TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 34 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPCohort2021Characteristics Associated with the Use of an Inpatient Rehabilitation or Skilled Nursing Facility after Acute Care in Children with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.Developmental neurorehabilitationChildren with severe TBI in the UK had 93% lower odds of inpatient rehabilitation than US peers. Longer acute stays predicted home-based care. Younger children and African Americans in the US were less likely to be admitted to inpatient rehab, though these demographic findings were unadjusted.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Use of Mobile/Tablet and Web-Based Applications to Support Rehabilitation After Stroke: A Scoping Review.Journal of rehabilitation medicineStroke rehabilitation apps mostly supported assessment or training for mild to moderate, often chronic, survivors. Evidence was mainly feasibility and pilot studies, with little on goal setting, participation, severe stroke, or clinical effects.
• PTOTSLPMeta-Analysis2022Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation in modulating cortical excitability in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationLow-frequency stimulation to the unaffected side increased excitability in the damaged side and decreased it in the healthy side. High-frequency and intermittent theta burst also boosted the damaged side. Continuous theta burst showed no clear effect. These are neurophysiological changes, not proven functional gains.
• PTOTOther2022Fatigue is Associated with Reduced Participation and Health-Related Quality of Life Five Years After Perimesencephalic Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of rehabilitation medicine5 years after perimesencephalic subarachnoid haemorrhage, patients with fatigue reported less frequent participation, more restrictions, and worse quality of life. Fatigue severity stayed associated with these outcomes after depression, anxiety, hypertension and comorbidity were considered.
• PTOTSLPPilot2022Adaptive ankle exoskeleton gait training demonstrates acute neuromuscular and spatiotemporal benefits for individuals with cerebral palsy: A pilot study.Gait & postureSix people with cerebral palsy walked faster and took longer steps after training with an ankle exoskeleton. These improvements remained when walking without the device, suggesting the training helped them learn a more efficient pattern rather than just relying on the machine.
• PTOTCohort2022Predictive Equations Overestimate Resting Metabolic Rate in Survivors of Chronic Stroke.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationStandard equations overestimated resting metabolic rate in chronic stroke survivors by 9% to 60%. Using these predictions for calorie targets risks weight gain. Equations relying on lean body mass were most accurate, but all tested methods exceeded measured needs.
• PTOther2021Intra- and inter-rater reliability of Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Lower Extremity early after stroke.Brazilian journal of physical therapyThe Colombian Spanish FMA-LE rated leg movement after stroke reliably early in hospital. Between therapists, total score agreement was 75% to 80%. Within therapists, agreement was 69% to 87% when a 1-point difference was accepted.
• PTOTPilot2022Visually Induced Kinaesthetic Illusion Combined with Therapeutic Exercise for Patients with Chronic Stroke: A Pilot Study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineTen patients with chronic severe stroke improved finger movement, reduced wrist stiffness, and used their arm more after two weeks of visual illusion therapy followed by exercise. No control group means these gains cannot be attributed to the illusion alone.
• PTOTCohort2022Physical and occupational therapy utilization and associated factors among adults with cerebral palsy: Longitudinal modelling to capture distinct utilization groups.Disability and health journalIn Medicare claims, 41.5% of 17,441 adults with cerebral palsy used physical or occupational therapy over 3 years. The largest therapy user group had low use. Older age, Black race, and residence in the South were linked to less steady, frequent therapy.
• PTOTRCT2021Are Mobile Persons With Parkinson Disease Necessarily More Active?Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTCommunity mobility does not guarantee physical activity in Parkinson's disease. Walking steps predicted home and neighborhood movement but not travel beyond the neighborhood. Sedentary individuals were less mobile at home and in the neighborhood but similar to active individuals in town. Assess local mobility separately from total life-space scores.
• PTSurvey2021Sleep problems in children with cerebral palsy and their parents.Developmental medicine and child neurologyParents of children with cerebral palsy reported sleep problems more often than parents of typically developing children. Daytime tiredness, night waking, and discomfort in bed were reported more often in children with cerebral palsy, especially in children who could not walk.
• PTOTSLPRCT2021Surgery versus botulinum neurotoxin A to reduce drooling and improve daily life for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities: a randomized controlled trial.Developmental medicine and child neurologyBilateral submandibular duct ligation reduced drooling and daily care demands more effectively than botulinum toxin A at 8 and 32 weeks. Surgery caused more short-term adverse events but no long-term complications. It improved satisfaction with family relationships and life in general.
• PTOTOther2021Gait patterns in ischemic and hemorrhagic post-stroke patients with delayed access to physiotherapy.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoChronic stroke patients waiting for physiotherapy showed different recovery patterns based on stroke type. Ischemic stroke patients improved walking speed and muscle timing, but hemorrhagic patients showed little change. Neither group reported improved quality of life, suggesting late treatment has limited functional gains.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Ecological Momentary Assessment of Real-World Functional Behaviors in Individuals With Stroke: A Longitudinal Observational Study.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationStroke survivors spent a median 78% of sampled waking time at home and 27% in passive leisure, with only 4% in physical activities. EMA surveys tracked these real-world patterns reliably, showing higher adherence than prior stroke studies and strong agreement with standard symptom measures.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2022Caregiving, Participation, and Quality of Life of Closest Next of Kin of Persons Living with Spinal Cord Injury in Norway.Journal of rehabilitation medicineMost caregivers of people with spinal cord injury in Norway reported good quality of life and happiness in caring. However, one-quarter experienced high strain, especially emotional adjustment. Injury severity predicted practical help given, but not emotional burden or overall well-being.
• PTSurvey2022Perspectives From Persons With Multiple Sclerosis for a Comprehensive Real-World Change Therapy for Mobility.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationMost people with MS in this survey said they would accept the proposed leg therapy: 90% endorsed a free trial, and 65% to 90% accepted its key parts. The schedule was least accepted. This does not show the therapy improves walking.
• PTOTOther2021Development and Results of an Implementation Plan for High-Intensity Gait Training.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTAn implementation plan helped physiotherapists deliver high-intensity gait training in stroke rehab. Clinicians prioritized the training and reduced other interventions, while patients reported high satisfaction. Because there was no control group, this describes a process change rather than proving the plan caused improved walking.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022Overground robotic training effects on walking and secondary health conditions in individuals with spinal cord injury: systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationOverground exoskeleton training in spinal cord injury reported walking-speed improvements in small, low-quality studies, but the evidence was too inconsistent to show it beats usual therapy. Skin lesions, falls and fractures occurred.
• PTOther2022Fluid Cognition Relates to Locomotor Switching in Neurotypical Adults, Not Individuals After Stroke.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTAfter stroke, people had more difficulty switching back to their usual walking pattern after learning a new step length. Better problem solving in new situations related to better switching in adults without stroke, but not after stroke.
• PTOther2022The Association Between Actigraphy-Derived Behavioral Clusters and Self-Reported Fatigue in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: Cross-sectional Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesActigraphy identified three distinct behavioral clusters in persons with MS: one active, one sedentary with high fatigue, and one fragmented with high fatigability. These objective patterns separated groups better than self-reported fatigue scores alone.
• PTOTRCT2022Bimanual motor skill learning with robotics in chronic stroke: comparison between minimally impaired and moderately impaired patients, and healthy individuals.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChronic stroke patients learned a complex bimanual robotic task over three days, but moderate-impairment patients improved less than healthy controls. Minimal-impairment patients showed an intermediate progression and generalized less to a new path.
• PTCohort2022Individuals with Chronic Mild-to-Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury Exhibit Decreased Neuromuscular Complexity During Gait.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIndividuals with chronic traumatic brain injury used fewer muscle coordination patterns while walking than healthy controls. However, these complexity measures did not correlate with walking speed or clinical balance scores, so they cannot currently be used to gauge a patient's functional impairment.
• PTOTOther2021Between-site equivalence of turning speed assessments using inertial measurement units.Gait & postureTurning speed measured by sensors was equivalent across two sites for 6 of 21 outcomes. A custom clinical turning course showed the most consistency, while a one-minute walk test showed none. Site differences in environment may affect head and trunk measurements more than pelvis.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Spasticity-related pain in children/adolescents with cerebral palsy. Part 1: Prevalence and clinical characteristics from a pooled analysis.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineSpasticity-related pain is common in children with cerebral palsy, affecting over 80% of those with lower limb spasticity and nearly 70% with upper limb spasticity. Pain intensity increases with physical demand, being highest during exercises and hard tasks rather than at rest.
• PTOTOther2022Reliability and Validity of a New Diagnostic Device for Quantifying Hemiparetic Arm Impairments: An Exploratory Study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineA new robotic device reliably measures elbow strength, spasticity, and joint stiffness in stroke and CP patients. It matches clinical tests well for these areas. However, it is less accurate for measuring abnormal movement synergy, especially in adults with CP.
• PTOTSLPCase Series2022Dynamic Standing Exercise using the Innowalk Device in Patients with Genetic and Acquired Motor Impairments.Journal of rehabilitation medicineIn 46 patients with severe motor impairments, Innowalk dynamic standing was linked to reported improvements in joint mobility, body stability, and bowel function. No adverse effects were recorded. However, with no control group, these benefits cannot be separated from standard therapy.
• PTOTOther2022Mind your step: Target walking task reveals gait disturbance in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with incomplete spinal cord injury could step onto moving targets but moved their body center less smoothly than controls. Their ability to adapt worsened with higher injury levels, linking this lab task to real-world walking limitations.
• PTOTOther2022Physical activity and vascular comorbidity in Black and White persons with multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study.Disability and health journalBlack persons with MS accumulated less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity than white persons after accounting for socioeconomic and clinical differences. Moderate-to-vigorous activity correlated with fewer vascular comorbidities in white participants only. No such association was found for black participants.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Excess healthcare spending associated with fractures among adults with cerebral palsy.Disability and health journalAdults with cerebral palsy who fracture incur excess healthcare costs, largely in the first three months. Vertebral column fractures drove the highest costs for this group, unlike hip fractures in the general population. This highlights a critical window for post-fracture intervention.
• PTOTSLPOther2022Greater Cognitive-Motor Interference in Individuals Post-Stroke During More Complex Motor Tasks.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTPeople post-stroke slowed down significantly more than healthy adults during a dual-task Timed Up-and-Go, but their counting accuracy stayed stable. Healthy adults slowed down less but made more counting errors. The complex TUG reveals motor interference in stroke without cognitive cost.
• PTOTSLPPilot2022Perceptions of function and recovery among persons with stroke and care partners.Rehabilitation psychologyMost stroke survivors rated their recovery higher than their partners did, and partners often viewed daily tasks as harder for them. These gaps were linked to higher caregiver strain and depression. Screening both partners' perceptions helps identify couples at risk.
• PTCohort2021Genetic testing in individuals with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyWhole-exome sequencing found no significant difference in genetic diagnosis rates between people with CP and known risk factors (10/122; 8.20%) and those without (4/28; 14.3%). Trio testing had a higher diagnostic yield.
• PTOther2022A Novel Way of Measuring Dual-Task Interference: The Reliability and Construct Validity of the Dual-Task Effect Battery in Neurodegenerative Disease.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairA new dual-task battery was most consistent for combined motor and thinking decline. It separated Parkinson's and Alzheimer's groups from healthy adults, but not from each other.
• PTOTSLPPilot2022Usability of a two-way personalized mobile trainer system in a community-based exercise program for adults with chronic traumatic brain injury.Brain injuryTwenty adults with chronic traumatic brain injury completed a 3-month home exercise program supported by a mobile tracking app. They achieved 76% compliance, and 90% rated the program good or excellent, but exercise endurance did not significantly improve.
• PTCase Report2022OIDA: An optimal interval detection algorithm for automatized determination of stimulation patterns for FES-Cycling in individuals with SCI.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAn algorithm using a standard bike power-meter automatically found optimal stimulation intervals for FES-cycling in one person with complete spinal cord injury. This setup allowed autonomous cycling without manual tuning, potentially reducing fitting time and fatigue.
• PTRCT2022Early, Intensive, Lower Extremity Rehabilitation Shows Preliminary Efficacy After Perinatal Stroke: Results of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairChildren with perinatal stroke who started intensive lower extremity training right away improved gross motor function more than those who delayed training by 3 months. The gain averaged 3.4 GMFM-66 points after accounting for age.
• PTOTSurvey2022Self-reported parkinsonism features in older autistic adults: A descriptive study.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceOlder autistic adults without suspected intellectual disability often reported parkinsonism features such as stiffness and slowness. 16.9% in the Netherlands and 33% in the USA screened positive, compared with 2.6% estimated for parkinsonism in people over 65. This is screening, not diagnosis.
• PTOTCase Series2022Implanted Peroneal Nerve Stimulator Treatment for Drop Foot Caused by Central Nervous System Lesion: A Twelve-Month Follow-up of 21 Patients.Journal of rehabilitation medicinePatients with drop foot from central nervous system lesions reported high satisfaction and perceived performance gains after implanted peroneal nerve stimulation. Walking speed and endurance improved slightly. This was an uncontrolled study of 21 patients, so it shows what happened, not that the device caused the change.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Using the Multidimensional Model of Acceptance to Investigate How Different Facets of Acceptance are Related to Quality of Life Following Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAcceptance predicts quality of life in spinal cord injury even after controlling for depression and anxiety. Focusing on value-change and behavioural engagement matters most. Letting go of control showed weak links.
• PTOTOther2021Somatosensory deficits and neural correlates in cerebral palsy: a scoping review.Developmental medicine and child neurologyAcross 48 studies, most studies found tactile and proprioceptive deficits in people with cerebral palsy, often in both affected and less affected limbs; pain evidence was sparse and neuroimaging results were inconsistent.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2022White Paper by the European Society for Swallowing Disorders: Screening and Non-instrumental Assessment for Dysphagia in Adults.DysphagiaMany commonly used dysphagia screening tools and patient questionnaires have poor or unproven accuracy. The paper recommends stopping use of unvalidated measures and relying only on tools with strong evidence for the specific patient population being assessed.
• PTOther2022Quantifying intra- and interlimb use during unimanual and bimanual tasks in persons with hemiparesis post-stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWearable sensors detected that people with hemiparesis use their trunk to assist arm movement during tasks that should require both arms equally. This sensor data predicted clinical scores, offering a way to objectively measure compensatory movement patterns that observation-based tools may miss.
• PTOTCohort2021Effects of different baggage carrying methods on walking while wearing an arm sling in simulated hemiplegic stroke patients.Journal of physical therapy scienceWearing an arm sling and carrying a 1 kg bag restricted pelvic rotation and tilt compared to normal walking. The differences were small (less than 5°) and hard to see. This was tested in healthy adults simulating stroke, not actual patients.
• PTQualitative2021Experiences of Physical Therapists and Professional Leaders With Implementing a Toolkit to Advance Walking Assessment Poststroke: A Realist Evaluation.Physical therapyTherapists said implementation hinged on an onsite facilitator and a permanent walkway near treatment areas. Without these, acute-care staff saw no way to use the tests. In rehab settings, most adopted the 10-Meter Walk Test but skipped the 6-Minute version because finding 30 meters of safe space was too hard.
• PTOTCase-Control2022Individuals with Higher Levels of Physical Activity after Stroke Show Comparable Patterns of Myelin to Healthy Older Adults.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairStroke survivors who were more physically active showed brain myelin patterns comparable to healthy older adults, unlike those with low activity levels. This suggests physical activity may protect against myelin asymmetry after stroke, independent of motor impairment or arm use differences.
• PTOTQualitative2022Walking activities beyond gait training: Priorities in everyday life for parents and adolescents in pediatric neurorehabilitation.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineParents prioritized school group movement and obstacle navigation, while adolescents focused on independent public transport use. These distinct priorities suggest gait therapy goals should shift from normalizing movement patterns to practicing specific, meaningful daily activities for each age group.
• PTOTCohort2022Impairments in Cognitive Control Using a Reverse Visually Guided Reaching Task Following Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairMost stroke participants were impaired on a reverse reaching task, including with their less affected arm. A simple reaching test missed reverse-reaching problems in 27.1% of participants with the less affected arm.
• PTCohort2021Factors associated with balance impairments amongst stroke survivors in northern Benin: A cross-sectional study.The South African journal of physiotherapyIn 54 stroke survivors in Benin, 24.07% had balance impairments. Fewer physiotherapy sessions and greater disability severity were linked to worse balance. Age, sex and stroke type showed no significant association.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Risk factors for development of long-term mood and anxiety disorder after pediatric traumatic brain injury: a population-based, birth cohort analysis.Brain injuryChildren who sustained a traumatic brain injury at age 5 or older had a higher risk of developing anxiety or mood disorders by age 25 than those injured before age 5. Injury severity and other factors showed weaker or inconsistent associations.
• PTOther2022Automated freezing of gait assessment with marker-based motion capture and multi-stage spatial-temporal graph convolutional neural networks.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA motion-capture model detected freezing episodes in seven people with Parkinson's disease. It matched expert ratings closely for percent time frozen and less closely for episode count, but was tested only in a lab protocol.