reliability of voluntary cough assessments using respiratory flow waveform.Journal of physical therapy scienceDifferent raters measured healthy adults' cough flow waveforms consistently. The same rater's repeat readings were less consistent, especially the inspiratory peak flow. The second cough was weaker than the first.
• PTNarrative Review2020Summary of respiratory rehabilitation and physical therapy guidelines for patients with COVID-19 based on recommendations of World Confederation for Physical Therapy and National Association of Physical Therapy.Journal of physical therapy scienceFor adults with COVID-19, respiratory physiotherapy is recommended by disease stage: prone ventilation in critical care, monitored low-intensity exercise in isolation, and six weeks of home aerobic and resistance training after discharge.
• PTOTCohort2020Performance Measures for Short-Term Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients of Working Age: Results of the Prospective Observational Multicenter Registry OutCaRe.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationDuring short-term cardiac rehab for patients under 65, smoking status, blood pressure, exercise training load, well-being, depression, physical health and self-rated health prognosis changed and were recorded often enough to track immediate outcomes.
• PTRCT2020Prehabilitation in patients awaiting elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery - effects on functional capacity and quality of life: a randomized controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitationTwo-week prehabilitation (supervised cycling plus light gymnastics with breathing and coordination exercises) before heart bypass improved preoperative walking distance and Timed-Up-and-Go performance, and quality of life, but did not improve exercise capacity. Postoperative quality of life showed no intervention effect.
• PTRCT2021Forced and Voluntary Aerobic Cycling Interventions Improve Walking Capacity in Individuals With Chronic Stroke.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationEight weeks of forced or voluntary cycling improved walking distance by 63 meters and 31 meters respectively, while a control group declined by 23 meters. The forced cycling group exceeded the minimal clinically important difference, suggesting this aerobic approach can meaningfully improve walking capacity in chronic stroke.
• PTOTNarrative Review2020Cardiac Rehabilitation During Quarantine in COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges for Center-Based Programs.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationHome-based cardiac rehabilitation appears as effective as center-based care for improving fitness and safety, and may be more sustainable. During quarantine, 15 minutes of daily individualized exercise with remote coaching can help maintain physical function in cardiac patients.
• PTOTSLPOther2020Role of Rehabilitation Department for Adult Individuals With COVID-19: The Experience of the San Raffaele Hospital of Milan.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationThe hospital created separate acute, rehabilitation, and quarantine wards to manage COVID-19 patients. This allowed them to shorten acute stays to 10 days, discharge only patients with negative swabs, and keep staff infection-free by strictly separating care teams and paths.
• PTOTSLPOther2020Cause of death in adults with Down syndrome in the United States.Disability and health journalAdults with Down syndrome face much higher death risks from choking, pneumonitis, and early-onset dementia. They also have lower cancer death rates. Clinicians should screen for swallowing issues and start dementia checks by age 35.
• PTOTSLPOther2020Managing the Rehabilitation Wave: Rehabilitation Services for COVID-19 Survivors.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationThis paper describes a hospital's operational response to a surge in COVID-19 patients, detailing how they triaged rehabilitation needs using functional scores and modified care models. It offers a template for organizing services but reports no patient outcomes, so it does not show that these methods improved recovery.
• PTOTRCT2021Effects of Lower Thoracic Spinal Cord Stimulation on Bowel Management in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationBowel routines dropped from 118 minutes to 18 minutes in five men with cervical spinal cord injury using implanted spinal cord stimulation. Mechanical methods and medications became less necessary. This is a tiny case series, so it proves feasibility, not efficacy.
• PTSystematic Review2021Measurement properties of step tests for exercise capacity in COPD: A systematic review.Clinical rehabilitationMost step tests for measuring exercise capacity in COPD are backed by low or very low evidence, so they should not replace established tests yet. The six-minute stepper test is the best supported option.
• PTOTRCT2020Evaluation of an exercise-enabling control interface for powered wheelchair users: a feasibility study with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFive boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy drove a powered wheelchair using arm motions that also raised their heart rate. They completed the tasks, though driving was slower and less accurate than with a joystick.
• PTCase Series2021Nerve Compression Injuries After Prolonged Prone Position Ventilation in Patients With SARS-CoV-2: A Case Series.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationSeven men treated with prolonged prone ventilation for severe pneumonia developed nerve injuries in arms or legs. The cases included brachial plexus damage, ulnar nerve compression at the elbow, and peroneal nerve injury. All patients were male, and most had significant weight loss or risk factors for malnutrition.
• PTOTRCT2021Experience of physical activity described by patients with heart failure who have received individualized exercise advice: A qualitative study.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePatients with heart failure felt encouraged to be active by advice and monitoring, but often lacked specific guidance on how much or what to do. They adapted activities to fit their abilities and relied on social support and accessible environments to stay active.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Identification of Functional Limitations and Discharge Destination in Patients With COVID-19.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn patients with COVID-19 matched for age and comorbidities, physical health deficits and being single, divorced or widowed were associated with discharge to an institution rather than home. Rehabilitation therapy was provided to a minority of patients overall.
• PTPilot2020An Affordable, User-friendly Telerehabilitation System Assembled Using Existing Technologies for Individuals Isolated With COVID-19: Development and Feasibility Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesTen isolated patients with COVID-19 completed a single telerehabilitation session using a tablet, video call, remote control and pulse oximeter. They reported high satisfaction, and the exercise was reported as safe with oxygen monitoring.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2021Rehabilitation setting during and after Covid-19: An overview on recommendations.Journal of rehabilitation medicineThis review of 31 early pandemic papers produced no tested outcomes, only expert recommendations. It advises telerehabilitation and strict PPE for speech and swallowing therapists, plus phased respiratory exercises for post-acute patients.
• PTCohortFrailty and Function in Heart Failure: Predictors of 30-Day Hospital Readmission?Journal of geriatric physical therapy (2001)Lower physical function and higher frailty scores were associated with a greater risk of hospital readmission in older adults with heart failure. However, no specific score on either measure could accurately identify which patients would be readmitted within 30 days.
• PTOther2020Inter-rater reliability of activity measure for post-acute care '6-Clicks' inpatient mobility short form in the intensive care unit.Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapyPhysical therapists in the ICU showed excellent agreement when scoring patient mobility using the AM-PAC IMSF after just one hour of training. This means changes in scores over time likely reflect real patient progress, not differences in how therapists rate them.
• PTCohort20206-Minute Push Test in Youth Who Have Spina Bifida and Who Self-Propel a Wheelchair: Reliability and Physiologic Response.Physical therapyThe push test gave consistent distance scores in youth with spina bifida who use manual wheelchairs. Heart rate was less consistent, and effort varied widely.
• PTCase Series2020Clinical course and physiotherapy intervention in 9 patients with COVID-19.PhysiotherapyIn 9 patients with COVID-19 referred to physiotherapy, airway clearance was not needed, while five had exertional or positional oxygen desaturation. Rehabilitation used interval sessions, rest breaks, stepwise mobilisation, oxygen and monitoring, with supine rest if needed.
• PTCase Report2021An Improvised Pulmonary Telerehabilitation Program for Postacute COVID-19 Patients Would Be Feasible and Acceptable in a Low-Resource Setting.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationOne patient recovered from severe COVID-19 completed a 3-week WhatsApp-based pulmonary rehabilitation program in a low-resource setting. His shortness of breath, fatigue, and health status scores all improved significantly, and he returned to work.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Factors related to physical and mental components of quality of life in the community-dwelling frail older persons.Journal of physical therapy scienceDeclines in physical quality of life were linked to reduced lung function, while declines in mental quality of life were linked to depression and swallowing problems. Therapists should monitor breathing capacity, mood, and swallowing to protect overall well-being.
• PTOther2020Comparison of Kristjansson Respiratory Score and Wang Respiratory Score in infants with bronchiolitis in a hospital emergency department.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoThe Kristjansson Respiratory Score showed better agreement between a physician and a physiotherapist than the Wang score when assessing infant bronchiolitis in an emergency department. Both scores correlated only fairly with oxygen saturation, so SpO2 alone should not determine severity.
• PTProtocol2020Standing up against office sitting: A study protocol.The South African journal of physiotherapyNo results are available. This paper describes the plan for a future study testing whether sit-stand desks and health messages reduce sitting time and heart disease risk in office workers, but the research has not yet been conducted.
• PTSLPRCT2021Liuzijue qigong versus traditional breathing training for patients with post-stroke dysarthria complicated by abnormal respiratory control: Results of a single-center randomized controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitationFor stroke patients with dysarthria, adding Liuzijue qigong to basic articulation training improved speech breathing and overall speech ability more than traditional breathing training. It did not significantly improve loudness control compared to the standard approach.
• PTOTRCT2021Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Cardiopulmonary Responses and Predictors of Change in Individuals With Parkinson's Disease.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationEight weeks of cycling did not significantly improve peak oxygen consumption, but both exercise groups improved submaximal aerobic capacity compared to controls. Younger participants with lower baseline fitness who cycled at higher speeds showed the greatest gains.
• PTRCT2020Effects of incentive spirometry on cardiopulmonary parameters, functional capacity and glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoIncentive spirometry added to medical management for eight weeks did not lower fasting blood sugar more than medical management alone, but improved lung function test scores and six-minute walk distance.
• PTSurvey2020Physiotherapy management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in Pretoria, South Africa.The South African journal of physiotherapyMost Pretoria physiotherapists treating chemotherapy-induced neuropathy use stability and strengthening exercises, soft tissue work and sensory integration. Few use electrotherapy. This describes current local practice, not evidence that any technique reduces symptoms.