TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,792 PAPERS · PAGE 39 OF 56 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPOther2024Wearable sensor and smartphone assisted vestibular physical therapy for multiple sclerosis: usability and outcomes.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesPeople with MS found a home-based vestibular therapy app with a head sensor easy to use and helpful. They improved balance and reported less dizziness, though adherence averaged 60%. This is a usability study, not proof the tech works better than standard care.
• PTOTSystematic Review2024Guidelines for chronic pain in adult spinal cord injury population: Scoping review.The South African journal of physiotherapyMost pain guidelines for spinal cord injury focus only on nerve pain, ignoring musculoskeletal pain. Only one high-quality guideline covered both types and recommended specific screening tools. Clinicians should check if their current protocols address nociceptive pain or rely on guidelines that miss it.
• PTOTPilot2024Para table tennis improves psychological/mental and cardiovascular health in individuals with spinal cord injury.NeuroRehabilitationFour weeks of twice-weekly para table tennis improved self-efficacy and arterial elasticity in adults with spinal cord injury. The study was a small pilot with a control group doing static activities, so the specific contribution of the sport versus general activity remains unclear.
• OTSLPQualitative2024Ongoing Challenges Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic Among People With Brain Injury.OTJR : occupation, participation and healthPeople with chronic traumatic brain injury described social isolation continuing after many pandemic policies had ended. They feared exposure, avoided unvaccinated people, and had fewer activities. Old strategies did not fit new barriers, and remote social options were hard to manage.
• PTOTOther2024Bone health education in individuals with spinal cord injury or disease-the Bare Bones Podcast Series: plan it, produce it, post it!Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesClinicians can direct patients with spinal cord injury to a free podcast series and handouts co-designed with patients. These resources simplify complex bone health guidelines to help patients prepare for appointments and ask about fracture risks.
• PTOTSLPPilot2024Estimating highest capacity propulsion performance using backward-directed force during walking evaluation for individuals with acquired brain injury.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA new robotic treadmill test measuring forward walking power correlated strongly with endurance and fast walking, but not comfortable speed. The standard sit-to-stand test did not correlate with this power measure, suggesting it is a poor proxy for walking propulsion capacity in people with acquired brain injury.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024Mapping the costs and socioeconomic characteristics involved in traumatic brain injuries: a scoping review.Journal of rehabilitation medicineMost studies link lower socioeconomic status to higher costs and worse outcomes after traumatic brain injury, but the evidence is sparse and inconsistent. Only two studies fully measured social position, so current data cannot reliably guide clinical decisions on individual patients.
• PTOTSLPRCT2024Clinical and neurophysiological effects of bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and EEG-guided neurofeedback in Parkinson's disease: a randomized, four-arm controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationCombining brain stimulation with neurofeedback improved Parkinson's motor symptoms more than either alone. However, neither treatment changed walking speed, balance, or finger tapping speed. The effect on quality of life was positive but based on a small, unblinded sample.
• PTOTPilot2024Neuromuscular conditions in post-stroke ankle-foot dysfunction reflected by surface electromyography.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSurface EMG showed reduced muscle activation on the affected side and increased coordination on the unaffected side in post-stroke patients. These differences were not seen in traditional clinical assessments, suggesting EMG may reveal hidden neuromuscular compensation.
• PTOTCase Series2024Feedback control of heart rate during robotics-assisted tilt table exercise in patients after stroke: a clinical feasibility study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA feedback system automatically adjusted exercise intensity to keep stroke patients' heart rate at a target during robot-assisted tilt-table stepping. In 12 patients, heart rate tracking was accurate, with an average error of 2.00 beats per minute. The system was feasible, but this was not a clinical trial.
• OTOther2024Effectiveness of mixed reality-based rehabilitation on hands and fingers by individual finger-movement tracking in patients with stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChronic stroke patients using an MR board for four weeks improved hand function, finger movement, and perceived recovery. No control group means we cannot know if this training caused the changes.
• PTOTSLPOther2024Cognitive and self-regulation skills for employment among people with brain injury: A comparison of employed and non-employed people using mixed analysis.Work (Reading, Mass.)Employed adults with brain injury reported specific daily failures and used detailed strategies like reviewing schedules. Unemployed adults often denied symptoms or gave vague reports. Standard cognitive tests showed no difference between groups. Rehabilitation should target self-awareness and strategy use rather than assuming cognitive deficits are the barrier.
• PTOTRCT2024The influence of scaffolding on intrinsic motivation and autonomous adherence to a game-based, sparsely supervised home rehabilitation program for people with upper extremity hemiparesis due to stroke. A randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationScaffolding game difficulty did not improve adherence or motivation compared to hidden algorithmic adjustment. However, both sparsely supervised home programs produced clinically meaningful gains in arm function and daily activities. The game design mechanism was not the driver of recovery.
• OTSLPQualitative2024Work-support techniques used by occupational therapists to facilitate support after acquired brain injuries: A qualitative study.Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOTExperienced Japanese OTs described six core areas of work support for clients with acquired brain injury: vocational life rhythms, interpersonal skills, work tasks, compensation measures, illness awareness, and goal setting. These themes guide practice but are not tested interventions.
• PTOTQualitative2024Application of the participatory design in the testing of a baropodometric insole prototype for weight-bearing asymmetry after a stroke: A qualitative study.Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOTOne woman after stroke described a vibrating insole prototype as comfortable and felt she was walking more normally. Shoe size and app faults were barriers.
• PTOTSLPOther2024A Participatory Model for Cocreating Accessible Rehabilitation Technology for Stroke Survivors: User-Centered Design Approach.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesStroke survivors who completed an 8-week technology-based rehabilitation program provided detailed feedback that shaped the design of new devices, including a low-cost hand tool and a dosage monitoring app. This describes a development process, not evidence that these tools improve function.
• PTOTCohort2024Non-adherence to follow-up care in persons with spinal cord injury within 10 years after initial rehabilitation.Journal of rehabilitation medicineTen years after rehab, only 36% of people with spinal cord injury attended annual follow-ups. Older age, lack of a partner, and travel times over 2 hours predicted non-adherence. Deaths accounted for 29% of dropouts, while 44% of those who died stopped attending within the first year.
• OTCase Report2024Suspected exertional heat stroke: A case study of worker cooling in a hot and humid field environment.Work (Reading, Mass.)Colleagues used ice towels from a workplace heat stroke kit while emergency help was called for a worker with suspected heat stroke. The report describes a single person, not proof that ice towels prevent heat stroke.
• PTOTOther2024Effects of semi-immersive virtual reality and manipulation of optic flow speed on gait biomechanics in people post-stroke.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAdding semi-immersive virtual reality to self-paced treadmill walking did not change gait mechanics in people post-stroke, but it was safe and increased enjoyment. Manipulating optic flow speed caused only small, likely clinically irrelevant changes in walking speed.
• PTOTSurvey2024Work Difficulties in People with Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of occupational rehabilitationAmong 340 people with MS, older age, southern residence, and higher disability were linked to unemployment; higher education and open-ended contracts were linked to staying employed. In employed people, physical difficulties and fatigue were common.
• PTOTCohort2024Differences in rehabilitation evaluation access for rural and socially disadvantaged stroke survivors.Topics in stroke rehabilitationRural and socially disadvantaged stroke survivors received significantly fewer community-based physical and occupational therapy evaluations than their peers. Access to outpatient therapy was particularly low for these groups, with only 2.0% of the total cohort receiving outpatient occupational therapy.
• PTOTQualitative2025Nutrition and eating beliefs and behaviors among individuals with spinal cord injuries and disorders: Healthy or misconceived?Rehabilitation psychologyVeterans with chronic spinal cord injuries often restrict calories severely to manage weight or because injury altered their appetite and digestion. They also face physical barriers to cooking and shopping, leading many to rely on processed foods despite knowing this is unhealthy.
• OTCohort2024Intraindividual variability in post-stroke cognition and its relationship with activities of daily living and social functioning: an ecological momentary assessment approach.Topics in stroke rehabilitationIn 202 mild-to-moderate stroke survivors, people whose self-reported cognitive problems varied more across the day had worse daily activities and social functioning. Standardized cognitive tests did not show the same differences.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2024Factors related to high-risk movement behaviour in people with stroke who are highly sedentary and inactive.Disability and rehabilitationStroke survivors with high-risk sedentary habits were largely unaware of their movement patterns and relied on daily routines rather than conscious regulation. Participants stated that receiving feedback on their actual activity levels and support to break habitual sitting were key to enabling change.
• OTOther2024Two Decades of Department of Veterans Affairs Traumatic Brain Injury Care and Benefits for Veterans of Post-9/11 Conflicts.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationThe VA TBI Registry has identified 441,639 post-9/11 Veterans with possible or confirmed TBI. Most were classified as mild, and some still reported symptoms months to years later.
• PTOTSurvey2024Improving telehealth for persons with multiple sclerosis - a cross-sectional study from the Australian MS longitudinal study.Disability and rehabilitationMost participants with MS used telehealth, and most who rated it said it was positive. They wanted preparation guidance, remote monitoring devices, and ways to do physical tests or treatment remotely.
• PTOTOther2024ICF classification of therapeutic goals for outpatient episodes of neurorehabilitation in post-stroke and Parkinson disease.Disability and rehabilitationClinicians mostly set goals for what patients can do in the clinic, not in daily life. Only 21% of goals targeted real-world performance, and fewer than 1% used direct measurement. This disconnect may explain why capacity improves but daily function does not.
• PTOTOther2025Similarities and differences in factors associated with high and low sedentary behavior after stroke: a mixed methods study.Disability and rehabilitationPeople with more device-measured sitting time after stroke described basic daily tasks, help done for them, and barriers without solutions. People with less sitting time described wider activities, doing things with others, and finding ways around barriers.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2024Using machine learning to discover traumatic brain injury patient phenotypes: national concussion surveillance system Pilot.Brain injuryMachine learning sorted self-reported concussion symptoms into five distinct groups. One group had many symptoms and worse outcomes, including more social and work impairment. Another had headache alone and resolved quickly. These profiles may help target care, but the study did not test any treatment.
• PTOTSLPOther2024Neurobehavioral Symptom Profiles for the Behavioral Assessment Screening Tool in Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationAdults with chronic TBI fell into three distinct symptom profiles: High-Risk (mostly younger men with high substance misuse and impulsivity), Moderate-Risk, and High Negative Affect (mostly women with mild TBI and low other symptoms). These patterns suggest tailoring screening and intervention based on demographic and symptom clusters rather than treating TBI symptoms as a single uniform block.
• PTOTCohort2024Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography can predict inpatient rehabilitation functional outcome in patients with stroke.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationStroke patients with abnormally low blood flow velocity in the affected brain artery gained significantly less motor function during inpatient rehabilitation compared to those with normal flow. This single-center study suggests transcranial Doppler may help predict motor recovery potential.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2024Attitudes of cardiac rehabilitation and stroke teams towards integration of stroke survivors into adapted cardiac rehabilitation: A focus group study.Clinical rehabilitationCardiac rehab staff reported positive experiences integrating stroke survivors but lacked confidence managing stroke-specific issues like tone and fatigue. Stroke teams doubted cardiac staff's ability to provide safe support. Both groups agreed a specialist stroke physiotherapist must be present in classes.
• OTQualitative2025Music Upper Limb Therapy - Integrated (MULT-I) supports a positive transformation in sense of self post stroke: a thematic analysis.Disability and rehabilitationStroke survivors described a three-stage shift in self-perception during group music therapy. Enjoyment and autonomy in playing instruments engaged them, peer support helped process distress, and a sense of belonging fostered acceptance of their changed abilities and strengths.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024Life expectancy and long-term survival after traumatic spinal cord injury: a systematic review.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicinePeople with traumatic spinal cord injury live significantly shorter lives than the general population. Survival depends heavily on injury level and severity, with tetraplegia and high-level lesions carrying the greatest mortality risk.
• OTRCT2024Community Participation Transition After Stroke (COMPASS) Randomized Controlled Trial: Effect on Adverse Health Events.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationStroke survivors who received home modifications and self-management training from an OT had fewer deaths and nursing home admissions. Falls and 30-day readmissions were not significantly reduced. This safety benefit was a secondary finding, not the trial's primary aim.
• PTOTPilot2024The feasibility and acceptability of integrating dogs into inpatient rehabilitation therapy with children with acquired brain injury.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationDogs were feasible to add to inpatient PT/OT for 16 children with acquired brain injury: dogs attended 56 of 59 PT and 55 of 59 OT dog sessions, with no adverse events and high satisfaction from families and therapists.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2024"They Just Love Me"-An Examination of Social Support Experiences and Values Among People With TBI.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationPeople with TBI described good support as reliable, loving relationships, not just help with tasks. They valued doing things together, contributing to others, and feeling genuinely cared for. Tangible help was often available, but emotional closeness and dependable inclusion were harder to find.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Temporal Profile of Serum Neurofilament Light (NF-L) and Heavy (pNF-H) Level Associations With 6-Month Cognitive Performance in Patients With Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationElevated serum pNF-H levels measured 16 to 90 days after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury predict worse cognitive performance at six months. This association held even after adjusting for age and education. Acute levels and NF-L were not predictive.
• PTOTRCT2024Distal Versus Proximal Arm Improvement After Paired Vagus Nerve Stimulation Therapy After Chronic Stroke.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationPaired vagus nerve stimulation improved distal arm function (hand/wrist) significantly more than sham stimulation in chronic stroke patients. Proximal arm function (shoulder/elbow) improved similarly in both groups. This suggests VNS specifically targets fine motor recovery when paired with intensive therapy.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2024Silent Struggles: Traumatic Brain Injuries and Mental Health in Law Enforcement.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationMost officers in one county reported head injuries, but screening for PTSD showed no difference between those with and without them. Depression scores were higher in officers with head injuries, yet the cross-sectional design cannot prove the injuries caused this.
• PTOTSystematic Review2024Remotely Assessing Motor Function and Activity of the Upper Extremity After Stroke: A Systematic Review of Validity and Clinical Utility of Tele-Assessments.Clinical rehabilitationNo remote upper-limb assessment for stroke met the threshold for clinical utility. While some tools showed good reliability or validity, all required special equipment or training, and none scored high enough to be recommended for routine use.
• PTOTOther2025Falls in people with mobility limitations: a cross-sectional analysis of a US registry of assistive device users.Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technologyHalf of adults seeking mobility devices reported a fall in the past three months. Those with progressive conditions like Parkinson's or osteoarthritis fell most often, while many still used only canes or no device.
• PTOTCohort2025Is the Level of Consent to a National Research Registry Associated With Patient Outcomes After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury? A Population-Based Study From the Rick Hansen Spinal Cord Injury Registry.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationAfter traumatic spinal cord injury, people who gave only minimal registry consent or withdrew consent were more likely to stay longer in acute care, develop pressure injuries, and be discharged away from home. This is an association, not proof consent caused worse care.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2025Telerehabilitation - Historical Perspectives and Conceptual Framework in Reference to Neurological Disorders: A Narrative Review.NeuroRehabilitationThis review maps the history of telerehabilitation for neurological disorders, noting it began with speech therapy and now includes video, apps, and sensors. It identifies barriers like poor digital literacy and limited physical exam options, but does not test whether these methods improve patient outcomes.
• OTCohort2025Longitudinal associations of time-varying homeboundness and life satisfaction after traumatic brain injury.Rehabilitation psychologyAfter moderate to severe TBI, people who spent more time homebound reported lower life satisfaction. Becoming homebound between follow-up visits was also linked with lower satisfaction. Asking how often patients leave home may flag a participation problem.
• PTOTCohort2024The Kinematics of 3D Arm Movements in Sub-Acute Stroke: Impaired Inter-Joint Coordination is Attributable to Both Weakness and Flexor Synergy Intrusion.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn sub-acute stroke, impaired arm coordination is driven by both weakness and flexor synergy intrusion. Weakness alone can lower Fugl-Meyer scores without synergy presence, meaning clinical scales may reflect distinct underlying deficits depending on the patient.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Incidence and outcomes of pediatric patients with dual diagnosis of traumatic spinal cord injury and brain injury on an inpatient rehabilitation unit.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationPediatric patients with spinal cord injury and suspected brain injury showed no significant difference in functional recovery compared to those with spinal injury alone. However, agitation and attention problems appeared only in the suspected brain injury group, suggesting these symptoms may signal an undiagnosed concurrent condition.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2025Centering the person in development of a model of care for people with Parkinson's disease: a qualitative study.Disability and rehabilitationPeople with Parkinson's and their care partners described feeling overwhelmed by fragmented care. They wanted a single coordinator to manage referrals, clear information on daily life and medications, and community groups to reduce isolation and stigma.
• PTOTSurvey2025Clinician perceptions of a novel wearable robotic hand orthosis for post-stroke hemiparesis.Disability and rehabilitationMost therapists said they would use this prototype hand device for both therapy and daily tasks. They preferred supervised clinical settings over home use and wanted setup to take under five minutes. This reflects their opinions on a video demonstration, not proven patient outcomes.
• PTOTSLPCohort2025Socioeconomic factors in inflicted traumatic brain injury: Examining the area deprivation index.Rehabilitation psychologyIn children with inflicted brain injury, a neighborhood deprivation index did not predict death, intensive care stay, or follow-up visits. Hispanic/Latino children lived in more deprived neighborhoods. Older children were more likely to die, stay longer in intensive care, and have fewer visits.