SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Research for speech-language pathology

Papers a speech-language pathologist can act on — aphasia, dysphagia, developmental language, fluency, voice and augmentative communication — read in full and summarised plainly.

10,216 PAPERS · PAGE 78 OF 205 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPSurvey2021Real-World Experiences in Autistic Adult Diagnostic Services and Post-diagnostic Support and Alignment with Services Guidelines: Results from the ASDEU Study.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMost autistic adults experienced recommended diagnostic assessments, but very few received post-diagnostic support. Information on how to get a diagnosis was hard to find or understand for many. A large gap exists between what professionals believe they provide and what patients actually receive.
• SLPPilot2021Investigating Gaze Behaviour of Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders in a Classroom Setting.Journal of autism and developmental disordersTen children with autism in this pilot looked at faces less often during direct talk than two-adult talk. After brief reward-based face-looking training, children who completed it looked longer at faces at re-test; controls did not show this change.
• SLPOther2021Content Validity Evidence for the Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program.Journal of autism and developmental disordersExperts found the VB-MAPP items relevant but often poorly matched to the child's age. Do not rely on it alone for placement decisions. Supplement with other assessments, especially for play, social skills, and echoic abilities.
• SLPOther2021Dimensions of Autistic Traits Rated by Parents of Children and Adolescents with Suspected Autism Spectrum Disorders.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn 312 children with suspected autism, a parent questionnaire’s total score and restricted/repetitive behaviour section appeared to reflect autistic traits. The social communication section did not measure a separate kind of problem; it mostly reflected overall autism traits.
• SLPPilot2021Development and Acceptability of a New Program for Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Online Parent Training in Early Behavioral Intervention.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents rated a new online autism training program as clear and helpful, but 37% dropped out. Dropouts were often lower-income or had older children. The program worked for those who stayed, but time and practical barriers stopped many from finishing.
• SLPOther2021The Impact of Stigma, Autism Label and Wording on the Perceived Desirability of the Online Dating Profiles of Men on the Autism Spectrum.Journal of autism and developmental disordersFor men on the autism spectrum, an explicit autism label and positive wording in online dating profiles were associated with higher ratings for social and task attractiveness. However, this label did not increase the desire to date, and the effect varied by the rater's level of stigmatising views.
• SLPRCT2021Brief Report: Mindfulness Training for Chinese Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Parents in Hong Kong.Journal of autism and developmental disordersNine mindfulness sessions for Chinese adolescents with ASD and parents were feasible; helpfulness to parents scored 5.91 out of 10, helpfulness to adolescents 4.73, below the paper's 5-point threshold, and the program did not show a clear advantage over waitlist.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Sex Differences in Co-occurring Conditions Among Autistic Children and Youth in Florida: A Retrospective Cohort Study (2012-2019).Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn 83,500 autistic children, girls had significantly higher odds of anxiety, mood disorders, intellectual disability, epilepsy, sleep, and GI issues than boys. Boys had higher odds of ADHD. This suggests clinicians should screen girls more aggressively for these co-occurring conditions.
• SLPSurvey2021Sibling Adjustment and Sibling Relationships Associated with Clusters of Needs in Children with Autism: A Novel Methodological Approach.Journal of autism and developmental disordersSiblings of autistic children did not adjust worse simply because the child needed more support. Siblings of children with moderate autism symptoms but high behavior problems were rated as having more emotional, behavioral, and relationship difficulties than siblings of children with fewer symptoms.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Patient Outcomes and Lessons Learned From Treating Patients With Severe COVID-19 at a Long-term Acute Care Hospital: Single-Center Retrospective Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesPatients with severe COVID-19 admitted to a long-term acute care hospital improved in walking distance, independence, swallowing, voicing, and cognition during stay. They showed larger gains in walking and independence than a historical group. This was observational, not a tested intervention.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2022Effect of COVID-19 stress on physical function performance and socioenvironmental factors of people with disabilities in Korea.International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptationHigher stress during the pandemic was linked to more depression, greater dependence on others for daily tasks, and lower social participation. Better social attitudes, family support, and accessible services were associated with improved independence and participation, regardless of stress levels.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022Addressing the Shadow Pandemic: COVID-19 Related Impacts, Barriers, Needs, and Priorities to Health Care and Support for Women Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence and Brain Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationStakeholders reported increased IPV severity and access barriers during COVID-19. They identified urgent needs for cross-sector provider education on IPV-TBI signs, formalized peer support, and navigators to help survivors with brain injuries access care.
• SLPOther2022Adapting and validating the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Version 2 for use with deaf children and young people.Journal of autism and developmental disordersThe ADOS-2 adapted for deaf children correctly identified 73% of children with autism and correctly ruled out 71% without autism when checked against clinical assessment, below the 85% target for finding autism.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Which Factors Influence Teacher Report of Adaptive Functioning in Autistic Children?Journal of autism and developmental disordersTeachers reported very low adaptive functioning in autistic children. Scores dropped as age and parent-reported autism severity increased. Higher nonverbal ability and expressive language predicted better scores. Direct autism assessment did not predict adaptive functioning, except for motor skills.
• SLPNarrative Review2022Characterizing Available Tools for Synchronous Virtual Assessment of Toddlers with Suspected Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Brief Report.Journal of autism and developmental disordersFive telehealth observational tools are available to assess toddlers with suspected autism during a synchronous video visit, but none has published data on how well it measures symptoms, and all are only one part of a full diagnosis.
• SLPCase-Control2022Social-Pragmatic Inferencing, Visual Social Attention and Physiological Reactivity to Complex Social Scenes in Autistic Young Adults.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn 14 autistic and 14 controls, autistic young adults scored lower on inferring social meanings in complex videos. They looked less at moments when submissive characters were interrupted. Their heart-rate variability did not show the typical decrease seen in controls.
• OTSLPOther2022Brief Report: Role of Parent-Reported Executive Functioning and Anxiety in Insistence on Sameness in Individuals with Germline PTEN Mutations.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParent-reported executive function difficulties, particularly with shifting attention, and anxiety are strongly linked to insistence on sameness in individuals with PTEN mutations, ASD, and macrocephaly. Set-shifting was the unique independent predictor, suggesting it as a key target for intervention.
• SLPOther2021Rethinking Measurement Standards of Autism Symptomology in Adolescents with Fragile X Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdolescents with Fragile X Syndrome receive autism diagnoses at very different rates depending on the test used. The ADOS-2 identified autism in 71% of participants, while the CARS2-ST identified it in only 38%. Discrepancies occurred because the ADOS-2 often flagged social communication deficits without requiring evidence of restricted or repetitive behaviors.
• SLPCohort2021What Happens After a Positive Primary Care Autism Screen Among Historically Underserved Families? Predictors of Evaluation and Autism Diagnosis.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPFamilies already in Early Intervention were five times more likely to get a diagnostic evaluation. However, Hispanic families and those with public insurance were significantly less likely to follow through. The screening tool also produced fewer true diagnoses for minority families and females.
• SLPCase-Control2022Metaphor Comprehension in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Core Language Skills Matter.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMetaphor difficulty in autism is not a hallmark trait but depends on core language skills. Expressive vocabulary and abstract semantic reasoning explained the performance gap. Receptive grammar did not. Assess and support underlying vocabulary and semantic reasoning before targeting figurative language directly.
• OTSLPSurvey2022Health Services Use and Costs in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Germany: Results from a Survey in ASD Outpatient Clinics.Journal of autism and developmental disordersGerman ASD outpatient clinic patients averaged 3287 EUR in yearly health service costs. Occupational therapy was the most used non-doctor service. Higher costs were seen with female sex, lower IQ, and Asperger syndrome.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2022Perceptions About the Efficacy and Acceptability of Telephone and Video-Delivered Allied Health Care for Adults With Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional National Survey.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationAdults with disability and their carers rated telephone and video allied health care similarly. 74% felt safe, 61% to 67% were happy with privacy, and 56% to 64% believed care was effective. Only 32% to 36% were likely to choose telehealth later.
• SLPOther2022Language and Aggressive Behaviors in Male and Female Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn verbally fluent youth with autism, lower adaptive communication skills and younger age were associated with more parent-reported aggression in males, but not females. Family income and paternal education also contributed in the combined group.
• SLPOther2022Autistic Adults are Not Impaired at Maintaining or Switching Between Counterfactual and Factual Worlds: An ERP Study.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutistic adults were not impaired at understanding counterfactuals. Their brain responses to language anomalies matched those of non-autistic adults, even when switching between hypothetical and real-world scenarios.
• OTSLPCohort2022Trajectories of Symptom Severity in Children with Autism: Variability and Turning Points through the Transition to School.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAmong 187 children with autism followed from diagnosis to age 10, 51 improved continuously and 136 improved then plateaued around age 6. Higher scores on language, cognitive, and adaptive behavior measures were seen in the continuously improving group.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022Review of Cognitive Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Performance on Six Subtests on Four Versions of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism consistently score high on Block Design and low on Coding, regardless of IQ or diagnosis. However, the classic profile of very low verbal scores disappears in higher-IQ children, who instead show strong language skills alongside these specific visual-motor weaknesses.
• SLPOther2022Autistic Adults May Be Erroneously Perceived as Deceptive and Lacking Credibility.Journal of autism and developmental disordersViewers judged autistic adults who were telling the truth as more deceptive and lower in competence and character. The measured behaviors did not differ between groups in this study, and telling viewers the person may have autism reduced deception and character differences.
• OTSLPPilot2022Identifying Predictors of Momentary Negative Affect and Depression Severity in Adolescents with Autism: An Exploratory Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn 17 autistic boys, poor social interaction quality predicted higher momentary negative affect. Early puberty showed more people boosted positive mood, while late puberty showed only interaction quality mattered. Emotional instability predicted parent-reported depression, but affect autocorrelation did not.
• SLPCohort2022Swallowing Function in COVID-19 Patients After Invasive Mechanical Ventilation.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAt bedside after ventilation, 20 of 28 patients had swallowing dysfunction, but 9 reached unrestricted oral intake by discharge; at follow-up, 2 patients reported some dysphagia.
• SLPPilot2021Using telehealth-delivered procedures to collect a parent-implemented expressive language sampling narrative task in monolingual and bilingual families with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A pilot study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesMost parents of children and adolescents with autism, including Spanish-speaking families, learned to run a home video language task after telehealth training, and most children completed it. This is a first step, not proof the task replaces clinic testing.
• SLPRCT2021Adolescent Weight Management Intervention in a Nonclinical Setting: Changes in Eating-Related Cognitions and Depressive Symptoms.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPAdolescents in a community weight program showed no worsening of eating cognitions or depression. Girls reported reduced shape and weight concerns. Restrained eating increased. No group differences emerged between standard and enhanced curricula.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021The prevalence, characteristics, and psychiatric correlates of traumatic brain injury in incarcerated individuals: an examination in two independent samples.Brain injuryTraumatic brain injury affects half of incarcerated men and women, often from assault or car accidents. In women, a history of mild TBI linked to higher PTSD symptoms and depression diagnoses. Men showed no significant rise in mental illness symptoms from mild TBI, though alcohol use disorder rates were higher in both sexes.
• SLPOther2022Evaluating working memory outcome measures for children with Down syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRFor children with Down syndrome, working memory tests are more useful when scored as raw ability scores. Age-based scores often hit the lowest possible level, and verbal recall tasks were too hard for many children to complete.
• SLPCase-Control2022Social Inferences in Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum and Autism: Semantic Analysis and Topic Modeling.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdults with AgCC or autism described animated triangles as conventionally as controls on standard tests. But computer analysis showed their descriptions lacked the imaginative detail controls added. This suggests a specific deficit in social elaboration that standard scoring misses.
• OTSLPOther2022Brief Report: Autism-Specific College Support Programs: Differences Across Geography and Institutional Type.Journal of autism and developmental disordersOnly 2.2% of US colleges host autism-specific support programs. These programs are rare at 2-year colleges, where 81% of autistic students start, and completely absent from all institutions in New England. Most programs are at public 4-year universities.
• SLPRCT2022A pilot economic evaluation of a feasibility trial for SUpporting wellbeing through PEeR-Befriending (SUPERB) for post-stroke aphasia.Clinical rehabilitationPeer-befriending for post-stroke aphasia was feasible and inexpensive, costing £57.24 per visit. It did not significantly change total health and social care costs compared to usual care. While one measure suggested potential cost-effectiveness, the study was too small to confirm if the intervention is worth funding.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2022Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on therapy service delivery and functioning for school-aged children with disabilities in the United States.Disability and health journalCaregivers of children with disabilities reported losing therapy services during the pandemic, with 42% losing all therapy. Over half saw declines in endurance, communication, social skills, and behavior. Children with multiple diagnoses experienced greater declines across most domains.
• SLPCase-Control2022Brief Report: Linguistic Mazes and Perseverations in School-Age Boys with Fragile X Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder and Relationships with Maternal Maze Use.Journal of autism and developmental disordersBoys with Fragile X plus autism and boys with idiopathic autism produced similar rates of speech mazes, but those with Fragile X showed more topic and utterance perseverations. Maternal speech patterns correlated differently with each group's language features.
• OTSLPCohort2022Evaluating the Feasibility of The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery for Autistic Children and Adolescents.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMost autistic children completed the NIH Toolbox cognitive tests, but those with IQs below 70 struggled with the later tasks. The tests identified specific cognitive weaknesses in inhibition and processing speed, but did not show expected differences in flexibility or memory.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Multidimensional Computerized Adaptive Testing: A Potential Path Toward the Efficient and Precise Assessment of Applied Cognition, Daily Activity, and Mobility for Hospitalized Patients.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationThe FAMCAT assessment takes about 6 minutes and 24 items to score cognition, daily activity, and mobility in hospitalized patients. It is much faster than fixed tests, but scores are less precise for patients with normal function.
• OTSLPQualitative2022A Taxonomy of Reported Harms in Pediatric Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening: Provider and Parent Perspectives.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents and providers reported seven domains of harm from autism screening, including psychological distress, social strain, and financial costs. Providers noted that borderline scores caused anxiety and doubt about clinical abilities. Parents reported feeling torn between advancing screening and maintaining family harmony.
• OTSLPCohort2022Effects of X Chromosome Monosomy and Genomic Imprinting on Observational Markers of Social Anxiety in Prepubertal Girls with Turner Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disordersGirls with Turner syndrome showed significantly more gaze avoidance than controls, but no other behavioral or verbal differences emerged. Parents reported broader social deficits, yet these ratings did not correlate with the observed behaviors.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Electronic health record and patterns of care for children with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyMost care for children with cerebral palsy happens without the child physically present. For every in-person visit, there were five care coordination interactions like calls or emails. Therapy and emergency visits were mostly in-person, while neurology and rehab relied heavily on remote coordination.
• SLPSurvey2022Understanding Camouflaging as a Response to Autism-Related Stigma: A Social Identity Theory Approach.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutistic adults who felt more stigma camouflaged autistic traits more. Camouflaging did not explain the link between stigma and lower wellbeing. Both identifying with autism and distancing from it were associated with camouflaging.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022Facilitators and barriers to performing dietary behaviors among chronic community-dwelling stroke survivors: A qualitative secondary analysis.Disability and health journalChronic stroke survivors described how hemiparesis, fatigue, and taste changes make grocery shopping and cooking difficult. They relied on care-partners and adaptive equipment, but this dependence caused frustration. Fear and dissatisfaction led some to stop cooking or dining with others, reducing participation in meaningful daily activities.
• PTOTSLPCase-Control2022Traumatic Brain Injury and Early Onset Dementia in Post 9-11 Veterans.Brain injuryPost-9/11 Veterans with a history of traumatic brain injury had three times the odds of early-onset dementia compared to matched controls. The risk was nearly six times higher for frontotemporal dementia than for Alzheimer's, suggesting TBI may specifically drive FTD pathology.
• SLPCohort2022Maternal Pragmatic Language Difficulties in the FMR1 Premutation and the Broad Autism Phenotype: Associations with Individual and Family Outcomes.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMothers with mild social communication difficulties reported higher loneliness regardless of whether their child had Fragile X or autism. In the Fragile X group only, these difficulties also linked to depression, lower life satisfaction, and poorer family relationships.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Advanced brain age in deployment-related traumatic brain injury: A LIMBIC-CENC neuroimaging study.Brain injuryIn male veterans, a history of deployment-related mild traumatic brain injury was associated with a brain appearing 0.95 years older than expected. No such link was found in females or in longitudinal data. Higher PTSD, depression, and alcohol misuse scores were also associated with older brain age.
• SLPCase-Control2022Comparing Frequency of Listener Responses Between Adolescents with and Without ASD During Conversation.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdolescents with autism gave less listener feedback while interviewing an unfamiliar adult, especially nonverbal feedback such as nods and facial expressions. Their verbal feedback and gaze time were similar to peers.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Multiprofessional Neurorehabilitation After COVID-19 Infection Should Include Assessment of Visual Function.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationSurvivors of hospital-treated COVID-19 with vision symptoms frequently had objective eye teaming and movement deficits. Most had at least one clinical sign. Clinicians should screen for visual dysfunction in post-acute rehabilitation, as these issues often coexist with fatigue and cognitive complaints.