TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 22 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTRCT2020Key components of mechanical work predict outcomes in robotic stroke therapy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThe main clinical arm score did not change meaningfully or relate to the mechanical work measures. In the 11 who trained with robot forces, braking shoulder motion and driving elbow flexion were linked to wider movement speeds.
• PTSurvey2020Is Symptomatic Fatigue Associated With Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors Among Persons With Multiple Sclerosis?Neurorehabilitation and neural repairAfter accounting for disability and education, fatigued and non-fatigued adults with MS no longer differed in light activity, harder activity, or sitting time. Unadjusted differences existed, but the groups also differed in disability and education.
• PTOTPilot2020Online compensation detecting for real-time reduction of compensatory motions during reaching: a pilot study with stroke survivors.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobot force feedback reduced trunk and shoulder compensation during seated reaching more than virtual-reality audiovisual feedback. This was a small feasibility pilot, not evidence of functional recovery.
• PTOTRCT2020The use of a task through virtual reality in cerebral palsy using two different interaction devices (concrete and abstract) - a cross-sectional randomized study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with cerebral palsy performed better on a virtual task using a motion sensor than a touchscreen, but could not transfer this skill to the touchscreen. The motion sensor allowed gross arm movements, bypassing the fine motor control that the touchscreen demands.
• PTOTRCT2020Composite active range of motion (CXA) and relationship with active function in upper and lower limb spastic paresis.Clinical rehabilitationComposite active range of motion tracked active function after botulinum toxin for spastic paresis only weakly to moderately. Range peaked at week 4, function at week 12. It may help measure movement, but it is not a simple stand-in for functional change.
• PTOTCase Report2020Robotic rehabilitation of the paralyzed upper limb for a stroke patient using the single-joint hybrid assistive limb: a case study assessed by accelerometer on the wrist.Journal of physical therapy scienceFor a stroke patient, accelerometer counts for the paralyzed left arm were higher after the HAL-SJ phase than before it, while standard arm tests showed no clinically important change. Usual PT, OT, and ST continued throughout, so HAL-SJ alone cannot be credited.
• PTOTRCT2020A new lower limb portable exoskeleton for gait assistance in neurological patients: a proof of concept study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFive stroke and MS patients tried a new knee exoskeleton. No falls occurred, but most walked slower with it than without. Users liked its comfort and safety but rated its effectiveness low. This is a safety test, not proof it helps walking.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2020Immediate and Sustained Effects of Interventions for Changing Physical Activity in People with Multiple Sclerosis: Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationInterventions significantly increased physical activity in people with multiple sclerosis, with behavioral coaching alone showing the largest effect. However, gains were smaller when measured by devices rather than self-report, and long-term maintenance data was limited.
• PTRCT2020Is Recovery of Somatosensory Impairment Conditional for Upper-Limb Motor Recovery Early After Stroke?Neurorehabilitation and neural repairUpper-limb motor and somatosensory recovery tracked together early after stroke, but the link disappeared once time since stroke was considered. Severe baseline sensory loss was not clearly linked to poorer motor recovery.
• PTOther2020Relationship between walking ability of patients with stroke and effect of body weight-supported treadmill training.Journal of physical therapy scienceFor people walking independently after stroke, a body weight-supported treadmill training session did not improve speed, steps, rate, symmetry, or sway at any unloading level tested. Higher unloading showed links between baseline walking ability and immediate changes.
• PTOTOther2020Transient changes in paretic and non-paretic isometric force control during bimanual submaximal and maximal contractions.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationDuring maximal bimanual wrist and finger extension, the paretic arm produced greater sustained force than unimanual. During submaximal tasks, bimanual conditions made force output less steady and more repetitive in both arms, with more change in the non-paretic arm.
• PTOther2020Reliability of ultrasonographic measurement of the supraspinatus thickness at different angles of shoulder abduction in patients with stroke.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 20 patients after stroke, ultrasound measurements of supraspinatus thickness on both sides were very repeatable when taken 24 hours apart at shoulder abduction of 0°, 30°, and 60°.
• PTOTRCT2020A Novel Wearable Device for Motor Recovery of Hand Function in Chronic Stroke Survivors.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairHome use of a device pairing electrical shocks with loud clicks improved hand grasp in chronic stroke survivors. The average gain was small, but responders showed clinically meaningful improvement. Other hand functions and strength did not change.
• PTRCT2020Lessons learned from conducting a pragmatic, randomized, crossover trial on robot-assisted gait training in children with cerebral palsy (PeLoGAIT).Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineRobot-assisted gait training did not improve a common walking ability test compared with usual care in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy. The trial stopped early, so this does not prove the robot does not help.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Factors influencing the amount of therapy received during inpatient stroke care: an analysis of data from the UK Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme.Clinical rehabilitationInpatient stroke patients received 14 minutes of physiotherapy per inpatient day on average, below the 45-minute guideline. More therapy was associated with specialist rehabilitation teams, weekend services, timely assessment, and higher staffing, but this audit did not test whether these factors caused more therapy.
• PTSystematic Review2020Systematic Review on Exercise Training as a Neuroplasticity-Inducing Behavior in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairExercise training improved some walking, balance, strength, or thinking outcomes in MS, but studies rarely showed matching brain changes linked to those gains. Evidence that exercise works through brain plasticity is too sparse and small to guide prescription.
• PTOTSLPRCT2020Task-Specific Versus Impairment-Based Training on Locomotor Performance in Individuals With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Crossover Study.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairTask-specific stepping training improved walking speed and endurance more than impairment-based exercises in people with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury. However, the stepping group experienced significantly more minor adverse events, including falls. Clinicians must weigh these gains against the increased fall risk and educate patients on safety.
• PTOTSLPOther2020Predictors of Arm Nonuse in Chronic Stroke: A Preliminary Investigation.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn 20 people with chronic stroke, attention and arousal deficits predicted non-use of the affected arm more strongly than the arm's physical capacity. This suggests that for patients who can move their arm but choose not to, addressing attentional engagement is critical.
• PTOther2020Augmenting propulsion demands during split-belt walking increases locomotor adaptation of asymmetric step lengths.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationInclining the treadmill during split-belt walking made step lengths more symmetric during and after training in 12 people with chronic stroke. It did not test whether overground walking improved.
• PTRCT2020Locomotor Kinematics and Kinetics Following High-Intensity Stepping Training in Variable Contexts Poststroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairHigh-intensity stepping training improved walking speed more than low-intensity training, but biomechanical changes were limited and varied by training type. Variable high-intensity training showed more paretic-limb joint power and coordination changes than low-intensity training.
• PTCohort2020Anteroposterior balance reactions in children with spastic cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyIn children with spastic CP who walked without aids, older children had to step at smaller forward treadmill pushes than typically developing peers; younger children did not differ. Backward pushes were similar.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Inpatient stroke rehabilitation: prediction of clinical outcomes using a machine-learning approach.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdmission scores on the FIM, Ten-Meter Walk, Six-Minute Walk and Berg Balance were the strongest predictors of discharge scores, stronger than age, sex or stroke details. The models were rough and built from 50 patients at one hospital.
• PTOTCohort2020Time Course of Wrist Hyper-Resistance in Relation to Upper Limb Motor Recovery Early Post Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPassive wrist resistance became higher in patients who could not extend their fingers early after stroke, while it stayed mostly stable in those who could.
• PTOTRCT2020Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation with virtual reality on upper limb function in patients with ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding real cathodal tDCS to VR and conventional occupational and physical therapy improved upper limb impairment after ischemic stroke more than sham tDCS with the same VR and conventional occupational and physical therapy in this small trial.
• PTOTOther2020Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation improves severe upper limb paresis in early acute phase stroke survivors.NeuroRehabilitationIn 19 adults with severe arm weakness after stroke, final FMA scores did not differ significantly between groups. The rPMS group had higher FMA score gain relative to treatment duration (2.65 versus 1.10).
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Driving after pediatric traumatic brain injury: Impact of distraction and executive functioning.Rehabilitation psychologyA history of pediatric TBI did not independently worsen simulated driving. Instead, executive functioning deficits drove poor vehicle control and speed variability. Texting impaired driving for all participants, while hands-free conversation did not.
• PTSLPOther2020Attentional prioritization in dual-task walking: Effects of stroke, environment, and instructed focus.Gait & postureTalking while walking slowed gait speed in adults with and without stroke, and people could not reliably shift attention to protect walking as instructed. For adults with stroke, the walking cost was larger, but a busy lobby did not add a clinically important effect.
• PTOTRCT2020Intense and unpredictable perturbations during gait training improve dynamic balance abilities in chronic hemiparetic individuals: a randomized controlled pilot trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding intense, unpredictable perturbations to treadmill walking improved dynamic balance and gait speed in people with chronic stroke. Walking alone did not help. The perturbation group gained more balance than the control group, but the study was small and short.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2020Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with physical or cognitive training in people with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding tDCS to physical or cognitive therapy showed inconsistent benefits. Cognition and upper limb function improved in some trials, but gait and motor symptoms showed no clear advantage over sham stimulation. Small study sizes and varied protocols limit confidence in these findings.
• PTOther2020Relationship between Nintendo's Wii balance board derived variables and clinical balance scores in individuals with stroke.Gait & postureWii Balance Board weight-symmetry and target-movement measures showed no useful match with Berg Balance Scale or Mini-BESTest scores in chronic stroke. Only very small links appeared, so the board should not be read as a substitute for clinical balance tests.
• PTOTCohort2020Upper limb kinematics during the first year after stroke: the stroke arm longitudinal study at the University of Gothenburg (SALGOT).Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAfter stroke, movement time and hand speed approached healthy performance by 3 months, but elbow speed, arm lifting away from the body and trunk lean stayed impaired through 12 months.
• PTOTSLPRCT2020A comparison of two personalization and adaptive cognitive rehabilitation approaches: a randomized controlled trial with chronic stroke patients.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationVirtual reality cognitive training improved general cognition more than paper-and-pencil tasks in chronic stroke patients. However, the VR group also used their affected arm for motor tasks, so the benefit may come from combined motor-cognitive training rather than VR alone.
• PTOTRCT2020Neurophysiological signatures of hand motor response to dual-transcranial direct current stimulation in subacute stroke: a TMS and MEG study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationDual tDCS shifted brain activity in subacute stroke patients: it increased excitability in the damaged-side motor cortex and decreased it in the healthy-side cortex. These neurophysiological changes mirrored those in healthy controls and correlated with the patients' existing hand function.
• PTRCT2020Effects of interactive video-game-based exercise on balance in older adults with mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationHospital-based supervised video-game stepping training improved Berg Balance Scale scores in the group that did it second, but not in the group that did it first, in 24 older adults with mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Effects of nutritional status on prognosis in patients with severe hemiplegia who were recently admitted to a rehabilitation hospital.Journal of physical therapy sciencePatients with severe hemiplegia who had normal serum albumin levels at admission achieved better walking ability and daily living independence at discharge than undernourished patients. However, age and time since stroke onset differed significantly between the two groups.
• PTOTOther2020Quantitative clinical assessment of motor function during and following LSVT-BIG® therapy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWearable sensors showed that LSVT-BIG therapy improved walking speed, sit-to-stand times, and Timed-Up-and-Go scores in people with Parkinson's. These gains remained stable for 13 weeks after therapy ended. However, there was no improvement in balance or fine finger movements.
• PTOther2020Indirect measurement of anterior-posterior ground reaction forces using a minimal set of wearable inertial sensors: from healthy to hemiparetic walking.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThree wearable sensors on the pelvis, thigh and shank, plus a person-specific model, closely estimated walking propulsion and braking forces compared with forceplates in 10 healthy and 5 post-stroke walkers. The method still needs forceplate training.
• PTRCT2020The ReWalk ReStore™ soft robotic exosuit: a multi-site clinical trial of the safety, reliability, and feasibility of exosuit-augmented post-stroke gait rehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationUsing a soft robotic exosuit for gait training was safe and feasible for stroke patients when supervised by physical therapists. After five sessions, patients walked faster both with and without the device. This pilot shows the technology works in clinics, but it does not prove the device improves long-term walking.
• PTRCT2020Effect of home-based Tai Chi, Yoga or conventional balance exercise on functional balance and mobility among persons with idiopathic Parkinson's disease: An experimental study.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoThere was no significant difference between home-based Tai Chi, Yoga and conventional balance exercise for balance and mobility in 27 people with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease, though all three improved over eight weeks.
• PTOTPilot2020Web-Based Health Coaching for Spinal Cord Injury: Results From a Mixed Methods Feasibility Evaluation.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesEleven people with spinal cord injury completed a web-based peer coaching program, but none of the changes in self-efficacy, mood or secondary conditions reached significance. The authors report feasibility, not proof the intervention works.
• PTOTSystematic Review2020Systematic review with network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of robotic-assisted arm training for improving activities of daily living and upper limb function after stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNo robotic arm training type improved daily living or arm function significantly more than others. Indirect comparisons found no clear evidence to support choosing one specific device over another for stroke recovery.
• PTOTRCT2020Gait improvements by assisting hip movements with the robot in children with cerebral palsy: a pilot randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFive minutes of hip-assistive robot training improved hip movement symmetry and push-off force in children with cerebral palsy, but did not increase walking speed. The benefits were temporary and seen only after the robot was removed.
• PTOTRCT2020Effects of virtual reality associated with serious games for upper limb rehabilitation inpatients with multiple sclerosis: randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding Leap Motion virtual games to usual upper-limb therapy improved dexterity and coordination on the more affected side in MS, but not grip strength, fatigue, or quality of life compared with control.
• PTOTRCT2020Timing-dependent effects of transcranial direct current stimulation with mirror therapy on daily function and motor control in chronic stroke: a randomized controlled pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationApplying tDCS before mirror therapy improved daily activities more than doing them together or with sham. However, motor function improved similarly in all three groups, so the brain stimulation did not add benefit to physical movement recovery.
• PTOther2020Characteristics of selective motor control of the lower extremity in adults with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 11 adults with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy, lower limb movement control was worse at the ankle, subtalar joint, and toes than at hips and knees. Control scores related to overall mobility level, but not to stiffness or joint range.
• PTQualitative2020Exploring Physiotherapists' Use of Motor Learning Strategies in Gait-Based Interventions for Children with Cerebral Palsy.Physical & occupational therapy in pediatricsEight physiotherapists said child characteristics and each child's response drove their gait-strategy choices. They adapted cues and task progression during sessions, but used inconsistent language for the same strategies.
• PTOTOther2020Assessment of dynamic balancing responses following perturbations during slow walking in relation to clinical outcome measures for high-functioning post-stroke subjects.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn slow walking, 44% of stroke subjects fell outside the healthy response range for forward pushes and 27% for backward pushes; outward pushes also showed impaired responses, while inward pushes mostly did not. Routine tests related only to forward pushes.
• PTCohort2020Effect of pain on mood affective disorders in adults with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyAdults with cerebral palsy who had pain claims had higher 12-month rates of new mood affective disorder claims than adults without pain claims. New pain and consistent pain looked similar. This is an association, not proof that pain causes mood disorders.
• PTOTSLPOther2020Robotic assessment of rapid motor decision making in children with perinatal stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with hemiparetic cerebral palsy made more errors on a robotic task requiring rapid decisions to hit targets and avoid distractors. They hit fewer targets and more distractors than typically developing peers, showing impairments in both motor skills and inhibitory control.
• PTOTPilot2020Pilot study on comparisons between the effectiveness of mobile video-guided and paper-based home exercise programs on improving exercise adherence, self-efficacy for exercise and functional outcomes of patients with stroke with 3-month follow-up: A single-blind randomized controlled trial.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoStroke patients given home exercises via QR-code videos on their phones had better adherence, confidence, and walking ability after three months than those given paper pamphlets. Daily living skills did not improve more with videos. The video group started with higher function, so this pilot needs a larger trial before changing practice.