SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Research for speech-language pathology

Papers a speech-language pathologist can act on — aphasia, dysphagia, developmental language, fluency, voice and augmentative communication — read in full and summarised plainly.

10,216 PAPERS · PAGE 79 OF 205 · NEWEST FIRST

• OTSLPOther2022Externalizing Behaviors are Associated with Increased Parenting Stress in Caregivers of Young Children with Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disordersExternalizing behaviors like aggression and tantrums predicted higher parenting stress in caregivers of young children with autism, more strongly than the autism diagnosis itself. Clinicians should prioritize managing these behavioral challenges to support caregiver well-being.
• SLPCohort2022Alexithymia and Autistic Traits as Contributing Factors to Empathy Difficulties in Preadolescent Children.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn preadolescent children, difficulty identifying and describing one's own feelings (alexithymia) predicted lower empathy scores more strongly than autistic traits did. This suggests that empathy challenges often attributed to autism may actually stem from co-occurring alexithymia, pointing to emotional awareness support rather than autism-specific social training.
• SLPQualitative2021Using qualitative content analysis to understand the active ingredients of a parent-mediated naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceCaregivers reported that Project ImPACT techniques like following the child's lead increased engagement, but results varied. Imitating the child and playful obstruction sometimes caused frustration or mixed responses. No single technique consistently produced the expected outcome across all situations.
• SLPQualitative2021Intense connection and love: The experiences of autistic mothers.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAutistic mothers described parenting as a strong bond with their children, often helped by shared autism, but said professionals judged, dismissed or missed their needs, so getting support felt like a fight.
• SLPRCT2021The effect of early autism intervention on parental sense of efficacy in a randomized trial depends on the initial level of parent stress.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceNeither autism intervention style nor assigned intensity alone changed parent efficacy over 12 months. Initial parent stress changed the intensity effect: lower-stress parents gained more with 25 hours/week, higher-stress parents with 15 hours/week.
• SLPOther2021Psychometric properties of the Chinese Parent Version of the Autism Spectrum Rating Scale: Rasch analysis.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceA Chinese parent-rated autism scale can be shortened into a total score and three subscales that work consistently and show no scoring differences tied to age, sex, diagnosis status, rater or city. The converted score did not diagnose better than the raw score.
• SLPOther2021Preliminary evaluation of the Chinese version of the Baby Eating Behaviour Questionnaire.Child: care, health and developmentThe Chinese Baby Eating Behaviour Questionnaire is a reliable tool for assessing infant appetite. It retains four key factors matching the original UK version, though three items were removed to fix cultural translation issues. Scores differ by sex, gestational age, and weight gain.
• SLPOther2022Qualitative Differences in Attribution of Mental States to Other People in Autism and Schizophrenia: What are the Tools for Differential Diagnosis?Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdults with autism understood story meanings but gave physical or literal explanations for characters' actions. Adults with psychosis often failed to understand the stories or attributed hostile intentions to neutral characters. These distinct reasoning styles may help differentiate the two conditions.
• OTSLPCohort2022Autism Spectrum Disorder and Mental Health Problems: Patterns of Difficulties and Longitudinal Trajectories in a Population-Based Twin Sample.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism had far more emotional, behavioural and peer difficulties than their non-autistic twins or typical peers. These problems were common, often multiple, and persisted or increased into early adolescence, rather than settling down.
• OTSLPCohort2022Comparison of Adaptive Functioning Measures in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder Without Intellectual Disability.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdolescents with autism and average IQ scored significantly lower on the Vineland-3 than the ABAS-3. The Vineland-3 identified more severe deficits in daily living skills, which were far below their cognitive abilities. Choose the measure based on whether you need to document impairment or plan intervention.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Responsiveness of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability And Health (ICF) Clinical Functioning Information Tool (ClinFIT) in Routine Clinical Practice in an Australian Inpatient Rehabilitation Setting.Journal of rehabilitation medicineThe ClinFIT tool detected significant improvements in patient functioning from admission to discharge and at 3 months. Scores dropped from a median of 196 to 69 at discharge. It tracks broad disability changes alongside standard functional independence measures in inpatient rehab.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022"It's Not Just in My Head, and It's Not Just Irrelevant": Autistic Negotiations of Menopausal Transitions.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutistic adults described menopause as confusing due to difficulty interpreting bodily sensations and a lack of prior information. They valued clinicians who validated their experiences rather than dismissing symptoms as psychological, and found peer support helpful but insufficient compared to evidence-based guidance.
• SLPOther2022Difficulties in Recognising Dynamic but not Static Emotional Body Movements in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersPeople with high-functioning autism identified emotions from body movements as accurately as controls, but took significantly longer to process dynamic movements. Static postures were recognized at similar speeds. This suggests recognition is intact but requires more cognitive effort for motion.
• SLPCohort2021Longitudinal Associations Between Parenting Practices and Youth Sleep Problems.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPParents with supportive warmth and low hostility had children with the fewest sleep problems. This link was strongest in children aged 9 to 14. For younger children, parenting style did not significantly predict sleep issues. Addressing family conflict may help older youth sleep better.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Characteristics Associated with the Use of an Inpatient Rehabilitation or Skilled Nursing Facility after Acute Care in Children with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.Developmental neurorehabilitationChildren with severe TBI in the UK had 93% lower odds of inpatient rehabilitation than US peers. Longer acute stays predicted home-based care. Younger children and African Americans in the US were less likely to be admitted to inpatient rehab, though these demographic findings were unadjusted.
• SLPCohort2021Prenatal exposure to paternal smoking and likelihood for autism spectrum disorder.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn two large Korean child samples, fathers who smoked during pregnancy had children more likely to screen positive for high likelihood of autism. The association was small and does not prove cause.
• SLPPilot2022Multi-level outcomes for young adults with acquired brain injury through a remote intensive cognitive rehabilitation approach: a pilot intervention study.Brain injuryTreatment participants with acquired brain injury improved classroom exam scores after the ICCR program, delivered in person and remotely, with lecture and seminar courses, computer exercises, and individual therapy, but some participation and quality of life gains were uncertain.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Use of Mobile/Tablet and Web-Based Applications to Support Rehabilitation After Stroke: A Scoping Review.Journal of rehabilitation medicineStroke rehabilitation apps mostly supported assessment or training for mild to moderate, often chronic, survivors. Evidence was mainly feasibility and pilot studies, with little on goal setting, participation, severe stroke, or clinical effects.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2022Health-Related Quality of Life in Pediatric Patients with Syndromic Autism and their Caregivers.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCaregivers reported children with syndromic autism had low quality of life, especially physical functioning. Rett syndrome scored lowest. Families rated emotional well-being as the area most strained. Therapists should ask about mobility, pain, energy, self-care, school participation, and family stress.
• PTOTSLPMeta-Analysis2022Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation in modulating cortical excitability in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationLow-frequency stimulation to the unaffected side increased excitability in the damaged side and decreased it in the healthy side. High-frequency and intermittent theta burst also boosted the damaged side. Continuous theta burst showed no clear effect. These are neurophysiological changes, not proven functional gains.
• OTSLPCase-Control2022Cognitive and Electrophysiological Correlates of Working Memory Impairments in Neurofibromatosis Type 1.Journal of autism and developmental disordersThe main EEG memory measure did not differ between 16 children with NF1 and 16 controls, but NF1 showed shorter brain-wave timing and different scalp patterns. Behaviourally, NF1 had poorer working memory and attention.
• SLPSurvey2022Elevated Levels of COVID-19-Related Stress and Mental Health Problems Among Parents of Children with Developmental Disorders During the Pandemic.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of children with developmental disorders reported more parenting stress and more depressive and anxiety symptoms than parents of typical children. Pandemic worries and work disruption did not differ.
• OTSLPQualitative2022"Together in a pressure cooker": Parenting children with disabilities during the COVID-19 lockdown.Disability and health journalParents described losing school-based therapy and support as forcing them to become their child's teacher and therapist overnight. They reported stress, guilt, and job strain from juggling these roles alone, though some found closer family bonds in the downtime.
• OTSLPQualitative2022Parental Views of Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Disorders During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of children with autism described the lockdown as a mix of strain and unexpected gain. They reported lost school support and social isolation, but also more time together, improved father-child interaction, and new self-care or verbal skills in their children.
• SLPCohort2022Relations of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors to Social Skills in Toddlers with Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disordersRepetitive sensory-motor behaviors, like hand flapping or lining up objects, predicted lower social skills in toddlers with autism more consistently than insistence on sameness or self-injury. These behaviors appeared linked to poorer play and interpersonal skills at both 24 and 36 months.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Cooperative ankle-exoskeleton control can reduce effort to recover balance after unexpected disturbances during walking.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn ten healthy walkers, an ankle exoskeleton that helped only when a push threatened balance cut muscle effort in the right leg. It did not improve stability or step recovery, because the participants were already able to keep their balance.
• SLPOther2022Physician recommended school accommodations and student outcomes following a mild traumatic brain injury among youth with persistent post-concussive symptoms.NeuroRehabilitationPhysicians recommended more school accommodations for adolescents who reported more ongoing school problems. However, these recommendations were not associated with better grades, fewer symptoms, or improved quality of life at 12 months, suggesting a gap between what doctors prescribe and what schools implement.
• SLPCohort2022Brief Report: Examining the Links Between Language Processes and Working Memory Impairments in Toddlers and Preschoolers with ASD.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism had lower working memory than peers, even after accounting for nonverbal ability. Stronger verbal skills linked to better working memory, especially in autism. Two-year-olds with weaker working memory used more self-talk, suggesting it may be a compensation strategy rather than a helpful tool.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2022Development of a Minimum Reporting Set of Contextual Factors for Rehabilitation Studies: A Delphi Study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineRehabilitation experts ranked human resources, context, and technical resources as the most critical provider factors to report in trials. For service delivery, they prioritized target group, rehabilitation team, and time/intensity. These categories form a minimum reporting set.
• OTSLPOther2022Characterizing Social Functioning in School-Age Children with Sensory Processing Abnormalities.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with sensory abnormalities had worse social functioning than typically developing children and similar functioning to children with autism, even when communication differences were considered.
• OTSLPSurvey2022Intervention Services for Autistic Adults: An ASDEU Study of Autistic Adults, Carers, and Professionals' Experiences.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMany recommended intervention steps were experienced, but gender, consent, speech, safety, family support, and help for self-harm were less common than professionals reported.
• SLPOther2021The Early Screening for Autism and Communication Disorders: Field-testing an autism-specific screening tool for children 12 to 36 months of age.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn toddlers already flagged for possible autism or delay, using the age-specific ESAC cutoffs identified most children with autism across 12 to 36 months. It has not yet been proven in low-risk primary care screening.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Is the Outcome of Diagnostic Nerve Block Related to Spastic Muscle Echo Intensity? A Retrospective Observational Study on Patients with Spastic Equinovarus Foot.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePatients with spastic equinovarus foot who had higher muscle echo intensity on ultrasound showed a reduced response to diagnostic nerve blocks. This suggests that increased fibrosis or fatty infiltration in the muscle limits the effectiveness of temporary nerve blockade.
• PTOTSLPPilot2022Adaptive ankle exoskeleton gait training demonstrates acute neuromuscular and spatiotemporal benefits for individuals with cerebral palsy: A pilot study.Gait & postureSix people with cerebral palsy walked faster and took longer steps after training with an ankle exoskeleton. These improvements remained when walking without the device, suggesting the training helped them learn a more efficient pattern rather than just relying on the machine.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Kinematic synergies in over-ground slip recovery outcomes: Distinct strategies or a single strategy?Gait & postureSplit falls and recoveries use similar movement patterns before and during the initial slip response, but differ significantly in the late recovery phase. Feet-forward falls resemble recoveries until the final step. This suggests split fallers may need more intensive, multi-phase training than feet-forward fallers.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Parent Questionnaires in the Evaluation of Pre-School Children Referred for Neuropsychiatric Assessment.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParent questionnaires tracked with autism severity, but the ABC missed many children with higher IQs. The ESSENCE-Q identified almost all diagnosed cases regardless of ability. Use these tools as guides for assessment, not as standalone diagnostic proof.
• PTOTSLPCase Series2022Neuropathic Pain in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19: A Prospective Case Series.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationEight hospitalized patients developed neuropathic pain during acute COVID-19. Most had mild to moderate symptoms. Pain improved with pregabalin and amitriptyline, but half still had mild pain at one month. It is unclear if the medication or the steroids caused the relief.
• SLPQualitative2021"Camouflaging" by adolescent autistic girls who attend both mainstream and specialist resource classes: Perspectives of girls, their mothers and their educators.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceAdolescent autistic girls in mixed school settings described camouflaging their traits and learning needs to fit in. They often failed to belong to either mainstream or specialist groups, leading to exhaustion, anxiety and isolation rather than social success.
• SLPCase-Control2021Reduced engagement of visual attention in children with autism spectrum disorder.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceChildren with autism showed reduced engagement of visual attention across both social and nonsocial stimuli. This difference was driven by slower re-engagement with new targets. The finding was unrelated to social symptom severity but linked to cognitive ability.
• SLPOther2022Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of a Dutch Version of the Actions and Feelings Questionnaire in Autistic and Neurotypical Adults.Journal of autism and developmental disordersThe Dutch Actions and Feelings Questionnaire is valid for total scores but not subscales. The total score correlates with autism traits in neurotypical adults but not autistic adults. Clinicians can use the total score, but should avoid interpreting the imagery and animation subscales due to poor reliability.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2022Facing Invalidation: A Further Challenge when Living with Chronic Widespread Pain.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePatients with chronic widespread pain reported frequent invalidation, particularly from social services and medical professionals. Higher levels of discounting and lack of understanding were associated with worse mental health and more anxiety or depression, but not with physical health status.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2022Concerns on healthcare access, utilization, and safety due to COVID-19 among American adults with vision loss.Disability and health journalMost adults with vision loss surveyed in early 2020 reported pandemic-related healthcare and safety concerns. Women, older adults, those with adult-onset vision loss, and people with additional disabilities were significantly more likely to report worries about accessing care, caregiver support, and safe interactions.
• OTSLPMeta-Analysis2022Autism Spectrum Disorder and Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAutism is found in 11.6% of people at clinical high risk for psychosis, though estimates vary widely. These individuals have poorer social functioning than those without autism, but their risk of converting to psychosis is not higher. Clinicians must distinguish new-onset symptoms from lifelong autistic traits.
• SLPOther2021Gender and racial/ethnic differences in food selectivity in children with intellectual disabilities.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDBoys with intellectual disabilities refused more foods than girls. Children with a Hispanic parent refused more vegetables. In this small sample, clinicians may see more food refusal in boys and children with a Hispanic parent.
• PTOTSLPRCT2021Surgery versus botulinum neurotoxin A to reduce drooling and improve daily life for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities: a randomized controlled trial.Developmental medicine and child neurologyBilateral submandibular duct ligation reduced drooling and daily care demands more effectively than botulinum toxin A at 8 and 32 weeks. Surgery caused more short-term adverse events but no long-term complications. It improved satisfaction with family relationships and life in general.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Timed "Up & Go" Dual-Task Tests: Age- and Sex-Specific Reference Values and Test-Retest Reliability in Cognitively Healthy Controls.Physical therapyTimed Up & Go dual-task time scores are highly reliable, but verbal outputs and cost measures vary widely between tests. Use time scores for consistent monitoring. Do not rely on animal naming counts to track small changes or evaluate interventions.
• SLPCase-Control2022Auditory Attention Deployment in Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersYoung adults with autism performed worse than peers on a listening task with competing speakers. They did not show the typical drop in accuracy when switching attention, likely because maintaining attention was already difficult for them.
• SLPOther2022Retest Reliability for Complete Airway Interruption Systems of Aerodynamic Measurement.Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice FoundationMechanical airflow interruption gives more consistent voice pressure and flow readings than the standard mouth-pressure method. For therapists using these tools, mechanical data is more reliable for tracking changes in patients with voice disorders.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Ecological Momentary Assessment of Real-World Functional Behaviors in Individuals With Stroke: A Longitudinal Observational Study.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationStroke survivors spent a median 78% of sampled waking time at home and 27% in passive leisure, with only 4% in physical activities. EMA surveys tracked these real-world patterns reliably, showing higher adherence than prior stroke studies and strong agreement with standard symptom measures.
• PTSLPOther2022"I was Confused … and Still am" Barriers Impacting the Help-Seeking Pathway for an Autism Diagnosis in Urban North India: A Mixed Methods Study.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents and teachers first noticed concerns when children were about 2 years old, but diagnosis often did not come until age 4. Health professionals and family frequently advised waiting for the child to catch up, delaying referral.