TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 32 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPRCT2021Comparison of attention process training and activity-based attention training after acquired brain injury: A randomized controlled study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAttention Process Training (APT) improved specific work skills like mental energy and organization more than Activity-based Attention Training (ABAT). However, both groups improved similarly in daily life satisfaction and general work ability, so neither approach proved superior for overall occupational outcomes.
• PTOTSLPOther2021Which Balance Evaluation Systems Test sections best distinguish levels of post-stroke functional walking status?Journal of rehabilitation medicineThe Stability in Gait section of the BESTest best identifies stroke patients who can walk in the community. A score of 73.8% on this section accurately distinguishes limited from unlimited community walkers. Other sections help identify those restricted to household walking.
• PTSystematic Review2021Assessing the usability of wearable devices to measure gait and physical activity in chronic conditions: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationYou cannot trust current data on whether patients find wearable gait devices usable. The studies reviewed measured and reported usability so inconsistently that no firm conclusions could be drawn about which devices patients actually accept or find helpful.
• PTCohort2021Does Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation Impact Asymmetry and Dyscoordination of Gait in Parkinson's Disease?Neurorehabilitation and neural repairAfter subthalamic deep brain stimulation, motor scores improved by 58%, but step time asymmetry and left-right stepping dyscoordination increased, especially in the postural instability and gait disorder group.
• PTOther2021Walking with robot-generated haptic forces in a virtual environment: a new approach to analyze lower limb coordination.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWalking with a robot-powered leash pulling the hand increased gait speed by 0.04 to 0.14 m/s in older adults with chronic stroke. Coordination changes persisted after the pull stopped, but the study was a single session and did not test if this improves daily walking.
• PTOTCohort2021Effectiveness of Adjunct Robotic Therapy With a Patient-Guided Suspension System for Stroke Rehabilitation Using a 7-Days-a-Week Model of Care: A Comparison With Conventional Rehabilitation.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAdding robotic gait training to usual care did not improve the main functional outcome or length of stay. However, it significantly improved walking assistance levels, with patients needing less physical help by discharge. Most patients found the therapy safe and satisfying.
• PTCase-Control2021Cognitive and Central Vestibular Functions Correlate in People With Multiple Sclerosis.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn 40 people with MS, worse balance, gait, eye movement, and vertical perception scores were linked to worse cognitive scores. The link remained after accounting for disability. This is association, not proof that vestibular rehabilitation improves cognition.
• PTOTCohort2021High Rates of Vitamin D Deficiency in Acute Rehabilitation Patients.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationSeventy-six percent of patients admitted to acute inpatient rehabilitation had low vitamin D levels, with 47% classified as deficient. Younger patients were significantly more likely to be deficient than older ones. This suggests acute rehab patients are an at-risk group for vitamin D deficiency.
• PTOTCohort2021Association between pre-stroke physical activity and mobility and walking ability in the early subacute phase: A registry-based study.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePre-stroke physical activity was not significantly associated with better mobility or walking recovery in the early subacute phase. Both active and inactive patients improved similarly during stroke unit care. Do not expect higher pre-stroke fitness to guarantee faster functional recovery.
• PTCase-Control2021Motor Cortical Network Flexibility is Associated With Biomechanical Walking Impairment in Chronic Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPeople with chronic stroke had less flexible lower-limb brain network responses than controls. More flexible responses were linked to better push-off from the paretic ankle during walking. This was a small research finding, not a tested treatment.
• PTOTPilot2021Electromyography Recordings Detect Muscle Activity Before Observable Contractions in Acute Stroke Care.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationWireless EMG sensors detected muscle contractions in all 21 acute stroke patients, including 11 with no observable arm movement. In that group, most contractions had no movement, and whether they were voluntary is unknown.
• PTOTOther2021Associations between upper extremity functioning and kinematics in people with spinal cord injury.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn 25 people with spinal cord injury, how they drank from a cup tracked closely with clinical arm tests. Wrist position, slow movement, and choppy movement explained most test scores; hand position sense added useful information.
• PTOTRCT2021Repetitive Peripheral Sensory Stimulation as an Add-On Intervention for Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Stroke: A Randomized Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairAdding sensory stimulation to electrical stimulation, task training, and home practice did not improve primary upper-limb motor function more than sham. Both groups improved on the Wolf Motor Function Test.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Within-subject variation in the cognitive timed up and go test as an explanatory variable in fall risk in patients with parkinson's disease.Journal of rehabilitation medicineIn Parkinson's disease, greater within-session variation in the cognitive Timed Up and Go test time strongly predicts recurrent falls. A cut-off of 1.53 seconds identified recurrent fallers with acceptable accuracy. Single-trial testing may miss this risk signal.
• PTOTCohort2021Cognitive Function is a Predictor of the Daily Step Count in Patients With Subacute Stroke With Independent Walking Ability: A Prospective Cohort Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationAmong subacute stroke patients who could walk independently, lower cognitive scores on admission predicted fewer daily steps at discharge. Physical measures like walking speed and motor function were not significant predictors in the final model.
• PTOTCohort2021Prism Adaptation Treatment Improves Inpatient Rehabilitation Outcome in Individuals With Spatial Neglect: A Retrospective Matched Control Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationIn matched patients with spatial neglect, those who received prism adaptation did not reach clinically important gains or go home more often, though total and cognitive functional independence scores were higher.
• PTOTCohort2021Smoothness metric during reach-to-grasp after stroke: part 2. longitudinal association with motor impairment.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationMovement smoothness and clinical motor scores recovered in parallel during the first five weeks after stroke. Smoothness remained below healthy levels at six months. Because both improved together, smoothness may serve as an objective alternative to clinical exams for tracking early recovery.
• PTRCT2022Program of Rehabilitative Exercise and Education to Avert Vascular Events After Non-Disabling Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (PREVENT Trial): A Randomized Controlled Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairAdding a combined program of exercise, education, goal setting, and behavior-change supports to usual care after stroke/TIA did not lower systolic blood pressure more than usual care alone. Diastolic pressure and LDL cholesterol improved more after the program, but the difference did not persist.
• PTOTRCT2021Enhancing motor learning in people with stroke via memory reactivation during sleep.Rehabilitation psychologyPlaying sounds linked to a throwing task during a nap improved accuracy on that exact task in people with chronic stroke. The benefit was specific to the practiced targets and did not carry over to new targets or a different throwing task.
• PTRCT2021Efficacy of an exoskeleton-based physical therapy program for non-ambulatory patients during subacute stroke rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFor non-ambulatory subacute stroke patients, replacing most therapy sessions with exoskeleton training did not improve walking independence at discharge or 6 months versus usual care. Later checks in adherent participants suggested possible benefits, but the main result was null.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Association of physical and mental symptoms with cognition in people with spinal cord injury.Rehabilitation psychologyMost physical and mental symptoms did not correlate with objective cognitive test scores in people with spinal cord injury. Higher pain intensity was associated with worse attention. Anxiety and fatigue correlated with perceived cognitive dysfunction, but not necessarily with actual performance deficits.
• PTOTSLPCohort2021Acute Cortisol Profile Associations With Cognitive Impairment After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairAdults with severe traumatic brain injury who had consistently high serum or cerebrospinal fluid cortisol in the first five days scored significantly lower on memory and executive function tests six months later. These early hormone profiles may help identify patients at risk for long-term cognitive impairment.
• PTOTSLPRCT2021Kinect-based rapid movement training to improve balance recovery for stroke fall prevention: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationKinect-based rapid movement training improved balance scores in chronic stroke survivors, matching the gains seen with conventional physiotherapy. It did not, however, make participants faster at reacting to a simulated fall compared to standard care.
• PTOTPilot2021Association Between Sleep Duration and Functional Disability in Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation: A Pilot Observational Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationSleep duration and sleep efficiency were not shown to be linked to functional independence at discharge in stroke inpatient rehabilitation. Poor sleep was common, but the study did not show sleep changes affected function.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Discriminatory Capacity of the Physical Domain Versus the Full-Scale Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory With Traumatic Brain Injury Severity in Children.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationThe full Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory detects brain injury severity better than the physical domain alone. The physical score identifies moderate and severe cases but misses milder ones. Clinicians should use the full survey, which takes less than five minutes, for complete assessment.
• PTOTCohort2022Does the Duncan-Ely test predict abnormal activity of the rectus femoris in stroke survivors with a stiff knee gait?Journal of rehabilitation medicineThe Duncan-Ely test does not predict abnormal rectus femoris activity in stroke survivors with stiff knee gait. Resistance and hip flexion scores showed no correlation with EMG findings, performing no better than random guessing. Clinicians should stop using this test to guide treatment decisions.
• PTOTOther2022Construct Validity of the Upper-Limb Interlimb Coordination Test in Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairWhen movement speed was matched, the timing of both forearm movements was similar, but stroke participants scored lower on the Interlimb Coordination Test and used more trunk rotation and shoulder abduction. The test observes both arms together, not only the weaker arm.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2022Setting meaningful goals in rehabilitation: A qualitative study on the experiences of clients and clinicians in working with a practical tool.Clinical rehabilitationClients and clinicians described a global meaning session as helping them set a stable overall rehabilitation goal. This goal gave direction to specific therapy tasks and improved motivation. For some clients, this connection also supported actual behavior change.
• PTOTPilot2021Visual feedback improves movement illusions induced by tendon vibration after chronic stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationShowing a moving virtual hand on a screen made people with chronic stroke feel stronger illusions of movement when their wrist tendon was vibrated. This visual feedback worked even for those with severe motor deficits, suggesting it could help drive brain plasticity during rehabilitation.
• PTSystematic Review2021Smoothness metrics for reaching performance after stroke. Part 1: which one to choose?Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSPARC is the only smoothness metric that consistently worked across simulations of stroke reaching. Many common metrics failed to detect tremors or were skewed by movement speed. Use SPARC to accurately measure arm movement quality after stroke.
• PTOther2021Functional assessment of stretch hyperreflexia in children with cerebral palsy using treadmill perturbations.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationTreadmill perturbations during walking successfully evoked stretch reflexes in children with cerebral palsy. The protocol was feasible and distinguished the group with cerebral palsy from typically developing children at a group level, supporting its use for future research.
• PTOTOther2021Application of Inertial Measurement Units and Machine Learning Classification in Cerebral Palsy: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesCustom wrist sensors plus machine learning separated movement samples from children with CP from typical movement samples on a stop sign task, correctly classifying 85.75% of older samples and 88.13% of younger samples. This is a measurement method, not proof that therapy works.
• PTOther2021Insights into motor performance deficits after stroke: an automated and refined analysis of the lower-extremity motor coordination test (LEMOCOT).Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAutomated analysis of the lower-extremity motor coordination test reveals that people with stroke show greater error and variability than controls. These refined measures detect deficits in the non-paretic leg that the traditional touch-count score misses, offering a more detailed picture of motor control.
• PTOTCohort2022Differences in Cardiometabolic Comorbidities Between Black and White Persons Living With Multiple Sclerosis.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationBlack patients with MS were more likely than White patients to have high blood pressure and diabetes, and Black women had higher body mass index. These comorbidities were linked to MS disability in prior work, but this study could not track disease progression or timing.
• PTRCT2022Efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA with standardized physiotherapy for the treatment of pediatric lower limb spasticity: A randomized, placebo-controlled, phase III clinical trial.NeuroRehabilitationAdding onabotulinumtoxinA to standardized physical therapy lowered ankle spasticity more than placebo plus therapy in children with cerebral palsy; both 8 U/kg and 4 U/kg doses reduced tone over 12 weeks.
• PTOTSLPOther2022A delphi procedure on rehabilitation outcome for patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury; first phase of the Neurotraumatology Quality Registry (NET-QURE).Journal of rehabilitation medicineExperts agreed on specific outcome measures for 12 of 17 domains in moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. Consensus was reached for tools assessing quality of life, pain, anxiety, depression, communication, and activities of daily living.
• PTRCT2021Combination taping technique versus ankle foot orthosis on improving gait parameters in spastic cerebral palsy: A controlled randomized study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineIn children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy, adding either a solid AFO or combination taping to conventional physical therapy for 4 weeks improved walking speed, step length, stride length and single-limb support versus therapy alone. Cadence did not change.
• PTOTOther2021Usability and performance validation of an ultra-lightweight and versatile untethered robotic ankle exoskeleton.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA lightweight untethered ankle exoskeleton reduced energy cost during incline walking in healthy adults and increased stair-climbing distance in people with cerebral palsy. Users could don and calibrate the device independently in under five minutes.
• PTOTSystematic Review2021Resting motor threshold in the course of hand motor recovery after stroke: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationHigh resting motor threshold in the stroke-affected hemisphere tracks with severe hand disability. As hand function recovers, this threshold drops. The unaffected hemisphere's threshold showed no consistent link to impairment or recovery.
• PTOTPilot2021A novel upper-limb tracking system in a virtual environment for stroke rehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke patients using a new virtual reality system that tracks the entire arm and all fingers showed greater upper-limb motor improvement than those using conventional therapy or a hand-only tracking system. The full-body tracking also created a stronger sense of ownership over the virtual arm.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2021European evidence-based recommendations for clinical assessment of upper limb in neurorehabilitation (CAULIN): data synthesis from systematic reviews, clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFor neurological upper limb rehabilitation, CAULIN recommends Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity and Action Research Arm Test as core assessments, with added measures for patient-reported ability, movement quality, and real-life arm use.
• PTOTPilot2022Anorectal dysfunction in multiple sclerosis patients: A pilot study on the effect of an individualized rehabilitation approach.NeuroRehabilitationTen women with MS who completed a 10-week physiotherapy program plus self-treatment reported significantly less fecal incontinence on a subjective score. Objective anal pressure measurements showed no significant change, so the benefit was felt by patients but not confirmed by physical testing.
• PTOTRCT2022Reward During Arm Training Improves Impairment and Activity After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairThe primary measure of arm movement range showed no difference between groups. However, rewarded training led to significantly better scores on standard clinical tests of arm impairment and activity at three months.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2022Perceived work situation and work ability among persons who are working one year after stroke.Journal of rehabilitation medicineStroke survivors who returned to work within a year generally felt good about their jobs and abilities. They reported better work conditions than the general population, with most confident they could keep working for at least two more years.
• PTOTRCT2022Concurrent validity of an immersive virtual reality version of the Box and Block Test to assess manual dexterity among patients with stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA virtual reality version of the Box and Block Test correlates strongly with the physical test for stroke patients. Scores are lower in VR, so do not mix the two. It offers objective movement data and high usability for home monitoring.
• PTOTOther2022Pre-stroke physical activity in relation to post-stroke outcomes - linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF): A scoping review.Journal of rehabilitation medicineHigher physical activity before stroke was linked to better walking, independence, less depression and fatigue, and lower mortality in some studies, but some other studies found no link. The evidence is mostly observational, so cause cannot be inferred.
• PTOTCohort2022Accurate Prediction of Persistent Upper Extremity Impairment in Patients With Ischemic Stroke.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationA simple bedside score using age and standard stroke severity items predicts persistent arm impairment at 90 days. Scores calculated from discharge assessments were more accurate than those from 24 hours, offering a practical tool to identify patients likely to need long-term rehabilitation.
• PTOTCohort2021Prediction of robotic neurorehabilitation functional ambulatory outcome in patients with neurological disorders.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationEarly Lokomat settings predict gait recovery. Patients who reduced body weight support below 34% and guidance force below 70% by session 6 were more likely to improve walking independence. This model aids planning but requires larger validation before clinical use.
• PTOther2021Prediction and detection of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease from plantar pressure data using long short-term memory neural-networks.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPressure insoles plus a small neural network detected 343 of 361 lab freeze episodes in seven people with Parkinson's. It also identified some periods before freezes. The tiny sample makes this a feasibility signal, not a clinical tool.
• PTOTOther2021Automated and accurate assessment for postural abnormalities in patients with Parkinson's disease based on Kinect and machine learning.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA Kinect camera and machine learning system matched expert doctors' ratings of Parkinson's postural abnormalities with 90% accuracy. It offers a low-cost, non-contact way to objectively quantify bent posture severity, potentially replacing subjective clinical scales.