THE INDEX

Every paper we have read

Each one summarised from the full article, not its abstract, and kept only if it speaks to physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology or nursing. Newest first.

35,183 PAPERS · PAGE 431 OF 704 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTRCT2022Association Between Measures of Muscle Strength and Performance of Daily Activities in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis.Journal of rehabilitation medicineIsokinetic peak strength predicted walking, chair-rise and stair-climb performance better than estimated 1-RM in knee OA. The expected activity-specific pattern for 1-RM was not found. These two strength measures reflect different constructs.
• Case Report2022Neural correlates of user learning during long-term BCI training for the Cybathlon competition.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationOne man with severe weakness learned to control a brain-computer interface for a racing game. His performance improved over months and remained stable after a one-year break without using the device. This single case suggests skill retention is possible, but does not prove the method works for others.
• OTCohort2022Neurocognitive functioning of children with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities and psychiatric disorders: profile characteristics and predictors of behavioural problems.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRChildren with mild intellectual disabilities and psychiatric disorders showed major weaknesses in processing speed and working memory. However, these cognitive deficits did not predict behavioural problems. Verbalising during tasks and better visual-spatial skills were linked to internalising symptoms, while no consistent pattern emerged for externalising behaviours.
• PTOTCohort2022Longer Daily Duration of Supervised Rehabilitation after Laparoscopic Surgery for Colorectal Cancer Improves Activities of Daily Living.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePatients receiving over 40 minutes of daily supervised rehabilitation after colorectal cancer surgery showed greater improvement in activities of daily living at 14 days than those receiving less. This observational data suggests longer daily therapy time correlates with better functional recovery.
• PTOTSLPRCT2022Effects of Additional Individually Tailored Interventions on Sick-Leave and Symptoms in Patients with Exhaustion Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAdding tailored interventions like graded activity, sleep CBT, or memory training to standard care did not reduce sick leave or burnout symptoms more than standard care alone after 15 months. Standard treatment appears effective on its own, suggesting extra individual therapies may not add further benefit.
• Survey2022Anxiety Sensitivity Domains are Differently Affected by Social and Non-social Autistic Traits.Journal of autism and developmental disordersUniversity students with more social autistic traits reported more fear of anxiety symptoms, especially worries about mental control and being judged. Attention to detail traits were not linked to anxiety sensitivity. This was a questionnaire study, not a treatment trial.
• OTQualitative2022Experiences of Students, Teachers, and Parents Participating in an Inclusive, School-Based Informal Engineering Education Program.Journal of autism and developmental disordersStudents on the autism spectrum described a school-based engineering club as a space where their focused interests were valued rather than pathologized. This strength-based approach supported their autonomy, engagement, and peer relationships, according to student, teacher, and parent reports.
• PTOTSLPRCT2022Effects of ATLAS 2030 gait exoskeleton on strength and range of motion in children with spinal muscular atrophy II: a case series.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThree non-ambulatory children with SMA type II showed increased lower limb strength and range of motion after ten sessions with the ATLAS 2030 exoskeleton. Hip extension and knee flexion improved most. Without a control group, these gains cannot be separated from natural variation or concurrent stretching.
• SLPOther2022Preserving Wideband Tympanometry Information With Artifact Mitigation.Ear and hearingA new signal processing method removes low-frequency noise artifacts from wideband tympanometry data without smoothing away diagnostically important peaks. This preserves the raw mechanical information of the ear, allowing clinicians to see true absorbance patterns that standard smoothing algorithms often obscure.
• SLPOther2021A Comparison of the Perceived Hearing Difficulties of Community and Clinical Samples of Older Adults.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHROlder adults who did not seek clinical assistance reported better communication performance, less problem awareness, and more denial of difficulties than clinic samples, even after age and hearing loss were controlled. The two clinic samples showed smaller differences.
• PTOther2021Ultrasonographic Validation for Needle Placement in the Tibialis Posterior Muscle.International journal of sports physical therapyExperienced clinicians placed dry needles accurately in the tibialis posterior muscle in all 20 healthy participants without serious adverse events. However, the needle came within 2.1 mm of the artery and 3.5 mm of the nerve in some cases. This confirms anatomical safety for experts, not efficacy for patients.
• PTOther2021Reliability of an Observational Biomechanical Analysis Tool in Adolescent Baseball Pitchers.International journal of sports physical therapyA 2D video tool for adolescent baseball pitchers gave consistent total scores among trained sports raters, but some individual mechanics items were less consistent. It does not yet show injury risk or replace 3D motion analysis.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2021Mechanisms of Aminoglycoside- and Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity.American journal of audiologyAminoglycosides and cisplatin enter inner ear hair cells through specific ion channels, causing permanent hearing and balance loss. Inflammation, noise exposure, and certain co-administered drugs significantly worsen this damage. Clinicians should monitor high-risk patients closely during and after treatment.
• SLPOther2021The cerebellum is linked to theory of mind alterations in autism. A direct clinical and MRI comparison between individuals with autism and cerebellar neurodegenerative pathologies.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchAdults with autism and adults with cerebellar degeneration performed similarly on theory-of-mind tests, but both scored lower than healthy controls. Both groups showed reduced right cerebellar Crus II volume, but volume did not correlate with scores.
• PTCohort2021Comparison of OnBaseU Tests with Biomechanical Motion Analysis in Youth Baseball Pitchers.International journal of sports physical therapyMost OnBaseU tests did not match 3D motion capture data for youth pitchers. Only the side step walkout test correlated with stride length, and even then only at the extreme scores. The screen should not be used to assess pitching mechanics.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021The prevalence and incidence of early-onset dementia among adults with autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchAdults with autism enrolled in Medicaid were diagnosed with early-onset dementia at a younger age and had a significantly higher risk of developing it than the general Medicaid population. The risk was highest for those with co-occurring intellectual disability, but remained elevated for those with autism alone.
• PTCohort2021The Intra- and Inter-rater Reliability of an Arm Care Screening Tool in High School Baseball Coaches.International journal of sports physical therapyHigh school baseball coaches can reliably screen players for movement limitations using a new three-minute tool. After just one hour of training, coaches agreed with a physical therapist on pass or fail results for 95% of players, matching the therapist's own consistency.
• PTOTCohort2021Sport Specialization, Physical Performance and Injury History in Canadian Junior High School Students.International journal of sports physical therapySport specialization was not linked to higher injury odds or worse physical performance in Canadian junior high students. However, girls and students with more total sports hours had higher odds of reporting a previous injury, regardless of specialization level.
• SLPQualitative2021Autistic adults' personal experiences of navigating a social world prior to and during Covid-19 lockdown in Spain.Research in developmental disabilitiesAutistic adults in Spain described the lockdown as reducing the exhausting need to camouflage socially, allowing time for personal interests. However, they faced increased stigma and isolation from the public and a lack of autism support, which intensified anxiety and feelings of vulnerability.
• SLPNarrative Review2021Potential Risks to Hearing Functions of Service Members From Exposure to Jet Fuels.American journal of audiologyThis article reviews potential hearing risks from jet fuel exposure but presents no new clinical data. It suggests audiologists screen for chemical exposure history and consider central auditory processing tests when patients report difficulties not explained by standard audiograms.
• SLPOther2021Executive Function Training for Deaf Children: Impact of a Music Intervention.Journal of deaf studies and deaf educationIn deaf children, ten hours of rhythm-based music sessions improved some working memory and planning tasks, but not cognitive flexibility, and gains were not maintained after the programme ended.
• SLPOther2022Differentiation of autism spectrum disorder and mood or anxiety disorder.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceStandard autism tests often flag mood and anxiety disorders as autism. For children, specific items like stereotyped words and poor social overtures best separate the two. For adolescents and adults, tests are less accurate, so rely on direct observation of social communication rather than scores alone.
• SLPQualitative2022Organizational perspectives and diagnostic evaluations for children with neurodevelopmental disorders.Developmental medicine and child neurologyClinicians in Flanders reported that waiting for a formal diagnosis often delays necessary support. They suggested starting care immediately upon suspicion using needs-based assessments. This approach aims to bypass long waiting lists and prevent children from aging out of eligibility for services.
• OTSLPOther2022Brief Report: Initial Evidence of Depressive Symptom Disparities among Black and White Transition Age Autistic Youth.Journal of autism and developmental disordersBlack autistic transition-age youth reported higher depressive symptoms than White autistic peers, but rates of clinical depression did not differ. The sample was small, so these findings suggest a need for further research rather than a confirmed disparity.
• SLPCohort2022Effects of Device Limitations on Acquisition of the /t/-/k/ Contrast in Children With Cochlear Implants.Ear and hearingChildren with cochlear implants produced /t/ and /k/ less accurately than peers with normal hearing, but unlike typical development, they acquired both sounds at similar rates. They also made unique errors, such as substituting affricates for stops, which suggests device limitations alter speech learning rather than just delaying it.
• PTOTOther2022Application of a virtual reality tracker-based system to measure seated postural stability in stroke patients.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA virtual reality tracker gave fair to excellent repeat results for most seated sway measures, but quiet sitting was unreliable. It separated stroke patients from controls mainly on unstable surfaces and tracked clinical balance through trunk speed.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Finnish Version of the Eating Assessment Tool (F-EAT-10): A Valid and Reliable Patient-reported Outcome Measure for Dysphagia Evaluation.DysphagiaThe Finnish EAT-10 is a reliable, 30-second screening tool for dysphagia. A score of 3 or more flags likely swallowing problems. It correlates well with clinical severity ratings, though it is a weaker predictor of specific aspiration events on endoscopy.
• Other2022Advancing Academic Capacity in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine to Strengthen Rehabilitation in Health Systems Worldwide: A Joint Effort by the European Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Association of Academic Physiatrists, and the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.Journal of rehabilitation medicineThis paper argues that rehabilitation medicine needs stronger academic leadership and research funding to improve global health systems. It offers no clinical findings or evidence on patient treatments.
• PTOther2022Association of disease outcomes with physical activity in multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study.Rehabilitation psychologyIn 213 people with MS, less active people had worse walking endurance, more walking limitations, more depression and fatigue, and lower processing speed. The study did not test treatment.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Effect of sex chromosome number variation on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, executive function, and processing speed.Developmental medicine and child neurologyChildren with Turner syndrome showed broader deficits in attention, hyperactivity, and executive function than controls. Children with Klinefelter syndrome showed specific weaknesses in working memory and attention problems, but not hyperactivity. These distinct profiles suggest different clinical management strategies for each condition.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2022Teacher Characteristics, Knowledge and Use of Evidence-Based Practices in Autism Education in Ireland.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMost Irish primary teachers have low knowledge of autism evidence-based practices, relying instead on traditional methods. Teachers with more training and frequent access to allied health support report higher knowledge and use of these practices.
• SLPRCT2022Cogmed Training Does Not Generalize to Real-World Benefits for Adult Hearing Aid Users: Results of a Blinded, Active-Controlled Randomized Trial.Ear and hearingFive weeks of Cogmed working memory training did not improve speech-in-noise perception or everyday hearing for adults with hearing loss. Participants got better at the specific training tasks, but this did not transfer to real-world listening benefits.
• PTOTCase-Control2022Increased foot strike variability during turning in Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait.Gait & posturePeople with Parkinson's who freeze take shorter, wider turns with less foot contact and more variability. Freezing happens most often in the middle of a turn, where the body must change direction fastest, suggesting this phase is a key target for therapy.
• SLPQualitative2022The impact of socio-cultural values on autistic women: An interpretative phenomenological analysis.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceEight autistic women described how unspoken cultural rules and gender stereotypes made their struggles invisible. They felt pressured to change to fit in, often being judged as rude or exaggerating. Supportive relationships helped them separate from these harmful expectations and build a more authentic sense of self.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022COVID-19 risk: Adult Medicaid beneficiaries with autism, intellectual disability, and mental health conditions.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAdults with autism, intellectual disability, or mental health conditions on Medicaid had significantly higher odds of living in congregate settings, receiving in-home care, and having severe comorbidities like obesity and chronic lung disease, increasing their COVID-19 exposure and severity risk.
• PTPilot2022Gait biofeedback training in people with Parkinson's disease: a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationVisual biofeedback reduced side-to-side trunk lean in people with Parkinson's disease, but the effect was not present at seven-day follow-up. During feedback, walking slowed and trunk and pelvis motion increased when adjusted for speed.
• PTOTRCT2022Intermittent theta burst stimulation modulates biceps brachii corticomotor excitability in individuals with tetraplegia.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIntermittent theta burst stimulation increased biceps excitability in people with tetraplegia but not in healthy controls. The response varied based on individual motor threshold ratios, suggesting this stimulation could prime the nervous system before therapy for some patients.
• Narrative Review2022Is the search for cerebral palsy 'cures' a reasonable and appropriate goal in the 2020s?Developmental medicine and child neurologyThis paper debates the ethics of seeking cures for cerebral palsy. It does not test any treatment or report patient outcomes, so it offers no evidence to change clinical practice.
• PTCase Report2021Conservative treatment of a scoliosis patient after two heart surgeries in early childhood - A case report.The South African journal of physiotherapyIn a girl with severe thoracic scoliosis after two heart surgeries, brace plus Schroth exercises were associated with no progression during growth and improved appearance. This is a case report, and the two treatments cannot be separated.
• PTOther2021The Use of Big Data to Improve Human Health: How Experience From other Industries Will Shape the Future.International journal of sports physical therapyThis article discusses how data science in healthcare differs from other industries, noting that health data science focuses on causality and discrete studies while other fields focus on prediction and product integration. It reports no clinical outcomes.
• PTSurvey2021Prevalence and associated factors of COVID-19 across Italian regions: a secondary analysis from a national survey on physiotherapists.Archives of physiotherapyPhysiotherapists in Northern and Central Italy had significantly higher odds of testing positive for COVID-19 than those in Southern regions. Working in hospitals and cardio-respiratory fields increased risk, while female sex and younger age were protective. Regional differences in PPE access and lockdown timing likely drove these disparities.
• SLPCohort2021Complex nonverbal response inhibition and stopping impulsivity in childhood stuttering.Journal of fluency disordersPreschoolers who stutter were less accurate and slower at a nonverbal tapping task than fluent peers. Boys who stutter produced significantly more extra taps, indicating difficulty stopping an action. These group differences suggest a domain-general weakness in inhibition, not just speech.
• PTSurvey2021South African physiotherapists' perspectives on the competencies needed to work in special schools for learners with special needs.The South African journal of physiotherapyPhysiotherapists in South African special schools felt prepared clinically but less prepared for education policy, curriculum, legal duties, and school-based service planning. Training and departmental support were seen as uneven.
• SLPOther2021Speech Development Between 30 and 119 Months in Typical Children I: Intelligibility Growth Curves for Single-Word and Multiword Productions.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHRChildren speak more clearly in sentences than in single words. Average kids hit 90% clarity in sentences by age 5, but lower-performing peers may not until age 7. Single-word clarity lags behind, requiring more precise sound production.
• PTOther2021Telehealth Physical Therapy: More Than an Alternative to In Person Care of the Young Athlete.International journal of sports physical therapyThis paper is a clinical commentary, not a study. It argues that telehealth helps physical therapists see how young athletes actually perform exercises at home and adjust programs accordingly. It reports no patient outcomes or comparative data, so there are no findings to act on.
• PTOther2021Effective Attentional Focus Strategies after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Commentary.International journal of sports physical therapyThis commentary suggests changing exercise wording so patients focus on the movement effect, not their body, after ACL reconstruction. It reports no new methods or outcomes.
• SLPOther2022Early Post-operative Feeding: An Investigation of Early Functional Outcomes for Oral Cancer Patients Treated with Surgical Resection and Free Flap Reconstruction.DysphagiaPatients undergoing free flap reconstruction for oral cancer were seen by speech therapists on day one. 86% tolerated fluids, and median hospital stay was 10 days. Fistula rates remained low at 10%, supporting early oral trials under clinical supervision.
• PTOTPilot2022Development of a single device to quantify motor impairments of the elbow: proof of concept.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA robotic device measured elbow weakness, synergy, elasticity, and spasticity in ten stroke patients within one hour. Every patient showed at least one impairment outside the healthy range. The device is feasible for quantifying these deficits, but it is not yet proven reliable or valid.
• PTRCT2022Interadministrator Reliability of a Modified Instrumented Push and Release Test of Reactive Balance.Journal of sport rehabilitationWhen two therapists administer the eyes-closed Push and Release test, their results agree moderately on recovery time and step length, but poorly on how fast the patient steps. Use summary metrics across all four directions rather than single-direction scores to ensure reliable comparison.
• PTCohort2022Condensed Outpatient Rehabilitation Early After Lung Transplantation: A Retrospective Analysis of 6-Minute Walk Distance and Its Predictors.Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journalLung transplant recipients who did intensive outpatient rehab 5 days a week walked 162 meters further on average after completing the program. Those starting with lower walking distance or younger age improved the most, though patients with lower baseline function took longer to finish.