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Orthopaedic research

Everything we have read on orthopaedic. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,015 PAPERS · PAGE 5 OF 41 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTRCT2016Predictors of Exercise Adherence in Patients With Meniscal Tear and Osteoarthritis.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn 325 patients with knee OA and meniscal tear, 38% did not stick with exercise over 12 weeks. Lower income and no pain with pivoting or twisting were linked to more missed therapy and home exercise.
• PTCase Report2017Nonhealing, progressive stress fractures of the foot in a 13-year-old basketball player: is vitamin K deficiency a risk factor?Journal of physical therapy scienceA 13-year-old basketball player had foot bone edema that progressed despite initial immobilization and physiotherapy. Vitamin K was low, but no follow-up level was checked, and return to sport at 6 months cannot be credited to diet.
• PTOther2017The influence of continuous versus interval walking exercise on knee joint loading and pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Gait & postureIn 27 adults with knee OA, continuous and interval walking increased knee load similarly, but only continuous 45-minute walking raised pain. The same walking split into three 15-minute bouts with rest did not.
• PTOTSurvey2017Prevalence and factors associated with neck pain: a population-based study.Brazilian journal of physical therapyAbout one in five adults reported neck pain in the past year. It was more common in those who were widowed or separated, had low income or education, worked while sitting and leaning, or had two or more other diseases.
• PTProtocol2017A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of patient education for acute low back pain (PREVENT Trial): statistical analysis plan.Brazilian journal of physical therapyNo results are reported. This paper describes planned statistical analyses for a trial of patient education for acute low back pain.
• PTNarrative Review2017Modern pain neuroscience in clinical practice: applied to post-cancer, paediatric and sports-related pain.Brazilian journal of physical therapyNo original methods or results are reported. This masterclass narrative review gives a literature-based rationale for applying pain neuroscience to post-cancer, paediatric and sports pain.
• PTPilot2017The effect of Ai Chi aquatic therapy on individuals with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot study.Journal of physical therapy scienceFive weeks of a supervised water-based Ai Chi program improved reported pain, stiffness, and physical function difficulty in people with knee osteoarthritis, but did not improve walking distance, knee position sense, objective range of motion, or general health scores.
• PTProtocol2017Neural manual vs. robotic assisted mobilization to improve motion and reduce pain hypersensitivity in hand osteoarthritis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Journal of physical therapy scienceNo findings. This paper outlines the plan for a future trial comparing manual nerve mobilization and robotic hand mobilization for osteoarthritis pain. It reports no results because the study had not yet begun when published.
• PTOther2017Biomechanical analysis of INFINITY rehabilitation method for treatment of low back pain.Journal of physical therapy scienceA computer model of the lower back found figure-of-eight INFINITY motion doubled spinal load frequency, stayed within 10% of neutral load, and loaded back muscles symmetrically. It does not show pain or function improvement.
• PTQualitative2017Qualitative Development of a Discrete Choice Experiment for Physical Activity Interventions to Improve Knee Osteoarthritis.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationPeople with knee pain weighed time, effort, cost, convenience, enjoyment, and health benefits when choosing physical activity. Physical therapists can ask about these before prescribing activity, but this study did not test whether doing so improves outcomes.
• PTOTSurvey2017Interrelationship among the health-related and subjective quality of life, daily life activities, instrumental activities of daily living of community-dwelling elderly females in orthopedic outpatients.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn older women attending orthopedic clinics, less pain, better general health, more energy, better social life, and better mental health went with greater happiness. Happiness did not track daily activity or practical independence. Physical function tracked daily and practical activities, and energy tracked practical activities.
• PTOTCohort2017Effect of platelet concentration on clinical improvement in treatment of early stage-knee osteoarthritis with platelet-rich plasma concentrations.Journal of physical therapy scienceBoth a low-concentration and a high-concentration platelet-rich plasma kit reduced knee pain and stiffness by more than half in patients with early osteoarthritis. The higher platelet count offered no additional clinical benefit over the lower one at six months.
• PTCohort2017Gait disorders in the elderly and dual task gait analysis: a new approach for identifying motor phenotypes.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWhen older adults counted backwards while walking, their stride regularity suffered most. This change helped distinguish peripheral from central gait disorders, but the walking patterns did not match diagnoses or memory scores.
• PTOther2017Comparison therapeutic efficacy of underwater and overground walking training on the healthy subjects balancing ability.Journal of physical therapy scienceFour weeks of underwater treadmill walking was reported to improve standing balance more than overground treadmill walking in healthy adults. The underwater group had better sway and balance scores, but the study did not test patients or describe randomization.
• PTOTCohort2017The comparison of clinical features and quality of life after total knee replacement.Journal of physical therapy sciencePain scores fell from 7.00 to 2.59 on a 0-10 scale after total knee replacement, and knee function and quality-of-life scores were higher at six and twelve months. Only 33 of 63 patients had twelve-month data.
• PTCohort2017Obesity and low back pain: a retrospective cohort study of Japanese males.Journal of physical therapy scienceJapanese male workers followed for over 20 years had more persistent low back pain when body fat percentage was higher. The highest fat group had 53 cases per 10,000 men-years, compared with 27 in the lowest group.
• PTOther2017Relationship between trunk function evaluated using the trunk righting test and physical function in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Journal of physical therapy scienceHigher trunk righting test scores were linked to greater knee strength, longer single-leg standing, and faster timed-up-and-go in 50 patients awaiting knee replacement for knee osteoarthritis.
• PTOTSystematic Review2017Interactive wearable systems for upper body rehabilitation: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationMost included wearable upper-body rehab systems track motion and give visual feedback, but only three had clinical trials. Do not assume they improve movement or function; evidence is still mainly technical and usability.
• PTOther2017Effect of sleep posture on neck muscle activity.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn healthy young adults, lying on the back with the dominant hand on the forehead raised right trapezius and scalene muscle activity versus hands at side. Left-side muscles did not differ. This is muscle activity, not proven pain reduction.
• PTOther2017Bacterial contamination in physical therapy departments in the State of Kuwait.Journal of physical therapy scienceSponges used for interferential and electrical stimulation therapy were heavily contaminated with bacteria, including pathogens like Acinetobacter baumannii. Water in hot pack units was also frequently dirty. This suggests equipment may spread infection between patients if disinfection protocols are not strictly followed.
• PTOTSLPCohort2017Rehabilitation in a convalescent rehabilitation ward following an acute ward improves functional recovery and mortality for hip fracture patients: a sequence in a single hospital.Journal of physical therapy scienceHip fracture patients who moved to a convalescent rehabilitation ward within the same hospital had higher discharge independence scores and home discharge rates than those discharged directly from the acute ward. One-year mortality did not differ significantly between the two groups.
• PTOTOther20173D motion analysis of the wrist splint effect to wrist joint movement.Journal of physical therapy scienceWearing a fitted wrist splint while opening bottle caps increased wrist angle values in young adults for each cap size tested. This was a small laboratory test in normal wrists, not proof splints prevent injury.
• PTOther2017Distinguishing between nociceptive and neuropathic components in chronic low back pain using behavioural evaluation and sensory examination.Musculoskeletal science & practiceTwo-point discrimination did not separate chronic low back pain patients with higher and lower PainDETECT scores. Higher score patients reported worse pain, lower quality of life and more distress, and needed stronger touch. This can guide assessment, not prove a treatment works.
• PTSurvey2017Relationship of locomotive syndrome with health-related quality of life among patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.Journal of physical therapy scienceOf 1,195 Japanese patients with sleep apnea treated with CPAP, 578 screened positive for locomotive syndrome (mobility and balance problems). Those with it reported lower quality of life after accounting for age, body mass, apnea severity, and sleepiness.
• PTOther2017University of the Witwatersrand physiotherapy undergraduate curriculum alignment to medical conditions of patients within Gauteng state health facilities.The South African journal of physiotherapyIn Gauteng state hospitals, physiotherapists most commonly treated lower limb fractures, stroke and soft tissue injuries. The Wits curriculum covered almost all listed conditions; stress and laryngectomy were not explicitly covered. It allocated hours to common conditions.
• PTNarrative Review2017Regenerative Rehabilitation: Combining Stem Cell Therapies and Activity-Dependent Stimulation.Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy AssociationNo clinical finding is available. This narrative overview discusses combining stem cell therapies and activity-dependent stimulation, but reports no methods, patients, or outcomes.
• PTCohort2017Therapeutic efficacy of three hyaluronic acid formulations in young and middle-aged patients with early-stage meniscal injuries.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 55 patients with early-stage meniscal degeneration, pain and function improved after treatment with any of three hyaluronic acid injections over six months. No formulation was clearly better than the others.
• PTOther2017The effects of milk intake and whole-body vibration exercise on bone mineral density in elderly women in nursing homes.Journal of physical therapy scienceBone-density scores did not change significantly with lactose-free milk plus whole-body vibration over 12 weeks. The study did not show a significant effect on bone density.
• PTOther2017Effect of standing postural deviations on trunk and hip muscle activity.Journal of physical therapy scienceSway-back posture raised rectus abdominis activity and lowered internal oblique, iliopsoas, and gluteus maximus activity in 17 healthy adult men with no low back pain history. Lordosis raised lumbar multifidus activity and lowered lower gluteus maximus activity.
• PTOther2017Effects of kinesio taping to the quadriceps femoris muscles on functions of elderly women.Journal of physical therapy scienceElderly women with knee osteoarthritis who added kinesio taping to exercise had lower post scores on a knee function questionnaire and timed tests than those who exercised alone.
• PTPilot2017The effects of progressive neuromuscular training on postural balance and functionality in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot study.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 11 older adults with knee osteoarthritis, 8 weeks of supervised strength, balance and proprioception training was followed by improved balance and self-reported pain, stiffness and function; gains remained 4 weeks after training. Without a control group, this cannot prove the training caused them.
• PTPilot2017Translating Comprehensive Conservative Care for Chronic Knee Pain Into a Digital Care Pathway: 12-Week and 6-Month Outcomes for the Hinge Health Program.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologies41 employees with chronic knee pain who used a 12-week digital program reported less pain, stiffness, and better function at 12 weeks and 6 months. Because all received the whole program, no single part can be credited.
• PTOther2017The reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Japanese orthopaedic association back pain evaluation questionnaire.Journal of physical therapy scienceThe Korean JOABPEQ produced similar scores when 62 outpatients completed it again after 2 weeks, and it moved in line with a general health survey. It can help describe patients, but did not show whether it detects treatment change.
• PTCase Report2017Effect of modified leg-raising exercise on the pain and pelvic angle of a patient with back pain and excessive lordosis.Journal of physical therapy scienceA patient with low back pain and excessive lordosis reported less pain and smaller pelvic tilt after a modified leg-raising exercise. This is a single case, so it cannot show the exercise works.
• PTRCT2017The effects of spinal support device on pain and extensibility of the hamstrings in patients with non-specific low back pain.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 20 people, pain scores fell more with spinal support device bed rest than bed rest alone, but hamstring extensibility did not improve.
• PTOther2017The effect of changing condition of walking speed on the knee angle of rats with osteoarthritis.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn rats with induced knee osteoarthritis, changing treadmill speed resulted in a higher knee angle after two weeks than same-speed walking, but both groups' angles fell from baseline.
• PTOther2017Reliability of musculoskeletal ultrasound imaging to measure supraspinatus tendon thickness in healthy subjects.Journal of physical therapy scienceMusculoskeletal ultrasound measured supraspinatus tendon thickness consistently in 20 healthy adults when the same expert repeated scans and when two experts scanned. It does not show ultrasound is accurate for diagnosing tears in patients.
• PTOther2017Acupressure for chronic low back pain: a single system study.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn one man with chronic low back pain, adding acupressure to physical therapy coincided with lower pain, better function, and a disability score of 0%, but physical therapy alone also changed scores and this design cannot show acupressure caused it.
• PTPilot2017Cross-cultural adaptation of the 12-item Örebro musculoskeletal screening questionnaire to Japanese (ÖMSQ-12-J), reliability and clinicians' impressions for practicality.Journal of physical therapy scienceJapanese adults with musculoskeletal problems answered the 12-item Örebro screening twice and mostly gave similar answers. 14 clinicians mostly found it useful, but it has not been shown to predict recovery.
• PTCohort2017Clinical features of patients diagnosed with degenerative rotator cuff tendon disease: a 6-month prospective-definitive clinical study from turkey.Journal of physical therapy scienceMost patients were women with an average age of 52.6 years. Night pain and daily NSAID use were common. Women had higher pain scores and BMI; men did more repetitive shoulder work.
• PTCohort2017Musculoskeletal signs in female homecare personnel: A longitudinal epidemiological study.Work (Reading, Mass.)Pain provoked in lower lumbar segments at baseline was linked to higher low back pain and disability eight years later in female homecare workers. Lumbar mobility showed small links, but signs explained only 6 to 10% of outcomes.
• PTOther2017Anti-gravity treadmill can promote aerobic exercise for lower limb osteoarthritis patients.Journal of physical therapy scienceAnti-gravity treadmill walking did not change oxygen uptake compared with level-ground walking, but 20 patients with lower limb osteoarthritis walked faster with less pain during a short test.
• PTOTPilot2017A therapist-focused knowledge translation intervention for improving patient adherence in musculoskeletal physiotherapy practice.Archives of physiotherapyAfter a 1-hour workshop, 35 physiotherapists reported higher confidence in identifying adherence risks, assessing barriers, measuring adherence and implementing strategies. It did not show that patients adhered better or had improved outcomes.
• PTNarrative Review2017Direct access to physical therapy for the patient with musculoskeletal disorders, a literature review.Journal of physical therapy scienceSelf-referring to physical therapy for musculoskeletal disorders was reported to help patients reach goals, reduce missed work, and lower costs, and to be as safe as physician referral, but this review was not systematic and cannot confirm it.
• PTCase Report2017Non-surgical relief of cervical radiculopathy through reduction of forward head posture and restoration of cervical lordosis: a case report.Journal of physical therapy scienceA 31-year-old male with right cervical radiculopathy reported complete alleviation of upper arm weakness and neck pain after 40 sessions over 17 weeks of extension exercises, extension traction, spinal manipulation, paraspinal stimulation, and home traction.
• PTOther2017Content validity and test-retest reliability of a low back pain questionnaire in Zimbabwean adolescents.Archives of physiotherapyA Zimbabwean adolescent low back pain questionnaire was judged relevant by experts, but answers about sciatica and functional limitation were inconsistent between assessments. Use it to screen pain and factors, not to score function.
• PTCase Report2017Depicting individual responses to physical therapist led chronic pain self-management support with pain science education and exercise in primary health care: multiple case studies.Archives of physiotherapyIn six people with chronic pain, function responses to a physiotherapist-led program combining pain science education, cognitive-behavioural principles and individualized exercise varied. Some improved function, some did not change, some declined. The contribution of any component is unknown. These cases cannot show it works.
• PTRCT2017Effectiveness of three modes of kinetic-chain exercises on quadriceps muscle strength and thigh girth among individuals with knee osteoarthritis.Archives of physiotherapyThe three knee-exercise modes did not differ in strength or thigh girth gains, with all participants also taking daily 3000 mg Paracetamol. All modes increased strength and girth over 12 weeks.
• PTOTCohort2018Patient-Reported and Objectively Measured Function Before and After Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty.Journal of geriatric physical therapy (2001)In 14 people, one year after reverse shoulder arthroplasty and a shared rehabilitation program, pain and patient-reported upper-limb function improved, but home-measured arm activity did not improve compared with before surgery.
• PTOTRCT2017Effects of Inpatient Multicomponent Occupational Rehabilitation versus Less Comprehensive Outpatient Rehabilitation on Somatic and Mental Health: Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of occupational rehabilitationThe main outcome, sickness absence, showed no difference between the inpatient and outpatient programs. Health outcomes showed no substantial difference.