THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 522 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• OTSLPCohort2024Heightened Anxiety and Depression Among Autistic Adolescents with ADHD: Findings From the National Survey of Children's Health 2016-2019.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdolescents with both autism and ADHD have the highest rates of anxiety and depression. Anxiety affects 72% of females and 69% of males with both conditions. Depression affects 39% of females and 38% of males. These rates are far higher than in those with only one condition or neither.
• OTOther2024Vocational Outcomes in ASD: An Examination of Work Readiness Skills as well as Barriers and Facilitators to Employment Identified by Autistic Adults.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutistic adults with stronger flexibility and daily living skills were more likely to be employed without support. Qualitative themes identified job mismatch and workplace inflexibility as key barriers, alongside the need for employer psychoeducation.
• PTOTOther2024A neuromechanical model characterizing the motor planning and posture control in the voluntary lean in Parkinson's disease.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPD patients lean slower and with stiffer ankles, especially backward. They also make smaller preparatory movements before leaning. These model parameters correlate with clinical scores like UPDRS and Functional Reach, offering a way to quantify specific balance deficits.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024Digital tools for direct assessment of autism risk during early childhood: A systematic review.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceDigital tablet and smartphone tasks measuring social preference and motor movements consistently distinguished autistic children from typical peers in 38 pilot studies. These tools are brief and automated, but none are validated for clinical screening yet.
• SLPRCT2024Randomised Controlled Trial of a Behavioural Sleep Intervention, 'Sleeping Sound', for Autistic Children: 12-Month Outcomes and Moderators of Treatment.Journal of autism and developmental disordersA brief behavioural sleep intervention kept working a year later for autistic children. Sleep problems, especially trouble falling asleep, stayed significantly better than in usual care. However, children still scored in the clinical range, so many families likely need ongoing support rather than a one-off fix.
• PTOther2024Gait quality in prosthesis users is reflected by force-based metrics when learning to walk on a new research-grade powered prosthesis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesForce-based metrics detected gait improvements after tuning a powered prosthesis, but standard clinical observation scores and overall leg work did not. The tuning process required approximately 24 iterations to reach a state deemed comfortable by the team and participant.
• OTSLPCohort2024Longitudinal Relations Between Early Sensory Responsiveness and Later Communication in Infants with Autistic and Non-autistic Siblings.Journal of autism and developmental disordersInfants with low reaction to sensory input or high distress from it had lower language scores nine months later. These early behavioral signs predicted communication delays in both high-risk and typical groups.
• SLPOther2024Expert Clinician Certainty in Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder in 16-30-Month-Olds: A Multi-site Trial Secondary Analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disordersExpert clinicians were certain in their diagnosis for 70.2% of toddlers. Uncertainty clustered in children with mid-range autism symptoms. For those diagnosed with ASD, mild presentation was the top reason for doubt. For non-ASD cases, repetitive behaviors alongside social strengths drove uncertainty.
• OTSLPQualitative2024Friendships in Children with Williams Syndrome: Parent and Child Perspectives.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of children with Williams Syndrome reported difficulties sustaining friendships due to disinhibited behaviour, social anxiety, and mismatched interests. Children often named friends but interactions were mostly confined to school. Peer dynamics shifted as neurotypical peers gained independence.
• SLPNarrative Review2024Biomechanical and Cortical Control of Tongue Movements During Chewing and Swallowing.DysphagiaChewing and swallowing require tongue shape changes, oral sensation, and cortical control. Loss of oral sensation or stroke-related cortical damage can disrupt food handling and swallowing, but no treatment is tested.
• PTOTSLPPilot2024A Digital Intervention to Promote Self-Management Self-Efficacy Among Community-Dwelling Individuals With Stroke: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesA 12-week text-messaging and coaching program improved stroke survivors' confidence in managing home, work, and social activities. Retention was high, but the small sample and unblinded design mean this shows feasibility, not proven effectiveness.
• OTSLPQualitative2024Parental Perspectives: How Sensory Sensitivities Impact the Transition to Adulthood in Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of autistic adolescents and young adults described sensory sensitivities as a constant barrier to independence. Touch and sound issues most often restricted job options, social participation, and daily living tasks. Parents reported needing to manage environments and teach self-advocacy to help their children navigate adulthood.
• Narrative Review2024Role of Rehabilitation in Spine Tumors.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationNo study results are reported. This narrative review gives background on spinal tumors and rehabilitation, but there is no finding to change your practice on.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2024"I Wish I Had That!": A Qualitative Analysis of Psychosocial Treatment Preferences Among Young Adults With Recent Concussion and Anxiety.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationYoung adults with recent concussion and anxiety want a short, early, virtual program led by a compassionate facilitator. They need clear facts to debunk myths, coping skills for activity pacing, and validation that their symptoms are normal. They prefer agency over rigid instructions.
• PTRCT2024Can transcranial direct current stimulation combined with interactive computerized cognitive training boost cognition and gait performance in older adults with mild cognitive impairment? a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn older adults with mild cognitive impairment, adding brain stimulation to Nintendo Switch cognitive training did not improve cognition more than sham stimulation plus training, but it improved walking speed, steadiness and the cost of doing both.
• SLPCohort2024Influences of motor speech impairments on the presentation of dysphagia in progressive supranuclear palsy.International journal of speech-language pathologyIn 73 people with progressive supranuclear palsy, worse motor speech severity and the presence of apraxia of speech predicted more severe pharyngeal swallowing impairment. Oral phase scores and diet safety did not relate to speech type. Swallowing function was largely preserved in this mild cohort.
• SLPPilot2024Acute Dysphagia Following Reperfusion Therapies: A Prospective Pilot Cohort Study.DysphagiaDysphagia rates remained above 90% in the first 72 hours after stroke reperfusion therapies. Higher initial stroke severity scores and poor clot removal outcomes predicted worse swallowing. These factors help SLPs triage risk, but the small pilot size limits certainty.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Dysphagia Prevalence and Outcomes Associated with the Evolution of COVID-19 and Its Variants in Critically Ill Patients.DysphagiaIn critically ill COVID-19 patients referred to speech pathology, 94% had dysphagia at initial assessment. Most recovered by discharge, but 29% still had swallowing problems. Longer time on a ventilator or tracheostomy was linked to slower recovery.
• SLPCohort2023Predictors of Susceptibility to Noise and Speech Masking Among School-Age Children With Hearing Loss or Typical Hearing.Ear and hearingChildren with hearing loss understood speech in noise worse than peers with normal hearing, even with hearing aids on. Vocabulary predicted how well they did in steady background noise. Attention predicted how well children with normal hearing did when competing talkers were present, but it did not predict performance in children with hearing loss.
• SLPQualitative2023Experiences of Hearing Children of Deaf Parents in Ireland.Journal of deaf studies and deaf educationHearing adults raised by deaf parents in Ireland described sign language as normal, stigma from hearing people, and interpreting for parents from age 5. They found brokering stressful, especially in hospitals and parent-teacher meetings, yet also felt it prepared them for adulthood.
• SLPNarrative Review2023Addressing disparities in speech-language pathology and laryngology services with telehealth.Journal of communication disordersTelehealth can help some people access voice care, but it does not solve the underlying barriers. Patients without good internet, those with complex physical needs, or those who need a physical examination still require in-person services. A mix of video and face-to-face visits is likely necessary.
• SLPNarrative Review2023Neurocomputational modeling of speech motor development.Journal of child languageNo patient outcomes are reported. The paper describes computational models of speech motor development, not tested therapies. There is nothing here to change practice.
• SLPOther2023Intelligibility in Context Scale: Growth Curves for Typically Developing English-Speaking Children Between Ages 2;6 and 9;11.American journal of speech-language pathologyTypically developing children's parent-rated intelligibility scores rise slowly with age, reaching a ceiling of 5 by 6;6. Children aged 6 and older scoring below 4 warrant a comprehensive speech evaluation, while younger children scoring 3 or 4 may just need monitoring.
• SLPQualitative2024Social Validity of Pivotal Response Treatment for Young Autistic Children: Perspectives of Autistic Adults.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutistic adults rated Pivotal Response Treatment as slightly acceptable overall, but views varied sharply by video. They valued following the child's lead and reinforcing attempts, yet strongly criticized prioritizing spoken language over AAC or sign, and withholding reinforcement for non-speaking children's imperfect approximations.
• OTOther2024The Impact of Emergency Pandemic HCBS Funding on the Continuity and Security of People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.Journal of autism and developmental disordersPeople with intellectual and developmental disabilities were more likely to have stable services and life planning in states that raised HCBS payment rates or offered retainer payments during the pandemic. Retainer payments had the stronger association.
• SLPSurvey2024Towards a core outcome set for dysarthria after stroke: What should we measure?Clinical rehabilitationFor post-stroke dysarthria, stroke survivors, speech-language therapists and researchers agreed four outcome domains to measure: intelligibility, conversation participation, living well, and, where relevant, communication partner skills.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2024A Qualitative Study of Adults' and Support Persons' Experiences of Support After Autism Diagnosis.Journal of autism and developmental disordersLate-diagnosed adults and their families described a confusing gap between diagnosis and support. They wanted clear guidance on services, autism-informed professionals who respect their identity, and help for support persons. Peer support was valued but often lacked practical problem-solving.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2024The Relationship Between Nutrition-Physical Activity Behaviors of Autistic Children with Their Families and Children's Obesity Levels During Covid Pandemic.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of children with severe autism reported lower family nutrition and activity scores than those with atypical autism. Regularly monitoring the child's height and weight was linked to higher scores. However, neither family habits nor mealtime behaviors correlated with the children's actual BMI before or during the pandemic.
• SLPPilot2024Supporting Caregivers Remotely During a Pandemic: Comparison of WHO Caregiver Skills Training Delivered Online Versus in Person in Public Health Settings in Italy.Journal of autism and developmental disordersRemote caregiver training was feasible and increased caregivers' knowledge and skills similarly to in-person training, but caregivers found content less comprehensible and applicable. Parent stress and self-efficacy did not differ from usual care.
• Narrative Review2024Inpatient Rehabilitation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients: Managing Challenging Impairments and Medical Fragility.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationNo original methods, patients, or outcomes are reported. This narrative review summarizes rehabilitation needs after stem cell transplant.
• SLPOther2024Contrasting Views of Autism Spectrum Traits in Adults, Especially in Self-Reports vs. Informant-Reports for Women High in Autism Spectrum Traits.Journal of autism and developmental disordersSelf-reports and informant reports of autism traits and executive function in adults high in autism spectrum traits showed no agreement. Female probands reported more traits than their informants did. Both sources are needed because they carry different information.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Identifying profiles of stroke patients benefitting from additional training: a latent class analysis approach.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAdditional training improved daily living scores only for a specific group: patients aged 65-84 with right-side paralysis and moderate dependence. For this group, combining self-exercise with staff-led training worked best. Other patient profiles showed no significant benefit from these additions.
• SLPOther2024Reliability and validity study of a Turkish version of the Communicative Effectiveness Survey-Revised (CES-R).International journal of language & communication disordersThe Turkish Communicative Effectiveness Survey-Revised reliably distinguishes general from difficult communication situations in people with Parkinson's disease. Scores were stable over two weeks and highly consistent, supporting its use to assess participation barriers beyond simple speech intelligibility.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Unmet environmental needs and unmet healthcare needs in a population of young adults with cerebral palsy: what the SPARCLE study tells us.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesYoung adults with cerebral palsy who lack social support are much more likely to have unmet needs for speech therapy, occupational therapy, and counselling. Physical accessibility alone did not predict unmet care. Clinicians should assess family and community support networks, not just transport or building access.
• PTOTCohort2024Decreased Bed Mobility Function Is Associated With Postdischarge Mortality for Cancer Patients in Inpatient Rehabilitation.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationCancer patients who leave rehab with low bed mobility scores or little improvement are three times more likely to die within six months. This simple bedside measure predicts mortality better than admission scores and works independently of overall physical function.
• SLPQualitative2024Autism and bilingualism: A thematic analysis of practitioner perspectives in the United Kingdom.International journal of language & communication disordersSpeech and language therapists generally supported autistic children keeping their home languages, but felt unsure because evidence and culturally suitable tools were limited. Parents often worried bilingualism caused delay. Interpreter access, resources and workforce diversity constrained practice.
• SLPNarrative Review2024Your phrases matter: Third waves in research approaches and new contexts for formulaic language.International journal of language & communication disordersNo patient outcomes are reported. This narrative overview discusses formulaic language in dementia communication, including concepts, examples, and intervention contexts. It cannot support a tested treatment effect.
• Narrative Review2024Intelligent systems for sitting posture monitoring and anomaly detection: an overview.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThis review compares engineering methods for detecting abnormal sitting postures in wheelchair users, such as pressure sensors in cushions versus cameras in the room. It does not test whether these systems improve patient health or rehabilitation outcomes.
• SLPOther2024Stress, Eating Behavior and Adverse Health in Parents of Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMothers of young children with autism reported high parenting stress and higher rates of obesity and metabolic syndrome than the general population. Their stress levels correlated with emotional and external eating. Fathers reported high stress too, but showed no significant differences in physical health outcomes.
• Other2024Proposing a Cancer Rehabilitation Medicine Curriculum for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Trainees.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationNo evidence of effect is reported. The article is a curriculum proposal for PM&R trainees, with no participants, outcomes, or results to guide practice.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Association between cognitive dysfunction and diabetes in patients over 65 years old: a cross-sectional study using propensity score matching.Journal of rehabilitation medicineOlder adults with diabetes were significantly more likely to have cognitive dysfunction than matched controls. Among those with diabetes, having cognitive dysfunction was strongly associated with greater dependence in daily activities like bathing and dressing.
• PTOTSLPOther2024Latent Class Analysis Identifies Distinctive Behavioral Subtypes in Children with Fragile X Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with fragile X syndrome fall into five distinct behavioral groups. Three moderate-severity groups differ clearly: one with high anxiety and social avoidance, one with disruptive behaviors, and one with attention issues but less social impairment. This helps target support.
• SLPCase-Control2023Characterizing a Joint Reflection-Distortion OAE Profile in Humans With Endolymphatic Hydrops.Ear and hearingIn people with endolymphatic hydrops, distortion otoacoustic emissions were significantly reduced, while reflection emissions remained near normal. This distinct profile suggests testing both emission types may help identify the condition, though it is not yet a diagnostic test.
• SLPOther2023Assessing Lexical and Syntactic Comprehension in Deaf Signing Adults.Journal of deaf studies and deaf educationThree sign language comprehension tests for adults showed high accuracy in healthy native and non-native signers. Lexical scores were stable regardless of age of exposure, but syntax scores dropped significantly for non-natives. Different baselines are needed for syntactic assessment.
• SLPCohort2023Spanish Bilingual Morphosyntactic Development in Bilingual Children With and Without Developmental Language Disorder: Articles, Clitics, Verbs, and the Subjunctive Mood.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHRBilingual Spanish children with DLD showed significantly lower accuracy than peers with typical development, and this gap did not close by age 8. Both groups improved over time, but older children learned more slowly. Articles and verbs were easier than clitics and the subjunctive.
• SLPCohort2023Is Methotrexate Ototoxic? Investigating the Ototoxic Late Effects of Pediatric Cancer Treatment.American journal of audiologyHearing loss was found in small groups treated with methotrexate without cisplatin or cranial radiation, years after pediatric cancer treatment. Ask about cancer drugs and make sure audiology follow-up is in place.
• SLPOther2023Hearing Aid Delay Effects on Neural Phase Locking.Ear and hearingIn 21 older adults fitted with open domes, a 0.5-msec hearing aid delay produced a clearer brainstem response to a speech sound than 5-msec or 7-msec delays. Longer delays weakened timing, especially with less hearing loss.
• SLPCohort2023Variability in Cochlear Implantation Outcomes in a Large German Cohort With a Genetic Etiology of Hearing Loss.Ear and hearingCochlear implant recipients whose hearing loss came from genes affecting nerve-related tissue in the inner ear scored lower on a word recognition test than recipients with other genetic diagnoses. Their median score was 45%, while the cohort median was 70%.
• PTOTSLPOther2024Family caregivers improve the diagnostic accuracy of disorders of consciousness: from remote to near-bed auditory stimulation.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineHaving a family caregiver deliver verbal instructions during consciousness assessments, whether in the room or via video, helped clinicians identify higher levels of consciousness in patients with severe brain injury. This method reduced the risk of misdiagnosing patients as unresponsive.
• OTSLPCohort2024Caregiver Attributions of Toddlers' Behaviors: A Comparison Between Groups of Children with Differing Developmental Concerns.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCaregivers of toddlers with autism concerns viewed their child's positive behaviors as less stable and controllable, and challenging behaviors as more permanent, compared to caregivers of children with other developmental concerns or no concerns. Group membership did not predict the specific behaviors reported.