SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Research for speech-language pathology

Papers a speech-language pathologist can act on — aphasia, dysphagia, developmental language, fluency, voice and augmentative communication — read in full and summarised plainly.

10,216 PAPERS · PAGE 26 OF 205 · NEWEST FIRST

• SLPSystematic Review2018Combined Amplification and Sound Generation for Tinnitus: A Scoping Review.Ear and hearingCombination hearing aids are widely used for tinnitus, but evidence that the sound generation helps more than amplification alone is weak. Most studies showed no difference between the two, and many relied on uncontrolled designs. Clinical practice varies significantly regarding who gets fitted and how the devices are used.
• OTSLPCohort2018The Association Between Child and Family Characteristics and the Mental Health and Wellbeing of Caregivers of Children with Autism in Mid-Childhood.Journal of autism and developmental disorders48% of caregivers of children with autism aged 8 to 12 met criteria for mental health difficulties, and wellbeing was lower than expected. Child behaviour problems, poor daily living skills and intellectual disability were linked to distress; core autism symptoms were not.
• SLPOther2018Effect of Body Position on Pharyngeal Swallowing Pressures Using High-Resolution Manometry.DysphagiaSwallowing water while lying flat or inverted raised velopharyngeal pressures compared with upright. 45° pressure was lower than 110°, 135°, and 180°. UES pressure events mostly stayed similar. Expect position-related pressure changes in non-upright swallowing assessments.
• SLPOther2018Cortical Correlates of Binaural Temporal Processing Deficits in Older Adults.Ear and hearingOlder adults with normal hearing or mild-to-moderate hearing loss gained less benefit from out-of-phase cues at 500 Hz than younger adults, while 4000-Hz benefit did not differ by group. The pattern suggests reduced temporal fine-structure processing with age.
• SLPOther2018Do Parents and Clinicians Agree on Ratings of Autism-Related Behaviors at 12 Months of Age? A Study of Infants at High and Low Risk for ASD.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParent and clinician views of 12-month-old infants' social communication were only moderately aligned. How the question was worded changed what parents reported, especially about responding to name.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Long-term behavioural outcomes after paediatric convulsive status epilepticus: a population-based cohort study.Developmental medicine and child neurologyChildren who had convulsive status epilepticus, even without epilepsy, showed more behavioural problems than peers. Screening should not stop at seizure control, as many issues go undetected. Those with lower IQ or prior seizures were at highest risk.
• SLPCase-Control2018Episodic memory retrieval in adolescents with and without developmental language disorder (DLD).International journal of language & communication disordersTwenty-three adolescents with developmental language disorder recognised individual pictures less well than 23 peers, especially after focusing on the picture alone. Pairing items together seemed to help, but that difference was not clear.
• SLPOther2018Alterations to Swallowing Physiology as the Result of Effortful Swallowing in Healthy Seniors.DysphagiaIn 44 healthy seniors, effortful swallowing did not improve pharyngeal constriction and was associated with worse pharyngeal shortening and more residue in the pyriform sinuses, while all timing measures were prolonged. Vallecular residue and penetration-aspiration scores did not change.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018The Association of Clinic-Based Mobility Tasks and Measures of Community Performance and Risk.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationNormal walking speed was the strongest predictor of community function and fall risk for most outcomes. Stair climbing time specifically identified those with balance confidence issues and past falls. Complex dual-task tests best captured engagement in cognitive leisure activities.
• SLPCohort2018More or less likely to offend? Young adults with a history of identified developmental language disorders.International journal of language & communication disordersYoung adults with a history of identified DLD who had attended language units reported less police contact, less heavy drinking and less drug use than matched peers. They had higher aggression scores, but not more rule-breaking.
• SLPOther2018Preliminary Evaluation of a Brief Autism Screener for Young Children.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPA brief caregiver questionnaire flagged toddlers who later received autism diagnoses, and most flagged children did have autism. It was tested only in low-risk toddlers, so it is not yet ready to replace routine developmental surveillance.
• SLPOther2018Evaluating the Performance of a Visually Guided Hearing Aid Using a Dynamic Auditory-Visual Word Congruence Task.Ear and hearingHybrid eye-gaze beamforming improved word matching over binaural cues for normal-hearing center targets and hearing-impaired side targets. After a sudden talker switch, the first word was worse, but performance recovered by the second word.
• PTOTSLPOther2018Prosthetic energy return during walking increases after 3 weeks of adaptation to a new device.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAfter 3 weeks, users of a new passive prosthetic foot walked faster and the prosthesis returned more energy, but the sound limb also worked harder. Speed increases may explain these changes, and individual responses varied widely, so do not assume uniform adaptation.
• OTSLPCohort2018Autistic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren and adolescents with gender dysphoria show more autistic traits than peers but fewer than those diagnosed with autism. Traits were elevated across all domains, not just rigidity. Screening for autism is warranted, but questionnaire scores do not equal a diagnosis.
• SLPOther2018Psychosocial Outcomes in Long-Term Cochlear Implant Users.Ear and hearingLong-term cochlear implant users had more parent-reported attention, hyperactivity, and social and adaptive skill concerns than normal-hearing peers, but many had none. Better language and working-memory skills were linked to fewer concerns.
• SLPOther2018The Middle Ear Muscle Reflex in Rat: Developing a Biomarker of Auditory Nerve Degeneration.Ear and hearingIn rats, a special probe measured the middle ear muscle reflex, and its amplitude, threshold, timing, and decay changed with sound frequency and level. This is early animal work on a possible auditory nerve biomarker, not a human test.
• SLPCohort2018Education and employment outcomes of young adults with a history of developmental language disorder.International journal of language & communication disordersAt age 24, people with a history of developmental language disorder had fewer higher qualifications and less full-time professional work than peers, but pay did not differ for similar jobs or qualifications.
• SLPMeta-Analysis2018A meta-analysis of the association between vocalizations and expressive language in children with autism spectrum disorder.Research in developmental disabilitiesVocalizations strongly correlate with expressive language in children with autism. Concurrent measures showed a stronger link than longitudinal ones. This supports assessing prelinguistic vocalizations to predict language outcomes.
• OTSLPOther2018In Search of Culturally Appropriate Autism Interventions: Perspectives of Latino Caregivers.Journal of autism and developmental disordersLatino Spanish-speaking caregivers wanted therapists to teach them directly, use Spanish, and offer practical strategies like prompting and modeling. Surveys showed few group differences, but focus groups revealed stigma, mixed messages and unmet home-support needs.
• SLPCohort2018Costs and effectiveness of hearing conservation programs at 14 US metal manufacturing facilities.International journal of audiologyTotal hearing conservation spending did not predict hearing loss rates. However, sites that paid for fit-testing had lower rates of standard threshold shifts. Spending on certification and hearing protection devices was associated with higher reported hearing loss, likely because these costs rise when problems are detected.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Acute Phase Predictors of 6-Month Functional Outcome in Italian Stroke Patients Eligible for In-Hospital Rehabilitation.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationGetting stroke patients sitting out of bed within 48 hours predicted better independence at six months. However, early formal rehab starting within 72 hours was linked to worse outcomes, suggesting mobilization timing matters more than immediate intensive therapy.
• OTSLPNarrative Review2018Focus on the Social Aspect of Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn US children, autism is reported in 14.6 per 1000; most are identified after age 4, and families face high care costs and lost income. Social communication differences are the defining clinical feature.
• OTSLPRCT2018Computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation in persons with multiple sclerosis: Results of a multi-site randomized controlled trial with six month follow-up.Disability and health journalMixed results: both groups improved over 6 months, and the group and computer program had some advantages on selected cognitive and self-report tests, but the paper reports separate outcomes rather than one overall primary-outcome result.
• PTOTSLPCase Report2017Early development of infants with neurofibromatosis type 1: a case series.Molecular autismAt 10 months, ten infants with NF1 showed motor and communication delays; social engagement and temperament appeared typical. This small series cannot guide treatment.
• SLPOther2018Implicit causality bias in adults with traumatic brain injury.Journal of communication disordersAdults with traumatic brain injury were less likely to decide which person caused an action from the verb in a sentence, and made more errors. This may make statements such as “the boss criticized the employee” harder to interpret.
• SLPOther2018The cost of not addressing the communication barriers faced by hospitalized patients.Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groupsThe paper estimates that addressing communication barriers in hospitals could prevent hundreds of thousands of adverse events and save billions annually. These are modeled projections based on national data, not results from a clinical trial.
• SLPOther2018Young children's family history of stuttering and their articulation, language and attentional abilities: An exploratory study.Journal of communication disordersYoung children who stuttered and those who did not did not differ significantly in family history of stuttering. Among children who did not stutter, a positive family history of stuttering was associated with family history of ADHD and lower language scores within normal range.
• OTSLPSystematic Review2018How do Parents Manage Irritability, Challenging Behaviour, Non-Compliance and Anxiety in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders? A Meta-Synthesis.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of children with autism often manage challenging behaviour by changing the environment and routine rather than the child. Strategies included avoiding triggers, giving in to demands to prevent meltdowns, and constant supervision. This reflects high family burden, not proven efficacy.
• SLPOther2018Theoretical Evaluation and Experimental Validation of Localized Therapeutic Hypothermia Application to Preserve Residual Hearing After Cochlear Implantation.Ear and hearingA cooling probe lowered cochlear temperatures toward mild hypothermia in human cadaveric temporal bones and a computer model, mainly at the round window, without cooling the mastoid surface. The paper reports temperature changes, not hearing preservation results.
• SLPOther2018Effects of Varying Reverberation on Music Perception for Young Normal-Hearing and Old Hearing-Impaired Listeners.Trends in hearingOlder adults with hearing loss did not prefer a particular reverberation time in classical music and were less sensitive to reverberation differences than young normal-hearing listeners. Room acoustics may be less noticeable to them.
• OTSLPOther2018What About the Girls? Sex-Based Differences in Autistic Traits and Adaptive Skills.Journal of autism and developmental disordersBoys and girls with autism and no intellectual disability scored similarly on observed diagnostic tests, but parents rated girls as having stronger autistic traits and lower daily living skills.
• SLPOther2018Looking Behavior and Audiovisual Speech Understanding in Children With Normal Hearing and Children With Mild Bilateral or Unilateral Hearing Loss.Ear and hearingChildren with mild bilateral or unilateral hearing loss followed spoken instructions less accurately than normal-hearing peers in noisy multi-talker videos, but looking at talkers did not explain performance and hearing loss did not make children look more at relevant talkers.
• SLPCase-Control2018Abilities to Explicitly and Implicitly Infer Intentions from Actions in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdults with autism and IQ scores above 100 showed no clear group difference when choosing partners without being asked to infer intentions, but were worse at explicitly naming whether hand actions were deliberate or accidental. Eye gaze was typical.
• SLPCohort2017Cytokine levels and associations with symptom severity in male and female children with autism spectrum disorder.Molecular autismLower blood levels of several cytokines were linked to more severe autism symptoms in girls, and a growth factor was linked to severity in boys. Sleep and gut symptoms did not show the same pattern.
• OTSLPRCT2018A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of the ACCESS Program: A Group Intervention to Improve Social, Adaptive Functioning, Stress Coping, and Self-Determination Outcomes in Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCaregivers reported adaptive scores changed 4.1 points more after ACCESS than waitlist, but participants did not report less anxiety or better overall coping. Attendance was high.
• SLPOther2018Examining the Links Between Challenging Behaviors in Youth with ASD and Parental Stress, Mental Health, and Involvement: Applying an Adaptation of the Family Stress Model to Families of Youth with ASD.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdolescents' challenging behaviors tracked with higher parenting stress, and stress related to more depressive symptoms and lower parent involvement. Anxiety showed a weaker link. Parents' anxiety and depression did not improve overall after a parent-assisted social skills program.
• SLPOther2018Effects of Amplification on Neural Phase Locking, Amplitude, and Latency to a Speech Syllable.Ear and hearingHearing aids improved some brain responses to a speech sound at 65 dB SPL and shortened timing at 80 dB SPL in quiet, but not in noise. This suggests better audibility may help, not that hearing aid benefit is proven.
• SLPOther2018Changes in movement transitions across a practice period in childhood apraxia of speech.Clinical linguistics & phoneticsPractice improved overall word accuracy in children with apraxia but did not generalize to unpracticed words. Kinematic data showed children refined jaw movement variability in practiced real words, suggesting motor learning occurs at a level too subtle for standard transcription to detect.
• SLPCohort2018Parental Broad Autism Phenotype and the Language Skills of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMothers who were less socially interested or more inflexible had children who showed less engagement with objects or people and lower language skills. The finding came from 16 families of children with autism and does not prove parent traits caused language problems.
• OTSLPNarrative Review2018Loss of skills and onset patterns in neurodevelopmental disorders: Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchSome children with autism lose previously gained language and social communication skills, at an average age of 1.78 years. Parent reports alone may miss these losses, and regressive onset does not consistently predict greater impairment.
• OTSLPQualitative2018An international qualitative study of functioning in autism spectrum disorder using the World Health Organization international classification of functioning, disability and health framework.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchPeople with ASD, families and professionals described functioning across communication, daily routines, work, school, sensory issues and environment. These categories may guide OT and SLP assessment of whole life participation, not just diagnosis.
• SLPOther2018Spectral Coefficient Analyses of Word-Initial Stop Consonant Productions Suggest Similar Anticipatory Coarticulation for Stuttering and Nonstuttering Adults.Language and speechFluent /t/ productions by adults who stutter and adults who do not showed the same vowel-related anticipatory coarticulation. The upcoming vowel changed the consonant’s burst similarly in both groups, but stuttering status did not distinguish them.
• SLPOther2018Verbal Learning and Memory After Cochlear Implantation in Postlingually Deaf Adults: Some New Findings with the CVLT-II.Ear and hearingPostlingually deaf cochlear implant adults matched normal-hearing peers on most visual word-list learning, but recalled fewer words from the new interference list and showed weaker recent-item memory. These cognitive measures related to speech recognition, but the links were exploratory.
• OTSLPSurvey2018Parents' Use of Complementary Health Approaches for Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders44.9% of surveyed children with autism used complementary health approaches. Parents were more likely to use them for younger children, when they believed autism had major life consequences, in Denver or Portland, and when medication was also used.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Acoustic reflexes are common but not pervasive: evidence using a diagnostic middle ear analyser.International journal of audiologyAcoustic reflexes are common but not pervasive in young adults with excellent hearing. No subgroup reached the threshold for 95% prevalence, even when using a stable friction-fit probe. Damage-risk criteria should not assume everyone will exhibit this reflex.
• SLPSurvey2018Creation and Initial Validation of the International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative Functional Diet Scale.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationClinicians in 29 countries mostly agreed with the reference panel on IDDSI Functional Diet Scale scores for 16 case scenarios. The scale also lined up with the Functional Oral Intake Scale.
• SLPOther2018The Role of Place Cues in Voluntary Stream Segregation for Cochlear Implant Users.Trends in hearingCochlear implant users separated interleaved sounds better when the sounds came from electrodes farther apart and when the sequence was longer. Shorter sequences did not benefit from place cues. This suggests separating sounds on purpose needs time and place information.
• SLPCohort2018Temporal Analysis of Factors Associated with EAT-10 in Outpatients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia from a Tertiary Care Clinic.DysphagiaSwallowing symptoms did not change over six months in 42 outpatients, most with mild dysphagia. A PEG tube at baseline was linked to EAT-10 change, and many patients scored zero on items.
• SLPPilot2018The feasibility of improving discourse in people with aphasia through AAC: Clinical and functional MRI correlates.AphasiologyThe main behavioral tests did not show clear group differences. Five of six people using AAC improved enough to be counted as responders, versus two of six in usual care. Story retell changes favored AAC.
• OTSLPCohort2018Mid-life social outcomes for a population-based sample of adults with ASD.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchMost adults identified with autism in childhood and followed into mid-life had low cognitive ability and limited independence. 77% were at IQ 70 or below, 20% were unemployed, and 62% relied on others for transport.