TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 21 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTCohort2020Influence of Prior and Intercurrent Brain Injury on 5-Year Outcome Trajectories After Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationPrior and later moderate to severe injuries did not change the recovery course after moderate to severe TBI, but they were linked to worse function over five years. Mild injuries showed no such link.
• PTRCT2020Effects of robot therapy on upper body kinematics and arm function in persons post stroke: a pilot randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationArm function did not differ between robot therapy and arm-specific physiotherapy. Robot therapy improved shoulder-elbow coordination more, but the study was small.
• PTNarrative Review2020The Role of Physical Therapists in Fighting the Type 2 Diabetes Epidemic.The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapyNo new study findings are reported. This is a clinical commentary for physical therapists about type 2 diabetes. It summarizes risk, complications, and recommendations, not tested interventions.
• PTOTCohort2020Central Drive to the Paretic Ankle Plantarflexors Affects the Relationship Between Propulsion and Walking Speed After Stroke.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTIn people with chronic stroke, the brain's ability to drive the paretic calf muscles, not just their raw strength, predicts how well they push off during walking. Clinicians should assess central drive to identify patients who may benefit from interventions targeting neural activation rather than just muscle strengthening.
• PTOTOther2020Human arm weight compensation in rehabilitation robotics: efficacy of three distinct methods.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThe Equilibrium method reduced muscle effort significantly more than the Average and Full methods in healthy subjects. In three stroke patients, it increased horizontal workspace compared to no support, though results varied by arm height and individual.
• PTCohort2020Quantifying dosage of physical therapy using lower body kinematics: a longitudinal pilot study on early post-stroke individuals.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn six early post-stroke patients, total lower-body joint motion during therapy tracked gait speed more closely than step count, time, task variety, or heart-rate change. This is an association, not proof that more motion improves recovery.
• PTOther2019Effects of dorsiflexor functional electrical stimulation compared to an ankle/foot orthosis on stroke-related genu recurvatum gait.Journal of physical therapy scienceFES increased ankle dorsiflexion and knee flexion at initial contact compared to barefoot walking and an AFO. However, it did not correct knee hyperextension during mid-stance, and gait speed, step length, and stride length did not change.
• PTRCT2020Group-based music intervention in Parkinson's disease - findings from a mixed-methods study.Clinical rehabilitationThe primary dual-task walking outcome did not improve with group music therapy versus usual care. At three months, self-reported quality of life and fear of falling favoured intervention, but the trial was small and underpowered.
• PTOTCase-Control2020Assessment of bilateral motor skills and visuospatial attention in children with perinatal stroke using a robotic object hitting task.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with perinatal stroke hit fewer balls than peers with both hands, especially after arterial ischemic stroke. The unaffected hand also showed fewer hits, and attention test scores related to performance.
• PTOther2019Enhancement of walking ability using a custom-made hinged knee brace in patients who experienced ambient stroke and are in the acute phase.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn people walking soon after stroke, a hinged knee brace with adjustable rubber tubes gave faster walking than no brace or a general hinged knee brace when set to each person's best tube combination. The effect was measured only during short parallel-bar walking.
• PTSurvey2020The relationship between Parkinson's disease symptoms and caregiver quality of life.Rehabilitation psychologyParkinson's symptoms were linked to lower caregiver quality of life, especially mobility problems, emotional well-being, and non-motor symptoms. Female caregivers and caregivers of male patients reported more strain, anxiety, and depression.
• PTOTOther2020Oxygen Cost During Walking in Individuals With Stroke: Hemiparesis Versus Cerebellar Ataxia.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairStroke survivors with cerebellar ataxia cost more oxygen per meter walking than hemiparetic survivors when walking faster than 0.4 m/s. Their oxygen cost increased as ataxia severity increased. Fatigue may limit community walking.
• PTOTOther2019Immediate effects of a novel walking assist device with auxiliary illuminator on patients after acute strokes.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoAdding a laser guide to a quad-cane increased the heel-strike angle in stroke patients. This suggests better foot placement at initial contact. However, the device did not improve walking speed, stride length, or cadence in the overall group.
• PTOTSLPCohort2019Walking velocity and modified rivermead mobility index as discriminatory measures for functional ambulation classification of chronic stroke patients.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoMaximum walking speed above 0.92 m/s and modified Rivermead Mobility Index scores above 26.5 accurately identified chronic stroke patients capable of outdoor ambulation. These simple measures help therapists distinguish high-level walkers from those needing assistance without relying solely on observation.
• PTOTNarrative Review2019Post-stroke motor recovery and cortical organization following Constraint-Induced Movement Therapies: a literature review.Journal of physical therapy scienceConstraint-induced movement therapy improves arm use in chronic stroke patients, but brain changes are inconsistent across studies. Modified versions are feasible and effective, yet lack long-term follow-up data to prove sustained gains.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020The Longitudinal Effects of Comorbid Health Burden on Functional Outcomes for Adults With Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationAmong 10-year survivors of moderate to severe TBI, higher physical burden was associated with worse motor, cognitive, and life satisfaction trajectories; higher mental burden was associated with worse cognition and life satisfaction.
• PTOTCohort2020Neurosensory Screening and Symptom Provocation in Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationChildren about one week after mild head injury had higher symptom ratings and more symptom increase during neurosensory tests than healthy peers. But test scores did not reliably identify individual injured children; they improved prediction of persistent symptoms at four months.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Implementation of a gait center training to improve walking ability and vital parameters in inpatient neurological rehabilitation- a cohort study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn this large cohort, patients who could not walk at admission gained the most walking ability. However, vital capacity improved only in those who could not walk, and blood pressure did not change. Gait center training may help non-ambulatory patients regain mobility.
• PTOTSLPRCT2020Changes in leg cycling muscle synergies after training augmented by functional electrical stimulation in subacute stroke survivors: a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNine subacute stroke survivors improved clinically and in cycling work after three weeks of FES-cycling. However, the number of muscle synergies did not increase, and changes were not compared to usual care alone. You cannot attribute these gains specifically to the electrical stimulation.
• PTOTSLPPilot2020Adaptive multichannel FES neuroprosthesis with learning control and automatic gait assessment.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFour people with spinal cord injury tested a learning electrical stimulation device. Two felt it helped and showed small angle changes, but one had technical failures and one could not tolerate the stimulation. It is not yet a usable clinical tool.
• PTQualitative2020Perspectives on the prospective development of stroke-specific lower extremity wearable monitoring technology: a qualitative focus group study with physical therapists and individuals with stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPhysical therapists want stroke-specific wearable technology to measure gait quality and home activity, not just step counts. They require devices that are small, easy to use with one hand, and provide clear feedback. Cost and setup time are major barriers to adoption.
• PTOTOther2020Survivors of Chronic Stroke Experience Continued Impairment of Dexterity But Not Strength in the Nonparetic Upper Limb.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn chronic stroke survivors with severe paretic hand impairment, the nonparetic hand showed impaired dexterity but not grip strength, despite long reliance on that limb.
• PTRCT2020Electrical interferential current stimulation versus electrical acupuncture in management of hemiplegic shoulder pain and disability following ischemic stroke-a randomized clinical trial.Archives of physiotherapyAfter stroke shoulder pain, electroacupuncture reduced pain more than interferential current, while interferential current improved shoulder function and active abduction more. Both were added to heat and exercises.
• PTRCT2020Cognitively Challenging Agility Boot Camp Program for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson Disease.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairObjective freezing during turning did not change overall after the multi-station exercise program with cognitive challenges, but self-reported freezing improved. Walking under dual task, balance, and brain connectivity changed after exercise, not after education.
• PTOTSLPRCT2020Adaptive conjunctive cognitive training (ACCT) in virtual reality for chronic stroke patients: a randomized controlled pilot trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA VR cognitive training program showed within-group improvements in attention and spatial awareness for chronic stroke patients. However, there was no significant difference compared to home-based paper-and-pencil exercises, and the authors state they cannot claim a rehabilitation effect.
• PTOTRCT2020Home-based rehabilitation using a soft robotic hand glove device leads to improvement in hand function in people with chronic spinal cord injury:a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with chronic spinal cord injury who wore a soft robotic glove at home for 12 weeks improved their hand function and grip strength. These gains remained six weeks after they stopped using the device. The study had no control group.
• PTOTRCT2020Adding Contralaterally Controlled Electrical Stimulation of the Triceps to Contralaterally Controlled Functional Electrical Stimulation of the Finger Extensors Reduces Upper Limb Impairment and Improves Reachable Workspace but not Dexterity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationAdding triceps stimulation to hand-focused electrical therapy improved arm reach and reduced impairment, but did not improve hand dexterity or perceived daily use compared to hand therapy alone. The added component helps reach, not fine motor control.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2020Instrumented assessment of motor function in dyskinetic cerebral palsy: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA systematic review of 49 studies found that while sensors and motion capture can measure movement in dyskinetic cerebral palsy, most methods require the child to understand instructions and move voluntarily. This excludes the 70-80% who are non-ambulatory and severely impaired, leaving no validated tools for them.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020How do patients pass through stroke services? Identifying stroke care pathways using national audit data.Clinical rehabilitationPatients discharged to community rehabilitation had relatively mild strokes yet the highest therapy demand. Stroke care routes varied widely, and direct discharge included many mild and very severe strokes and 27% mortality.
• PTOTCohort2020Obesity and diabetes are jointly associated with functional disability in stroke survivors.Disability and health journalStroke survivors with both obesity and diabetes had 2.62 times higher adjusted odds of functional disability compared to those with neither condition. Having either condition alone also increased odds. This suggests that managing weight and blood sugar is critical for preserving mobility and self-care after a stroke.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2020Parent preferences for neurodevelopmental screening in the neonatal intensive care unit.Developmental medicine and child neurologyMost NICU parents wanted neurodevelopmental screening to plan for the future, but they insisted on autonomy to refuse. They asked for clear explanations of test accuracy and emotional support before results. Parents prioritized cognitive and independence outcomes over motor skills.
• PTCohort2020Machine Learning Methods Predict Individual Upper-Limb Motor Impairment Following Therapy in Chronic Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairMachine learning predicted a chronic stroke patient's post-therapy upper-limb score better than it predicted whether they would make a clinically meaningful gain. Baseline arm score and a brain-stimulation measure of motor threshold were the strongest predictors.
• PTOTRCT2020Comparison between Erigo tilt-table exercise and conventional physiotherapy exercises in acute stroke patients: a randomized trial.Archives of physiotherapyErigo tilt-table therapy improved quality of life, lower limb strength, and stroke severity scores more than conventional physiotherapy at 90 days. Both groups improved over time, but the tilt-table group showed greater gains in these specific areas.
• PTOther2019Clinical assessment of motor imagery and physical function in mild stroke patients.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 16 mild stroke patients who could walk, imagining a 10 m walk closely matched actual walking time, and both tracked leg impairment, sensation and daily independence. This may aid assessment, not show that a treatment works.
• PTOTSLPPilot2019Immediate effects of lumbar spine patterns after neuromuscular joint facilitation on balance in stroke patients.Journal of physical therapy scienceA single session of lumbar spine joint facilitation improved functional reach and reduced body sway in 14 stroke patients compared with rest. The effect lasted only immediately after treatment, and the small sample means these results are preliminary.
• PTOTSLPCohort2020Six-month reviews for stroke survivors: a study of the modified Greater Manchester Stroke Assessment Tool with care home residents.Clinical rehabilitationSix-month stroke reviews using the modified GM-SAT in care homes took an average of 51 minutes, were viewed as acceptable, and found many unmet needs. Action plans often did not make clear who would follow them up.
• PTOTNarrative Review2020Advances in neuroprosthetic management of foot drop: a review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeroneal nerve stimulation can improve foot clearance and walking speed in non-progressive conditions like stroke. However, it does not replace conventional treatment, and commercial devices still struggle to adapt to muscle fatigue or varied real-world terrain.
• PTRCT2020Characteristics of dynamic standing balance with and without an insole in patients with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 11 patients with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy, custom insoles did not change the index of postural stability compared with barefoot. Side-to-side movement increased, but that was one balance measure.
• PTSystematic Review2020Assessing participation of children with acquired brain injury and cerebral palsy: a systematic review of measurement properties.Developmental medicine and child neurologyOnly 12 of 37 tools used to measure participation in children with brain injury or cerebral palsy align with attendance or involvement. Evidence that they work well in these children is limited, so match the tool to the clinical question.
• PTOther2020Exploring the effects of deep brain stimulation and vision on tremor in Parkinson's disease - benefits from objective methods.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationObjective force-platform and motion-capture tests detected Parkinsonian tremor in 9 of 10 patients, including 3 missed by standard clinical scoring. Turning deep brain stimulation on greatly reduced recorded tremor amplitude. Eyes open had smaller effects.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2020Immediate and long-term effects of BCI-based rehabilitation of the upper extremity after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationLong-term upper-limb function after stroke did not show a clear BCI benefit over control at follow-up. BCI training did show immediate improvement compared with control interventions.
• PTPilot2020The effect of a novel thoracolumbar brace on spinal alignment in Parkinson's disease: a pilot study.Journal of physical therapy scienceNine of ten people with Parkinson's disease had at least one posture change while wearing a thoracolumbar brace, but balance measures did not change at the group level. This pilot does not show the brace improves function.
• PTCase Report2020Sum of phase-shifted sinusoids stimulation prolongs paralyzed muscle output.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn one person with spinal cord injury, phase-shifted electrical stimulation to knee extensors maintained knee extension force longer than constant stimulation, and closed-loop control made the force steadier. This was seated isometric knee extension testing, not standing.
• PTOther2020Enriched, Task-Specific Therapy in the Chronic Phase After Stroke: An Exploratory Study.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTA combined high-dose, task-specific program with physical therapy, speech therapy when needed, outdoor activities, excursions, social interaction, and cognitive and sensory stimulation improved motor function by 2.3 points on a 55-point scale after three weeks. Gains persisted six months. No control group weakens causation.
• PTRCT2020Robotic therapy for the hemiplegic shoulder pain: a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobotic shoulder therapy was associated with faster pain relief and larger gains in shoulder movement than conventional therapy, but this small pilot does not prove it works.
• PTProtocol2019Methods for an Investigation of Neurophysiological and Kinematic Predictors of Response to Upper Extremity Repetitive Task Practice in Chronic Stroke.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translationNo predictors of arm recovery have been reported yet. This planned chronic stroke study gives all participants the same robot-assisted arm therapy and will test whether baseline measures predict a 4-point rise on the 66-point arm movement score.
• PTOTCohort2020β-Oscillations Reflect Recovery of the Paretic Upper Limb in Subacute Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn subacute stroke, beta activity in the lesion-side motor cortex was low early and rose with recovery. Early post-movement beta activity related to 3-month arm scores, but not independently after baseline scores.
• PTOther2020Gait asymmetry pattern following stroke determines acute response to locomotor task.Gait & postureStroke survivors with different step-length asymmetries responded differently to treadmill walking, body-weight support, and guidance of the less affected leg. The first two did not improve symmetry. Guidance sometimes improved timing or step length, but effects varied.
• PTOTSLPOther2020Role of data measurement characteristics in the accurate detection of Parkinson's disease symptoms using wearable sensors.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationWearable sensors can detect Parkinson's tremor and slowness using simpler data. A 30 Hz sampling rate and basic features captured symptoms as well as high-resolution settings, allowing devices to run longer without losing accuracy.
• PTRCT2020Supporting front crawl swimming in paraplegics using electrical stimulation: a feasibility study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationTwo proficient front-crawl swimmers with complete lower-limb paralysis reduced 16-m lap times with functional electrical stimulation, and further with added spinal-cord stimulation. They reported spasticity relief for up to 4 hours after sessions with both stimulations.