SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Research for speech-language pathology

Papers a speech-language pathologist can act on — aphasia, dysphagia, developmental language, fluency, voice and augmentative communication — read in full and summarised plainly.

10,216 PAPERS · PAGE 45 OF 205 · NEWEST FIRST

• SLPRCT2020A Virtual Resiliency Intervention for Parents of Children with Autism: A Randomized Pilot Trial.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn parents of children with autism, a virtual resiliency program did not clearly reduce distress, but improved coping and resiliency compared with parents waiting. This was only a pilot.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2020Growing up with Fragile X Syndrome: Concerns and Care Needs of Young Adult Patients and Their Parents.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents and young adults with Fragile X described a care system that fails them. They reported anxiety, hidden disabilities in women, and parents doing all the administrative work. Clinicians should screen for these specific gaps rather than assuming adult care is adequate.
• SLPOther2020The Role of Emotion Regulation on Co-occurring Psychopathology in Emerging Adults with ASD.Journal of autism and developmental disordersYoung adults with ASD who had anxiety or depression reported more involuntary emotion regulation and less voluntary emotion regulation than those without. Caregiver reports did not show the same pattern. This was a small baseline study, not a treatment test.
• SLPOther2020Understanding Social Communication Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder and First-Degree Relatives: A Study of Looking and Speaking.Journal of autism and developmental disordersNarrative quality was similar to controls in a structured picture-book task but lower in both individuals with ASD and their parents during an unstructured, emotionally ambiguous storytelling task. Gaze differences were subtle and inconsistent.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Changing Healthcare and School Needs in the First Year After Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationUnmet or unrecognized health care needs were 22% at 3 months, with 13% unrecognized and 7% unmet at 12 months. Needs shifted from physical to cognitive and socioemotional, and combined health care or school need was 28% at 3 months and 24% at 12 months.
• SLPOther2019Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder: Another name for the Broad Autism Phenotype?Autism : the international journal of research and practiceSocial communication problems and repetitive behaviours moved together across autism, language impairment, and unaffected family groups. Only one unaffected sibling had impaired social communication and no impaired repetitive behaviours. The social communication diagnosis was hard to separate.
• SLPOther2019Assessment of racial and ethnic bias in autism spectrum disorder prevalence estimates from a US surveillance system.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceReported autism prevalence gaps between white and black or Hispanic children were not explained by missing residency or race data. Black and Hispanic children were more often left as suspected cases when only school records were available.
• PTOTSLPRCT2019Stroke patients' and non-professional coaches' experiences with home-based constraint-induced movement therapy: a qualitative study.Clinical rehabilitationChronic stroke patients and their family coaches described home-based constraint-induced movement therapy as hard to fit into daily life due to time and fatigue. While some valued the shared effort, others found the coaching stressful. Patients often struggled with the immobilizing glove and had unmet expectations for rapid recovery.
• SLPSystematic Review2019Assuming ability of youth with autism: Synthesis of methods capturing the first-person perspectives of children and youth with disabilities.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceFirst-person studies mostly used in-person open-ended interviews, and minimally verbal participants were underrepresented. Image-based tools such as Talking Mats and Photovoice, familiar settings and tailored questions were identified as possible ways to capture youth voices, but the review did not test whether these methods work.
• SLPPilot2019Developing an Online Tool to Measure Social Network Structure and Perceived Social Support Amongst Autistic Students in Higher Education: A Feasibility Study.Journal of autism and developmental disordersTen autistic students could complete a tool that maps their social contacts and support. They reported family support as more frequent and higher quality than friends or others. The tool matched less well with an existing support measure for autistic students.
• PTOTSLPPilot2019A short bout of high-intensity exercise alters ipsilesional motor cortical excitability post-stroke.Topics in stroke rehabilitationFive minutes of fast treadmill walking increased brain excitability in the damaged hemisphere in stroke survivors. This short priming bout may prepare the brain for therapy, but the study did not show that it improves actual movement or function.
• OTSLPSystematic Review2019The Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Interventions on the Employment and Functioning of People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review.Journal of occupational rehabilitationSupported work and education with work experience were linked to employment in the open labor market. Sheltered work did not increase employment.
• OTSLPNarrative Review2019Making healthcare decisions in a person's best interests when they lack capacity: clinical guidance based on a review of evidence.Clinical rehabilitationIn England and Wales, guidance says healthcare teams should build a long-term best-interests policy for adults lacking capacity, not treat each decision as a separate meeting.
• SLPCohort2019Development and validation of a screening tool for feeding/swallowing difficulties and undernutrition in children with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyA four-question parent questionnaire identified 48% of children with cerebral palsy at risk for feeding issues or undernutrition. It caught all severe cases. Use these questions to decide who needs a full speech pathology or dietetic assessment.
• SLPPilot2020Adapting and pre-testing the World Health Organization's Caregiver Skills Training programme for autism and other developmental disorders in a very low-resource setting: Findings from Ethiopia.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceCaregivers in Ethiopia found the adapted WHO autism training acceptable and useful, with all nine who started finishing the course. They reported improved skills and reduced stress, but the study was not designed to prove the treatment works.
• SLPOther2019Adults with autism are less proficient in identifying biological motion actions portrayed with point-light displays.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRAdults with autism identified moving-dot human actions less accurately and more slowly than neurotypical adults, but both groups improved on a second viewing and found actions with invisible objects harder.
• SLPOther2019Do minimally verbal and verbally fluent individuals with autism spectrum disorder differ in their viewing patterns of dynamic social scenes?Autism : the international journal of research and practiceMinimally verbal autistic participants attended less to the video overall, looked less at the woman's face when she shifted her gaze, and were less likely to follow her unexpected gaze than verbally fluent peers. Both groups looked more at the woman than objects.
• OTSLPCohort2019Camp-based psychosocial intervention dosage and changes in independence in young people with spina bifida.Developmental medicine and child neurologyMore camp summers were associated with parent-rated increases in spina bifida self-management independence and mastery. Camper-rated increases and social skills did not remain associated after accounting for age, IQ and severity. Without a control group, camp exposure and maturation cannot be separated.
• SLPRCT2019Efficacy and safety of memantine in children with autism spectrum disorder: Results from three phase 2 multicenter studies.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceMemantine extended-release did not prevent loss of treatment response better than placebo in children with autism who had already responded. Loss of response was similar across placebo, full dose, and reduced dose, and communication scores did not improve more than placebo.
• SLPOther2019Differences in profiles of emotional behavioral problems across instruments in verbal versus minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchOn the CBCL, parents reported more anxiety and depression symptoms in verbally fluent children with autism than in children with limited speech. On the ABC, minimally verbal children showed more lethargy, and children with less speech showed more hyperactivity. The two forms gave different profiles.
• PTOTSLPCohort2019Resilience facilitates adjustment through greater psychological flexibility among Iraq/Afghanistan war veterans with and without mild traumatic brain injury.Rehabilitation psychologyVeterans with resilient personality traits had better mental health and function over a year, largely because they had greater psychological flexibility. This protective effect held true regardless of whether the veteran had a history of mild traumatic brain injury.
• SLPQualitative2019Managing relational autonomy in interactions: People with intellectual disabilities.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDSupport partners sometimes turned choices into lessons, correcting or rejecting what the person with an intellectual disability chose. Supporting autonomy included stating limits, offering options, allowing deferral, and carrying out the person's own decisions.
• SLPQualitative2019The AASPIRE practice-based guidelines for the inclusion of autistic adults in research as co-researchers and study participants.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic partners described clear role expectations, text-based meetings, advance materials, sensory supports, and concrete questions as ways to include adults with communication, cognitive, or support needs. These are practice lessons, not tested clinical interventions.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020The Impact of One's Sex and Social Living Situation on Rehabilitation Outcomes After a Stroke.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationAfter adjusting for age and severity, women recovering from stroke discharged with greater functional independence than men on most measures. Living alone before the stroke also predicted better outcomes, suggesting this reflects higher pre-stroke capability rather than lack of support.
• SLPSystematic Review2019Interventions for Increasing Acceptance of New Foods Among Children and Adults with Developmental Disorders: A Systematic Review.Journal of autism and developmental disordersBehavioural feeding programmes were reported to help many children and adults with developmental disorders accept new foods. They used gradual exposure, rewards, or keeping the spoon near the mouth. School lunchroom changes did not help. The evidence is too weak to guide whole populations.
• SLPCohort2019Early Shared Reading Is Associated with Less Harsh Parenting.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPMore frequent shared reading was associated with less harsh parenting later. Daily reading at ages 1 and 3 was associated with lower harsh parenting scores, partly through fewer reported child disruptive behaviors.
• SLPOther2019Effects of Dementia Care Mapping on job satisfaction and caring skills of staff caring for older people with intellectual disabilities: A quasi-experimental study.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDDementia Care Mapping did not improve job satisfaction, person-centred care skills, or dementia care competence in staff caring for older people with intellectual disabilities. Baseline scores were already very high, leaving little room for measurable improvement.
• SLPQualitative2019The information needs of children having clinical procedures in hospital: Will it hurt? Will I feel scared? What can I do to stay calm?Child: care, health and developmentChildren aged 8 to 12 identified three kinds of information they wanted before hospital procedures: what will happen, how it may feel or hurt, and what they can do to stay calm. Detailed, child-led information was valued more than broad or generic information.
• SLPQualitative2019Linguistic and Cultural Acceptability of a Spanish Translation of the Ohio State University Traumatic Brain Injury Identification Method Among Community-Dwelling Spanish-Dominant Older Adults.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationSpanish-speaking older adults understood the translated brain injury questions, but many said a head injury was a “golpe” not a “lesión” and would not report it. Most rejected the tablet self-administered format, preferring a person-to-person interview.
• SLPOther2019Effectiveness of Parent Education in Pivotal Response Treatment on Pivotal and Collateral Responses.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn individual education, parents created more opportunities for 11 of 13 parents, and children made more functional requests for 10 of 13 children. Group education was associated with lower parent stress and higher confidence, but child effects were smaller.
• SLPOther2019Atypical Pattern of Frontal EEG Asymmetry for Direct Gaze in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersWhen faces moved toward them, typical children showed a brain pattern linked with approach for direct gaze. Young children with severe autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability showed the opposite pattern for downcast gaze. This is a lab finding, not a therapy result.
• SLPCohort2019Social Avoidance Emerges in Infancy and Persists into Adulthood in Fragile X Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn males with fragile X syndrome, social avoidance appeared within the first year, rose through infancy and preschool, and often persisted even with a familiar examiner. Eye contact was often avoidant, and 81% of the group showed avoidance.
• SLPCohort2019Leukoaraiosis Is Associated With a Decline in Language Abilities in Chronic Aphasia.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairMore severe white matter changes on MRI were associated with worsening language scores over time in chronic post-stroke aphasia. Higher Fazekas scores predicted decline on the Western Aphasia Battery.
• SLPSurvey2019Use of GFCF Diets in Children with ASD. An Investigation into Parents' Beliefs Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents' belief that a gluten-free, casein-free diet helps autism symptoms predicted their intention to use it. Fear of regretting not trying it was the only factor predicting high intention. Parents who had already stopped using the diet still scored low on intention.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2019Early Life Exposure to Antibiotics and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review.Journal of autism and developmental disordersEvidence linking early-life antibiotics to autism is inconclusive. Large cohort studies show conflicting results, and case-control studies suffer from recall bias. Current data does not support changing antibiotic prescribing practices for autism prevention.
• SLPOther2019Identifying Atypical Development: A Role of Day-Care Workers?Journal of autism and developmental disordersDay-care workers with advanced special-needs training and experience with very young children or developmental disorders noticed more expert-listed early features in video clips. Longer childcare work alone did not improve recognition. This was not a real-world diagnostic test.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2020Screening and treatment of trauma-related symptoms in youth with autism spectrum disorder among community providers in the United States.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceMost U.S. providers for youth with autism asked about trauma, but few screened or treated all patients. Allied health providers, including PTs, OTs and SLPs, screened less often than mental health providers.
• PTOTSLPOther2020Generic preference-based health-related quality of life in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: a scoping review.Developmental medicine and child neurologyGeneric quality-of-life tools often miss key issues for children with neurodevelopmental disorders, like peer relations or school behaviour. Parents and children also report different scores. These tools should not be used alone to judge treatment success or resource allocation.
• SLPOther2020Self-reported social impairments predict depressive disorder in adults with autism spectrum disorder.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAdults with autism who also had depression reported more social impairments than adults with autism without depression, even when clinicians rated their autism symptoms as less severe. The study was small and cross-sectional, so this is an association, not proof of cause.
• SLPOther2019Psychometric analysis of the repetitive behavior scale-revised using confirmatory factor analysis in children with autism.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchThe parent-report repetitive behavior scale seems to describe children's repetitive behaviors as five separate patterns, not one overall score. Its scores were consistent, but links to observed repetitive behavior and thinking were small.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2019Challenging behaviours: Views and preferences of people with intellectual disabilities.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDPeople with intellectual disabilities link challenging behaviour to unclear expectations and high demands from staff. They prefer calm, consistent support and want to help decide on interventions. Many seek to reduce medication. These are patient preferences, not proven treatment outcomes.
• OTSLPCohort2019Concurrent Social Communication Predictors of Expressive Language in Minimally Verbal Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersImitation ability was the strongest predictor of expressive language in minimally verbal autistic children and adolescents. Unlike in younger children, joint attention was not related to language. Diversity of play and non-verbal IQ were correlated with language but did not independently predict it.
• SLPOther2019Rates of Co-occurring Psychiatric Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorder Using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMost children and adolescents with autism had current psychiatric diagnoses, but these often did not match community diagnoses. Young adults showed lower self-reported rates.
• SLPPilot2019Developmental screening and early intervention in a childcare setting for young children at risk for autism and other developmental delays: A feasibility trial.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchChildcare screening and brief JASPER delivered by childcare providers were feasible in low-income sites, but only 20 of 42 eligible children enrolled. Exploratory child outcomes showed increases; this pilot cannot show the intervention caused them.
• SLPOther2019Is There a Link Between Autistic People Being Perceived Unfavorably and Having a Mind That Is Difficult to Read?Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutistic people are rated less favorably by others partly because they are harder to read. This link held even when viewers knew the social situation. Being difficult to interpret may drive negative first impressions more than the diagnosis itself.
• SLPCase-Control2019Auditory Attentional Disengagement in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism showed no significant delay in shifting eye movements to sounds compared to typically developing peers. However, they failed to look toward the sound more often when the background noise continued, suggesting difficulty disengaging from unpredictable auditory targets.
• PTOTSLPCohort2019Use of Ages and Stages Questionnaires™ (ASQ) in a Navajo population: Comparison with the U.S. normative dataset.Child: care, health and developmentIn Navajo infants, ASQ-3 scores were lower than U.S. norms in several domains, especially around 10 months. Estimates suggested the screener identified more than 80% of delayed infants and correctly classified more than 85% of infants not at risk across 1 to 13 months.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2019Does Gait Retraining Have the Potential to Reduce Medial Compartmental Loading in Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis While Not Adversely Affecting the Other Lower Limb Joints? A Systematic Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationGait retraining reduced knee loading in some studies, but evidence for safety at the hip and ankle is missing or conflicting. Most data came from healthy people, not patients with knee osteoarthritis, so these findings cannot yet guide clinical practice.
• SLPOther2020Varied treatment response in young children with autism: A relative comparison of structured and naturalistic behavioral approaches.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn four toddlers at risk for autism, neither DTT nor PRT was best for all children. Some learned more rapidly with PRT, others with DTT, and differences varied by language, play, and imitation.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2019What the Proportional Recovery Rule Is (and Is Not): Methodological and Statistical Considerations.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairA rule that people recover a fixed share of upper-limb function after stroke may describe group averages, but reviewed studies do not prove it predicts any one patient.