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Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 33 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTRCT2021Home-based (virtual) rehabilitation improves motor and cognitive function for stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial of the Elements (EDNA-22) system.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationHome EDNA tablet training plus usual rehab improved more affected-hand Box and Block scores and cognitive screening scores more than home GRASP plus usual rehab in a small stroke trial.
• PTOTCohort2022Changes in Stroke Rehabilitation during the Sars-Cov-2 Shutdown in Switzerland.Journal of rehabilitation medicineDuring shutdown, 72% of 36 stroke survivors reported less outpatient therapy, sat more, and had slightly worse depression. Upper-limb usage did not worsen, and some motor measures improved after therapy restarted.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Health-related factors for work participation in persons with spinal cord injury in Finland.Journal of rehabilitation medicineEmployed people with spinal cord injury reported better physical, mental, and social health than those not working. Physical function, pain, and ability to participate in social roles were the strongest factors linked to being at work. Age and injury severity also influenced employment likelihood.
• PTSLPSurvey2022Differential Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Utilization Disruption for Community-Dwelling Individuals With and Without Acquired Brain Injury.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationDuring the pandemic, people with and without brain injury reported missed or delayed care. Disruption in care for brain injury or mental health went with lower health-related quality of life. Telehealth was common and generally acceptable, but not for thorough exams.
• PTCohort2021Physical activity dimensions after stroke: patterns and relation with lower limb motor function.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAfter stroke, walking intensity and time spent upright increased during early recovery, while the number and length of activity periods did not. Motor function showed little association with these activity patterns.
• PTOTCase-Control2021Bilateral actigraphic quantification of upper extremity movement in hemiparetic children with perinatal stroke: a case control study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationBilateral wrist actigraphy distinguished hemiparetic children from typically developing peers in real life, with asymmetry scores correlating modestly with clinical tests. The strongest links appeared during sleep and rest, not active play, suggesting standard clinic measures do not fully capture daily movement patterns.
• PTOther2021Classification of Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait based on 360° turning analysis using 36 kinematic features.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFull-body motion capture in a lab during 360° turns correctly labelled 98.1% of cases comparing Parkinson's disease with controls, but only 79.4% and 72.9% of freezing versus non-freezing cases. No treatment was tested.
• PTOther2022Corticospinal Tract Lesion Load Originating From Both Ventral Premotor and Primary Motor Cortices Are Associated With Post-stroke Motor Severity.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairLesion overlap with corticospinal fibers from ventral premotor cortex and primary motor cortex was linked to severe versus mild motor impairment after stroke. The ventral premotor tract added information beyond primary motor cortex alone.
• PTOTOther2022Characterization of stroke-related upper limb motor impairments across various upper limb activities by use of kinematic core set measures.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWearable movement analysis showed gesture and grasp tasks differ in stroke-related upper limb motion. Moderate impairment made movements slower and less smooth across daily tasks. Task choice changes what movement measures mean.
• PTOTQualitative2022Patients' Experiences of Self-Administered Electrotherapy for Spasticity in Stroke and Cerebral Palsy: A Qualitative Study.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePatients reported the self-administered electrotherapy suit reduced spasticity and pain, but many found it impossible to put on alone due to tight fits and difficult zips. The need for assistance contradicted the goal of home independence, though some successfully reduced medication use.
• PTRCT2022Step Number and Aerobic Minute Exercise Prescription and Progression in Stroke: A Roadmap.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairStep and aerobic minute targets for stroke rehab can be predicted from baseline walking speed and age. A 65-year-old walking at 0.4 m/s is predicted to reach 2,696 steps and 27 aerobic minutes by session 20, but these targets need cross-validation.
• PTOther2021Ankle resistance with a unilateral soft exosuit increases plantarflexor effort during pushoff in unimpaired individuals.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationResisting ankle push-off with a soft exosuit increased calf muscle effort in healthy walkers. Higher resistance shifted weight to the other leg, reducing training specificity. Medium resistance best targeted the ankle, but the optimal force varied between individuals.
• PTOTPilot2021Therapeutic Instrumental Music Training and Motor Imagery in Post-Stroke Upper-Extremity Rehabilitation: A Randomized-Controlled Pilot Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationThirty adults with chronic stroke improved upper-limb function after 3 weeks of music-based training, whether they practiced physically or added motor imagery. Adding an external rhythm cue during imagery did not help and may have hindered gains compared with physical practice alone.
• PTOTRCT2021Efficacy of a technology-based client-centred training system in neurological rehabilitation: a randomised controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding i-ACT to usual therapy gave no clear added functional benefit in 45 people with central nervous system deficits. Both groups improved. The self-reported ability score favoured i-ACT during training, then usual therapy later.
• PTOTSLPPilot2021Physiotherapy using a free-standing robotic exoskeleton for patients with spinal cord injury: a feasibility study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThree patients with severe spinal cord injury completed 12 weeks of free-standing exoskeleton therapy. No adverse events occurred, and all wanted to continue. Functional outcomes were inconsistent: one improved, one declined, and one showed no change on the primary measure.
• PTOTOther2022Safety and efficacy of repeat long-term incobotulinumtoxinA treatment for lower limb or combined upper/lower limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineRepeat incobotulinumtoxinA injections for lower limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy were well-tolerated over four to six cycles. Muscle tone improved consistently, and gross motor scores rose by 4.8 points at the final visit. Most adverse events were mild respiratory infections.
• PTRCT2021The effect of pelvic movements of a gait training system for stroke patients: a single blind, randomized, parallel study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding pelvic movements to robotic gait training increased muscle activation and walking speed in stroke patients compared to fixed-pelvis training. However, the study was small, and improvements in self-selected speed were similar in both groups.
• PTOTOther2021Abnormal Gait Movements Prior to a Near Fall in Individuals After Stroke.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIn the single step before a near fall, stroke patients slowed down, took longer to complete the step, and shifted their body weight side-to-side more than usual. Therapists should watch for these specific changes in gait to anticipate instability.
• PTOTOther2022Using Machine Learning to Develop a Short-Form Measure Assessing 5 Functions in Patients With Stroke.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationA new 15-item stroke assessment tracks five functions in about 10 minutes. It scores nearly identical to full batteries and detects recovery changes as well. Therapists can use it for quick discharge checks without losing the clinical detail of longer tests.
• PTOTSLPCase-Control2022Cerebellar Contributions to Motor and Cognitive Control in Multiple Sclerosis✰✰✰.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn people with MS, larger cerebellar volume and better microstructural integrity were linked to faster walking, better balance, and quicker processing speed. These brain measures tracked with functional deficits, suggesting cerebellar health supports both motor and cognitive tasks.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022A process evaluation of patient care needs using the Post-Stroke Checklist: A prospective study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineUsing a 13-item checklist in stroke rehab helped clinicians spot persistent issues like pain and incontinence. Most participants improved functionally by discharge, but many still reported problems three months later, highlighting the need for continued community follow-up.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022Addressing the Shadow Pandemic: COVID-19 Related Impacts, Barriers, Needs, and Priorities to Health Care and Support for Women Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence and Brain Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationStakeholders reported increased IPV severity and access barriers during COVID-19. They identified urgent needs for cross-sector provider education on IPV-TBI signs, formalized peer support, and navigators to help survivors with brain injuries access care.
• PTOTSurvey2022The impact of COVID-19 on the lifestyles of adolescents with cerebral palsy in the Southeast United States.Disability and health journalMost adolescents with cerebral palsy reported less exercise and less contact with friends and family during the pandemic. Many also had low mood or loss of interest. These are self-reported experiences, not evidence that any treatment worked.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022Team-based rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury: a qualitative synthesis of evidence of experiences of the rehabilitation process.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePeople with traumatic brain injury described team-based rehabilitation as poorly coordinated and not tailored enough, especially when moving from hospital to home and after formal services ended. They said close persons and timely, individual support mattered.
• PTCohort2022The development of Ambulation Independence Measure: A new measurement tool to assess gait ability in acute stroke patients.NeuroRehabilitationA new 7-point walking score in 73 acute stroke patients separated those using a KAFO from those using an AFO or no orthosis, tracked improvement from baseline to discharge, and was strongly linked to discharge walking ability.
• PTOTPilot2022Increasing motor cortex activation during grasping via novel robotic mirror hand therapy: a pilot fNIRS study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobotic mirror therapy produced stronger and more balanced brain activation in the motor cortex than standard mirror therapy or passive robotic movement in a small pilot. This suggests the robotic approach may better stimulate neural pathways, but functional recovery was not tested.
• PTOTOther2022Accuracy of Heart Rate Measurement by the Fitbit Charge 2 During Wheelchair Activities in People With Spinal Cord Injury: Instrument Validation Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesThe Fitbit Charge 2 is too inaccurate to trust for heart rate in people with spinal cord injury. It failed the standard accuracy limit for all activities. Errors were worst in those with high cervical lesions and during strength exercise. Use chest straps instead for clinical decisions.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022Quantifying Quality of Reaching Movements Longitudinally Post-Stroke: A Systematic Review.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairNo single movement metric reliably tracks true neurological recovery after stroke. Kinematic measures often improve while underlying weakness and loss of dexterity persist, meaning patients may regain function through compensation rather than restitution.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021The prevalence, characteristics, and psychiatric correlates of traumatic brain injury in incarcerated individuals: an examination in two independent samples.Brain injuryTraumatic brain injury affects half of incarcerated men and women, often from assault or car accidents. In women, a history of mild TBI linked to higher PTSD symptoms and depression diagnoses. Men showed no significant rise in mental illness symptoms from mild TBI, though alcohol use disorder rates were higher in both sexes.
• PTOTSurvey2022Healthcare Disruptions and Use of Telehealth Services Among People With Multiple Sclerosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationPeople with MS experienced fewer healthcare disruptions than healthy controls, but still missed 38% to 50% of medical appointments. Telehealth use was high and satisfaction was very high, especially for mental health. Functional limitations predicted greater telehealth use.
• PTOTPilot2022A Novel Body Weight-Supported Postural Perturbation Module for Gait and Balance Rehabilitation After Stroke: Preliminary Evaluation Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesAdding automated balance perturbations to a body weight support system was safe and feasible for stroke inpatients. It did not significantly improve balance scores compared to standard body weight support alone, though both groups improved more than historical controls.
• PTOTQualitative2022A qualitative examination of the usability of a digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia program after stroke.Brain injuryPeople with stroke found the digital sleep program engaging but often unsafe or impractical. Advice to leave bed or stop napping conflicted with fatigue and mobility issues, while cognitive barriers required partner support. Standard CBT-I protocols need adaptation before being recommended for this population.
• PTOTCohort2022Determinants of impaired bed mobility in Parkinson's disease: Impact of hip muscle strength and motor symptoms.NeuroRehabilitationArm rigidity and weak hip adductors, not general axial stiffness, drive slow bed mobility in Parkinson's. Patients with these deficits rely on hip-hitching or lateral flexion without rotation. Targeting hip strength and managing arm rigidity may improve turning efficiency.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Electronic health record and patterns of care for children with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyMost care for children with cerebral palsy happens without the child physically present. For every in-person visit, there were five care coordination interactions like calls or emails. Therapy and emergency visits were mostly in-person, while neurology and rehab relied heavily on remote coordination.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022Facilitators and barriers to performing dietary behaviors among chronic community-dwelling stroke survivors: A qualitative secondary analysis.Disability and health journalChronic stroke survivors described how hemiparesis, fatigue, and taste changes make grocery shopping and cooking difficult. They relied on care-partners and adaptive equipment, but this dependence caused frustration. Fear and dissatisfaction led some to stop cooking or dining with others, reducing participation in meaningful daily activities.
• PTOTSLPCase-Control2022Traumatic Brain Injury and Early Onset Dementia in Post 9-11 Veterans.Brain injuryPost-9/11 Veterans with a history of traumatic brain injury had three times the odds of early-onset dementia compared to matched controls. The risk was nearly six times higher for frontotemporal dementia than for Alzheimer's, suggesting TBI may specifically drive FTD pathology.
• PTOTCohort2022Assessment of changes in muscle mass, strength, and quality and activities of daily living in elderly stroke patients.International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptationStroke patients improved activities of daily living over four weeks when muscle strength and muscle quality improved. Muscle mass did not track recovery and even tended to fall, so mass is a poor marker of rehabilitation progress.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022The diagnostic levels of evidence of instrumented devices for measuring viscoelastic joint properties and spasticity; a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNo study showed that robotic devices improve patient care. The highest evidence level found was for basic comparisons, not diagnostic accuracy. Clinicians should not assume these tools are ready for routine practice or that they change outcomes.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Advanced brain age in deployment-related traumatic brain injury: A LIMBIC-CENC neuroimaging study.Brain injuryIn male veterans, a history of deployment-related mild traumatic brain injury was associated with a brain appearing 0.95 years older than expected. No such link was found in females or in longitudinal data. Higher PTSD, depression, and alcohol misuse scores were also associated with older brain age.
• PTOTRCT2022A randomized clinical control study on the efficacy of three-dimensional upper limb robotic exoskeleton training in chronic stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThe total upper limb Fugl-Meyer score did not improve more with robotic exoskeleton training than manual therapy in chronic stroke. Robotic training showed greater shoulder and elbow scores and faster bimanual task times on other measures.
• PTOther2022Reliability and diagnostic accuracy of corrected slack angle derived from 2D-SWE in quantitating muscle spasticity of stroke patients.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn 20 stroke patients, a corrected ultrasound slack angle tracked spasticity severity, and cutoffs classified severe cases. It is not yet a validated clinical test.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Multiprofessional Neurorehabilitation After COVID-19 Infection Should Include Assessment of Visual Function.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationSurvivors of hospital-treated COVID-19 with vision symptoms frequently had objective eye teaming and movement deficits. Most had at least one clinical sign. Clinicians should screen for visual dysfunction in post-acute rehabilitation, as these issues often coexist with fatigue and cognitive complaints.
• PTPilot2022Exoskeleton Training and Trans-Spinal Stimulation for Physical Activity Enhancement After Spinal Cord Injury (EXTra-SCI): An Exploratory Study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesEight men with chronic spinal cord injury walked with an exoskeleton for 12 weeks. Waist and abdominal measurements and total-body percent fat mass decreased, but oxygen consumption did not change. Muscle activity and trans-spinal stimulation effects were exploratory and highly variable.
• PTOther2022Assessing inertial measurement unit locations for freezing of gait detection and patient preference.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFor detecting freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease, three sensors on the lower back and both ankles performed best; one ankle sensor performed within 3.9% of the best set. Patients rated wrist, ankle, and lower back sensors most wearable. Small sensor study, not therapy.
• PTOTRCT2022Intensive Circuit Class Therapy in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of rehabilitation medicine12 weeks of supervised circuit training improved balance, walking, fatigue, and mood in 23 people with relapsing-remitting MS. The control group showed no change. This suggests group physiotherapy is a viable option for mild-to-moderate disability.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Responsiveness of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability And Health (ICF) Clinical Functioning Information Tool (ClinFIT) in Routine Clinical Practice in an Australian Inpatient Rehabilitation Setting.Journal of rehabilitation medicineThe ClinFIT tool detected significant improvements in patient functioning from admission to discharge and at 3 months. Scores dropped from a median of 196 to 69 at discharge. It tracks broad disability changes alongside standard functional independence measures in inpatient rehab.
• PTCohort2022Inclusive Trial Designs in Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Prediction-Based Stratification of Clinical Walking Outcome and Projected Enrolment Frequencies.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairBaseline leg strength, pinprick sensation and age sorted people with acute cervical spinal cord injury into seven groups with different 6-month walking outcomes, from non-walkers to functional walkers. This helps clinicians set realistic walking goals.
• PTOTOther2022Towards functional robotic training: motor learning of dynamic tasks is enhanced by haptic rendering but hampered by arm weight support.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFeeling the forces of a virtual pendulum through a robot arm improved healthy people's learning and transfer of a dynamic task. Full arm weight support reduced learning, so assistance may need to be lowered or adapted.
• PTCohort2022Whole-Brain Metabolic Abnormalities Are Associated With Mobility in Older Adults With Multiple Sclerosis.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairOlder adults with MS had widespread brain metabolic changes linked to slower walking and less endurance. These abnormalities appeared in regions not traditionally tied to movement, suggesting mobility issues may stem from broader brain changes rather than isolated motor cortex damage.
• PTOTOther2022A Rasch-Based Comparison of the Functional Independence Measure and Spinal Cord Independence Measure for Outcome and Quality in the Rehabilitation of Persons with Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of rehabilitation medicineSpinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) scores can be mathematically converted to Functional Independence Measure (FIM) motor scores with high accuracy. The SCIM is more sensitive for patients with severe injuries, capturing finer differences in low-functioning mobility and self-care than the FIM.