The effects of a balloon-blowing exercise in a 90/90 bridge position using a ball on the pulmonary function of females in their twenties.

The sample is small and unclear: 14 female college students are said to be selected, but Table 1 lists 10 experimental and 10 control participants. All participants were healthy young women without orthopedic cardiopulmonary pathology, so the results may not apply to patients with breathing problems. The paper does not state how participants were assigned to groups, or whether participants or testers were blinded. The intervention combined several components, including the bridge position, hip lift, ball between the knees, raised arm, and balloon blowing, so the contribution of any single component cannot be separated. The control group performed diaphragmatic exercise in the same posture, so the comparison does not show whether the whole program is better than no exercise. The paper does not name a primary outcome, and several breathing measures were examined.

The research was supported by the Korean Nazarene University Research Grants 2018. The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Do not conclude that balloon blowing alone improves pulmonary function in patients. The study gave the balloon together with a bridge position, hip lift, ball between the knees, and raised arm, and it enrolled healthy young women, not patients.