TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 35 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPRCT2022Changes in Perceived Impact of Stroke on Everyday Life over Five Years in a Rehabilitation Sample that Received an Activity of Daily Living Intervention: A Follow-Up Study.Journal of rehabilitation medicineFive years after stroke, patients reported better participation in daily life than at three months, regardless of whether they received client-centred or usual ADL training. However, perceived impact on communication, mobility, and hand function worsened over time in the client-centred group.
• PTOTRCT2022Ankle-foot orthosis with an oil damper versus nonarticulated ankle-foot orthosis in the gait of patients with subacute stroke: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPatients walking with an ankle-foot orthosis that allows free upward movement (oil damper) showed greater ankle dorsiflexion during stance and swing compared to those with a rigid orthosis. This suggests the oil damper AFO may better preserve natural ankle mechanics in subacute stroke.
• PTOTOther2022Assessing Impairments in Visuomotor Adaptation After Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairStroke survivors adapt less to visual errors and need more practice than controls. Those with dominant-arm damage struggle most. Adaptation scores correlate with Fugl-Meyer and FIM, but clinical scales miss half the deficits, so motor learning issues may exist despite normal functional scores.
• PTOTPilot2022Surrogates for rigidity and PIGD MDS-UPDRS subscores using wearable sensors.Gait & postureIn 31 people with mild to moderate Parkinson's, wearable sensor data predicted clinical rigidity and postural instability scores. Rigidity was best estimated by the number of walking bouts, while postural instability required combining walking bouts, gait speed, and standing sway.
• PTOTCohort2022Baseline Predictors of Response to Repetitive Task Practice in Chronic Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairBaseline factors including non-dominant stroke side, longer time since stroke, better proprioception, faster movement times, lower grip strength, and specific genetics predicted improvement in chronic stroke patients undergoing robot-assisted therapy.
• PTCohort2022Free-living gait does not differentiate chronic mTBI patients compared to healthy controls.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with chronic mild TBI and self-reported balance problems walked no differently in daily life than healthy controls over up to 7 days of sensor wear. A waist sensor did not separate the groups.
• PTOTSystematic Review2022A systematic review opens the black box of "usual care" in stroke rehabilitation control groups and finds a black hole.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineStroke lower-limb trials rarely defined usual care. Only three of 155 studies said their control program followed specific guidelines, and 39 articles did not specify usual care. Check what the control group actually received before trusting a new treatment's benefit.
• PTOTCohort2022Cumulative Risk And Associated Factors For Fall-Related Fractures In Stroke Survivors After Discharge From Rehabilitation Wards: A Retrospective Study With A 6-Year Follow-Up.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAfter discharge from convalescent stroke rehabilitation, 13.7% had a fall-related fracture within 5 years. Female sex and moderate leg weakness at discharge were linked to higher fracture risk, especially in the first year.
• PTOTOther2022Wrist-based accelerometer cut-points for quantifying moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity in Parkinson's disease.Gait & posturePeople with Parkinson's need a wrist accelerometer cut-point of 2,883 counts per minute to flag moderate-to-vigorous activity, versus 4,389 for healthy adults. Using the standard higher threshold undercounts their activity because their movement is less efficient.
• PTPilot2022Soft robotic exosuit augmented high intensity gait training on stroke survivors: a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFive chronic stroke survivors walked faster and farther after 18 sessions of high-intensity training with a soft ankle exosuit. Gains exceeded clinically important thresholds. Without a control group, the specific contribution of the exosuit versus the intense walking practice remains unknown.
• PTOTOther2021Correlation between community balance and mobility scale (CB&M) with a battery of outcome measures to assess balance in Parkinson's disease - a cross-sectional study.Archives of physiotherapyIn Parkinson's, the CB&M correlated strongly with standard balance tests but exposed deficits they missed. The Berg Scale hit a ceiling, masking risk in early stages. Use CB&M to catch subtle, community-level balance problems before falls occur.
• PTSystematic Review2022Effects of control strategies on gait in robot-assisted post-stroke lower limb rehabilitation: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNo consistent gait outcome pattern matched exoskeleton control strategies after stroke. Most studies were small and technical, so this review does not show that any control strategy improves walking.
• PTOther2022Muscle contributions to pre-swing biomechanical tasks influence swing leg mechanics in individuals post-stroke during walking.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn 15 people post-stroke, more pre-swing vasti braking predicted less peak knee flexion during swing. Gastrocnemius contributions predicted propulsion asymmetry. Rectus femoris was not a primary knee extensor, and total musculotendon work on the paretic leg did not predict knee flexion.
• PTOTSLPMeta-Analysis2022New technologies promoting active upper limb rehabilitation after stroke: an overview and network meta-analysis.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineVirtual reality and robot-assisted therapy improved upper-limb motor function more than conventional therapy in both subacute and chronic stroke. Telerehabilitation matched conventional therapy. Choose robots for severe impairment early on, and virtual reality for milder cases or later stages.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022Machine learning methods for functional recovery prediction and prognosis in post-stroke rehabilitation: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationMost stroke prediction models rely on internal validation, not new data, so their real-world accuracy is unproven. High risk of bias and small sample sizes limit current tools. Clinicians cannot yet use these algorithms to confidently predict patient recovery.
• PTOTSLPCase Series2021Physique, range of motion, and gross muscle strength in hemiplegic para swimmers: a cross-sectional case series.Journal of physical therapy scienceHemiplegic swimmers showed significantly smaller arm circumference and restricted shoulder and ankle range of motion on their affected side compared to swimmers with vision impairment. They also had reduced lower-limb strength on their unaffected side and poor streamlined posture.
• PTNarrative Review2022Neurodynamics: is tension contentious?The Journal of manual & manipulative therapyThis paper reviews the biomechanics and potential benefits of nerve tensioning techniques. It argues that moderate tension may aid nerve health based on animal and lab studies, but explicitly states there is no clinical evidence that tensioning is superior to sliding techniques and warns that optimal dosage is unknown.
• PTOTCohort2022Investigating the underlying biomechanical mechanisms leading to falls in long-term ankle-foot orthosis and functional electrical stimulator users with chronic stroke.Gait & postureLong-term AFO and FES users with chronic stroke fell significantly more often than non-users during simulated trips. Wearing or removing the device made no difference to fall rates. The users' high fall risk stems from impaired trunk control and an inability to take a second step with the paretic leg.
• PTOTSurvey2022Physical Health Conditions in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury Across 21 Countries Worldwide.Journal of rehabilitation medicineSecondary health problems are near-universal after spinal cord injury, affecting 95.8% of people. Pain, spasticity, sexual dysfunction, and bowel issues were most common. Sexual dysfunction was rated as the most severe problem but had the lowest treatment rate, with only 16.2% of those reporting extreme problems receiving care.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2022Autoimmune Neurogenic Dysphagia.DysphagiaDysphagia can be the first sign of an autoimmune neurological disease like myasthenia gravis or inflammatory myopathy. Early identification allows for immunotherapy, which often resolves swallowing issues. Clinicians should maintain a high suspicion for autoimmune causes when dysphagia presents without a clear neurological history.
• PTRCT2022Spatiotemporal, kinematic and kinetic assessment of the effects of a foot drop stimulator for home-based rehabilitation of patients with chronic stroke: a randomized clinical trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding a foot drop stimulator to home walking training improved gait speed and stride length more than conventional home exercises alone. Both groups improved equally in clinical balance and lower limb motor function scores, so the device helped the mechanics of walking but not the overall clinical assessment.
• PTOTSLPCohort2022Relationship of Recovery of Contralesional Ankle Weakness With the Corticospinal and Corticoreticular Tracts in Stroke Patients.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationIn stroke patients with severe initial ankle weakness, good recovery was strongly linked to a higher number of nerve fibers in the contralesional corticoreticular tract. This suggests the undamaged side's reticular pathway supports ankle function when the primary motor pathway is completely injured.
• PTOTRCT2022Wearable airbag technology and machine learned models to mitigate falls after stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA fall detection algorithm trained on stroke survivors' movements detected more falls than one trained on healthy controls. This suggests commercial airbag devices, which often use general population data, may miss falls in stroke patients because their movement patterns are different.
• PTOTPilot2022Rehabilitation of Upper Extremity by Telerehabilitation Combined With Exergames in Survivors of Chronic Stroke: Preliminary Findings From a Feasibility Clinical Trial.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesHome-based VR games with clinician video supervision were feasible for 9 chronic stroke survivors. Two of four in the VR group improved motor function enough to be clinically meaningful, matching the conventional hand exercise group. Use requires basic computer skills or caregiver support.
• PTOTRCT2022Bilateral Movement-based Computer Games Improve Sensorimotor Functions in Subacute Stroke Survivors.Journal of rehabilitation medicineAdding 30 minutes of bilateral computer gaming to standard therapy improved arm movement and daily function in subacute stroke survivors more than video exercises alone. The gaming group showed greater gains in upper limb impairment and activity scores, with benefits lasting one month after treatment ended.
• PTOTOther2022Physical rehabilitation interventions in children with acquired brain injury: a scoping review.Developmental medicine and child neurologyNine studies mapped physical rehab for children with acquired brain injury, but none reported intervention intensity. While all showed positive body-function gains, the evidence is too heterogeneous to prove which treatments work best or how much practice is needed.
• PTOTOther2022Association Between Temporal Asymmetry and Muscle Synergy During Walking With Rhythmic Auditory Cueing in Survivors of Stroke Living With Impairments.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationListening to a metronome while walking immediately increased stance time on the weaker leg and improved step symmetry in stroke survivors. The change in stance time was the main factor linked to more complex muscle coordination, not changes in joint angles.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2022Use of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Measures in Clinical Research in Patients With Stroke: A Systematic Literature Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationPROMIS measures are widely used in stroke research but rarely follow international guidelines for timing or reporting. Most data comes from US outpatient clinics with high-functioning patients, and inconsistent scoring directions make comparing results across studies impossible.
• PTOTSurvey2022Risk Factors Associated With Falls and Fall-Related Injuries Among Wheelchair Users With Spinal Cord Injury.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationWheelchair users with spinal cord injury were more likely to report falls if their injury was more recent or if they had better mobility scores. Better physical quality of life was linked to fewer fall injuries.
• PTOTOther2021Development of an exercise programme for balance abilities in people with multiple sclerosis: a development of concept study using Rasch analysis.Archives of physiotherapyBalance exercises for multiple sclerosis are not one single skill. They split into three distinct types: standing still, shifting weight, and stepping or walking. Each type has its own difficulty scale, so you must pick exercises from the specific area your patient struggles with.
• PTCohort2022Use of the Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale (PAMS) in Children Receiving Inpatient Rehabilitation for Spinal Cord Related Paralysis.Developmental neurorehabilitationThe PAMS tracked mobility changes in 146 children with spinal cord disease or injury during inpatient rehabilitation, including young children and chronic injuries. Scores improved from admission to discharge, but this does not prove a treatment works.
• PTRCT2022Effectiveness of Motor Imagery Combined with Structured Progressive Circuit Class Training on Functional Mobility in Post-Stroke Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of rehabilitation medicineBoth groups improved, but motor imagery added to the same circuit training produced greater gains on some mobility outcomes than health education added to it. Because both groups received the same circuit training, motor imagery alone cannot be credited for the gains.
• PTOTOther2022TWIICE One powered exoskeleton: effect of design improvements on usability in daily life as measured by the performance in the CYBATHLON race.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationOne experienced pilot with spinal cord injury completed a daily-life obstacle course 40% faster with the updated TWIICE One exoskeleton. Design changes to the foot and control modes improved performance, but data from a single athlete cannot predict outcomes for typical patients.
• PTPilot2022Real-time feedback control of split-belt ratio to induce targeted step length asymmetry.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA feedback-controlled treadmill induced step length symmetry in 7 of 14 healthy adults wearing a leg-lengthening boot. The controller worked well when adjustments stayed within safe limits. This is a proof of concept; no stroke patients were tested and clinical effects are unknown.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2022Short and long-term effects of robot-assisted therapy on upper limb motor function and activity of daily living in patients post-stroke: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn adults after stroke, robot-assisted upper-limb training improved motor control and daily activity right after treatment compared with non-robotic therapy, but the advantage was not still present at follow-up.
• PTOTNarrative Review2022Soft robotics and functional electrical stimulation advances for restoring hand function in people with SCI: a narrative review, clinical guidelines and future directions.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSoft robotic gloves and functional electrical stimulation show promise for hand recovery in spinal cord injury, but most devices remain experimental prototypes with limited clinical validation. Clinicians should view these technologies as emerging aids rather than established treatments.
• PTOTRCT2022Myoelectric interface training enables targeted reduction in abnormal muscle co-activation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationMyoelectric training reduced abnormal muscle co-activation in responders, but only for the most severely coupled muscle pair. The overall number and composition of arm muscle synergies did not change, suggesting the brain adjusts specific muscle weights rather than rebuilding entire movement patterns.
• PTCohort2022Early motor outcomes in infants with critical congenital heart disease are related to neonatal brain development and brain injury.Developmental medicine and child neurologyAfter neonatal heart surgery, smaller cortical grey matter and cerebellum volumes were linked to poorer fine motor scores, and white matter injury to lower gross motor scores. Stroke affecting motor pathways showed early abnormalities, but only five infants.
• PTOTOther2022Application of a virtual reality tracker-based system to measure seated postural stability in stroke patients.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA virtual reality tracker gave fair to excellent repeat results for most seated sway measures, but quiet sitting was unreliable. It separated stroke patients from controls mainly on unstable surfaces and tracked clinical balance through trunk speed.
• PTOther2022Association of disease outcomes with physical activity in multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study.Rehabilitation psychologyIn 213 people with MS, less active people had worse walking endurance, more walking limitations, more depression and fatigue, and lower processing speed. The study did not test treatment.
• PTOTCase-Control2022Increased foot strike variability during turning in Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait.Gait & posturePeople with Parkinson's who freeze take shorter, wider turns with less foot contact and more variability. Freezing happens most often in the middle of a turn, where the body must change direction fastest, suggesting this phase is a key target for therapy.
• PTPilot2022Gait biofeedback training in people with Parkinson's disease: a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationVisual biofeedback reduced side-to-side trunk lean in people with Parkinson's disease, but the effect was not present at seven-day follow-up. During feedback, walking slowed and trunk and pelvis motion increased when adjusted for speed.
• PTOTRCT2022Intermittent theta burst stimulation modulates biceps brachii corticomotor excitability in individuals with tetraplegia.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIntermittent theta burst stimulation increased biceps excitability in people with tetraplegia but not in healthy controls. The response varied based on individual motor threshold ratios, suggesting this stimulation could prime the nervous system before therapy for some patients.
• PTOTPilot2022Development of a single device to quantify motor impairments of the elbow: proof of concept.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA robotic device measured elbow weakness, synergy, elasticity, and spasticity in ten stroke patients within one hour. Every patient showed at least one impairment outside the healthy range. The device is feasible for quantifying these deficits, but it is not yet proven reliable or valid.
• PTOTRCT2022Comparative Effectiveness of Robot-Assisted Training Versus Enhanced Upper Extremity Therapy on Upper and Lower Extremity for Stroke Survivors: A Multicentre Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of rehabilitation medicineRobot-assisted training was not better than enhanced occupational therapy for arm movement, but it did produce a small, likely non-clinical improvement in leg movement scores. Both groups improved equally in daily independence. The arm benefit was non-inferior, not superior, so robots are a substitute, not an upgrade.
• PTSystematic Review2022Physical Therapist Management of Parkinson Disease: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American Physical Therapy Association.Physical therapyPhysical therapists should prescribe aerobic, resistance, balance, and gait training early in Parkinson's disease. External cueing improves walking, and community-based exercise helps motor and non-motor symptoms. Telerehabilitation is a viable option for balance when in-person care is inaccessible.
• PTOther2022Physiotherapists perceived role in managing anxiety in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a mixed-methods study.Archives of physiotherapyPhysiotherapists said anxiety affects RRMS rehabilitation, but were less comfortable acting on disclosures. They used goal setting, relaxation and listening, and wanted more training and MDT support.
• PTOther2022Modelling Long-Term Outcomes and Risk of Death for Patients with Post-Stroke Spasticity Receiving Abobotulinumtoxina Treatment and Rehabilitation Therapy.Journal of rehabilitation medicineModelled post-stroke spasticity care suggested adding aboBoNT-A to rehabilitation may reduce all-cause mortality risk by 8.8% and be cost-effective in the UK, but this is a model, not tested in patients.
• PTOTCohort2022Relationships Among Environmental Variables, Physical Capacity, Balance Self-Efficacy, and Real-World Walking Activity Post-Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairLiving in a more deprived neighborhood was linked to fewer daily steps after stroke. This link was partly explained by lower balance confidence. Physical capacity did not change this relationship, and living situation showed no association.
• PTOTPilot2022Acceptability and deliverability of an auditory rhythmical cueing (ARC) training programme for use at home and outdoors to improve gait and physical activity post-stroke.Archives of physiotherapyStroke survivors safely completed a home and outdoor gait training programme using a low-cost metronome. They found the exercises easy to follow, felt safe, and all would recommend the programme, though it did not measure actual walking improvements.