TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

3,875 PAPERS · PAGE 18 OF 78 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTRCT2019Development of a training paradigm for voluntary control of the peri-auricular muscles: a feasibility study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSix of ten non-disabled adults who finished the protocol learned to move their ears and control all three games. Four did not. Without a control group, this is feasibility, not proof of effectiveness.
• PTOTOther2019Prevalence and goal attainment with spinal orthoses for children with cerebral palsy.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineOnly 251 of 2800 children with CP used spinal orthoses, mostly for function. Functional goals were often attained, but 37% of children with severe scoliosis who had that goal attained deformity prevention.
• PTOther2019Modulation of anticipatory postural adjustments using a powered ankle orthosis in people with Parkinson's disease and freezing of gait.Gait & postureWearing a powered ankle orthosis made the body's preparatory movements before stepping larger, faster, and more consistent in people with Parkinson's disease and freezing of gait. Adding an acoustic cue to the device produced the strongest improvements in these balance shifts.
• PTOTOther2019Coordination of reach-to-grasp in physical and haptic-free virtual environments.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationThirteen healthy adults reached and grasped objects in a virtual environment without haptic feedback. They moved slower and opened their hands wider than in the physical world. However, the coordination between reaching and grasping remained intact.
• PTNarrative Review2019Current stroke rehabilitation services and physiotherapy research in South Africa.The South African journal of physiotherapySouth African stroke rehabilitation faces transport and service barriers. Task-oriented circuit gait training and a multidisciplinary workplace intervention improved walking or return to work in trials, while caregiver education alone and pictorial home exercise prescriptions did not.
• PTOTOther2019What is the impact of user affect on motor learning in virtual environments after stroke? A scoping review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationVirtual reality and active video gaming stroke studies often mention motivation, enjoyment, engagement, immersion, or presence, but only 50 of 155 measured them. No study tested whether these experiences were connected to motor learning, so their impact remains unknown.
• PTOTSLPOther2019Sleep problems contribute to post-concussive symptoms in service members with a history of mild traumatic brain injury without posttraumatic stress disorder or major depressive disorder.NeuroRehabilitationIn service members with remote mild TBI, sleep problems were linked to post-concussive symptoms mainly when PTSD or depression was absent. Daytime dysfunction and nighttime disruptions were associated with somatosensory symptoms, not cognitive or balance symptoms.
• PTOther2019Development and clinical validation of inertial sensor-based gait-clustering methods in Parkinson's disease.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSplitting a Parkinson's gait walk into straight walking, start/stop/turn transitions, and turns helped shoe sensors separate patients with gait or balance impairment from those without, better than using all straight strides together.
• PTOTCohort2019End-point kinematics using virtual reality explaining upper limb impairment and activity capacity in stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationMovement speed and smoothness from a virtual pointing task tracked some upper limb impairment and activity capacity after stroke, but only partly matched standard clinical scores. Use them as added information, not as a replacement.
• PTOTRCT2019Combining Fluoxetine and rTMS in Poststroke Motor Recovery: A Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Randomized Phase 2 Clinical Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairCombining low-frequency rTMS with fluoxetine improved hand function speed significantly more than either fluoxetine or placebo alone. However, the fluoxetine-only group actually performed worse than the placebo group. The benefit likely came from rTMS overcoming potential negative effects of the drug, not from synergy.
• PTRCT2019Long-term use of implanted peroneal functional electrical stimulation for stroke-affected gait: the effects on muscle and motor nerve.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationOne year of implanted peroneal FES made the stroke-affected ankle-lifting muscle thicker and less abnormal on ultrasound. It did not improve walking, daily steps, or nerve and brain measures.
• PTRCT2019Versatile guideline-based physiotherapy intervention in groups to improve gait speed in Parkinson's disease patients.NeuroRehabilitationTwelve people with mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease who joined guideline-based group physiotherapy improved walking speed from 1.0 to 1.3 m/s over 10 weeks, while twelve controls changed from 0.9 to 1.0 m/s.
• PTMeta-Analysis2019Does transcranial direct current stimulation improve functional locomotion in people with Parkinson's disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationtDCS gave a small short-term improvement in timed walking tests for people with Parkinson's disease, but no benefit was found at follow-up after at least 4 weeks.
• PTOTOther2019The "Beam-Me-In Strategy" - remote haptic therapist-patient interaction with two exoskeletons for stroke therapy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFifteen therapists used two linked exoskeleton robots to feel simulated stroke impairments in their own arms. They reliably distinguished healthy from severely affected movement patterns. This haptic feedback let them assess range of motion and muscle tone remotely, though accuracy varied by task.
• PTRCT2019Adaptive Physical Activity for Stroke: An Early-Stage Randomized Controlled Trial in the United States.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairThe main walking-speed comparison showed no significant difference between groups. Stroke survivors in the adaptive program did improve walking speed over 6 months, but this small trial could not prove it beat the seated control.
• PTOTSurvey2019Self-Efficacy, Self-Regulation, Social Support, and Outcomes Expectations for Daily Physical Activity in Adults with Chronic Stroke: A Descriptive, Exploratory Study.Occupational therapy in health careAmbulatory chronic stroke survivors reported high confidence and positive expectations for daily physical activity, but low use of self-regulation and social support. These patterns point to planning, routines, and social help as possible areas for support.
• PTOTRCT2019Forced, Not Voluntary, Aerobic Exercise Enhances Motor Recovery in Persons With Chronic Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn 40 adults with chronic stroke, forced aerobic cycling plus upper limb task practice improved Fugl-Meyer scores by 11 points, versus 6 with voluntary cycling plus task practice and 9 with education plus task practice. The forced group improved most.
• PTPilot2019Dynamic neural network approach to targeted balance assessment of individuals with and without neurological disease during non-steady-state locomotion.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA neural network predicted balance-related whole-body motion from five body segments, including during complex walking in five healthy people and five people with early Parkinson's. The test used simulated sensors, so it is not a clinical assessment yet.
• PTOTRCT2019Intensive virtual reality and robotic based upper limb training compared to usual care, and associated cortical reorganization, in the acute and early sub-acute periods post-stroke: a feasibility study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn people with recent stroke, adding intensive virtual reality and robotic arm training to usual inpatient therapy was associated with larger 6-month gains in arm impairment and wrist movement, but not in task performance or pinch.
• PTPilot2019Voluntary control of wearable robotic exoskeletons by patients with paresis via neuromechanical modeling.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPatients with stroke or spinal cord injury could control a robotic leg exoskeleton from seated knee and ankle movements. Muscle activity fell with higher assistance, but this small study did not test walking or recovery.
• PTOTRCT2019Effects of Whole-Body Vibration on Upper Extremity Function and Grip Strength in Patients with Subacute Stroke: A Randomised Single-Blind Controlled Trial.Occupational therapy internationalAdding whole-body vibration before task-oriented training improved upper extremity function and grip strength more than upper- and lower-cycle training, but both groups also had task-oriented and conventional therapy, so vibration alone is not proven.
• PTRCT2019Influences of the biofeedback content on robotic post-stroke gait rehabilitation: electromyographic vs joint torque biofeedback.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNo significant between-group difference emerged between EMG and joint-torque Lokomat biofeedback added to conventional rehab. EMG had within-group spasticity and pain reductions; joint torque showed only knee spasticity reduction.
• PTOther2019Gait analysis with the Kinect v2: normative study with healthy individuals and comprehensive study of its sensitivity, validity, and reliability in individuals with stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA low-cost Kinect v2 gait system separated people with stroke from healthy participants, matched clinical walking tests, and flagged higher fall risk. It can complement clinical assessment, but ankle motion was excluded.
• PTOTSystematic Review2019Need for mechanically and ergonomically enhanced tremor-suppression orthoses for the upper limb: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationExisting upper-limb tremor orthoses suppress tremor by 63% on average in patients, matching medication, but are bulky and heavy. They add about 20% weight to the arm, causing fatigue and rejection. Current designs fail ergonomics despite decent mechanical suppression.
• PTOTCohort2019Bimanual coordination deficits in hands following stroke and their relationship with motor and functional performance.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke patients showed unstable grip-force transfer to the paretic hand, with sudden force rebounds. Shorter transfer times from the paretic hand correlated with better motor and functional scores, suggesting this specific timing metric may track recovery progress.
• PTOther2019The relationship between trunk acceleration parameters and kinematic characteristics during walking in patients with stroke.Journal of physical therapy scienceSmoother and more regular trunk motion tracked faster walking and longer steps in 17 people after stroke who could walk. Irregular trunk motion tracked greater ankle plantarflexion.
• PTCase Report2019Improvement and sustainability of walking ability with hybrid assistive limb training in a patient with cerebral palsy after puberty: a case report.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn one post-pubertal patient with cerebral palsy, hybrid assistive limb training plus daily physical therapy was reported to improve walking and sustain changes to 7 months. This is one case, and the robot suit alone cannot be credited.
• PTOTRCT2019Perspectives of people with spinal cord injury learning to walk using a powered exoskeleton.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with spinal cord injury described ReWalk training as helping them stand, walk, and do everyday things like peers. They reported bowel, spasticity, and pain changes, valued purpose and social contact, and said it was not ready for home use.
• PTRCT2019Robot-assisted gait training for balance and lower extremity function in patients with infratentorial stroke: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding robot-assisted gait training to standard physical therapy improved balance scores by 6.5 points on the Berg Balance Scale. This change exceeded the threshold for a meaningful clinical difference in patients with infratentorial stroke.
• PTOTCohort2019Reweighting of the sensory inputs for postural control in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy after surgery.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSurgery improved walking scores but did not normalize balance. Patients with cervical myelopathy still relied less on leg sensation and more on vision and inner-ear balance than healthy adults, even six months after decompression. They remain at risk for falls and need specific balance retraining.
• PTOther2019Disentangling stability and flexibility degrees in Parkinson's disease using a computational postural control model.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationParkinson's patients improved balance scores after a multi-component training program. A sway model suggested training increased corrective ankle control on foam and sway amplitude scaling on firm ground, but the program's parts cannot be separated.
• PTOther2019Improvements in skilled walking associated with kinematic adaptations in people with spinal cord injury.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFollowing Lokomat-based treadmill training in 8 people with motor-incomplete spinal cord injury, changes in how the weaker hip and ankle moved together and less knee range of motion were linked to better obstacle and stair walking. They were not linked to faster 10-metre walking.
• PTOTCase Report2019Myoelectric signal from below the level of spinal cord injury as a command source for an implanted upper extremity neuroprosthesis - a case report.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn a person with C6 spinal cord injury, an electrical signal from a foot muscle below the injury controlled an implanted hand grasp device. On a grasp-release object test, success matched his usual shoulder control, but this was a single case.
• PTCase Series2019Tarsal fusion for pes equinovarus deformity improves gait capacity in chronic stroke patients.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationBarefoot walking speed improved after surgery for stroke foot deformity. Tarsal fusion was combined with tendon, toe, and foot bone procedures in many patients, so the fusion alone cannot be credited.
• PTPilot2019Relearning functional and symmetric walking after stroke using a wearable device: a feasibility study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSix people with chronic stroke who wore a passive shoe that moves the unaffected foot backward during walking all showed better step length symmetry and faster walking after 12 sessions. No control group, so this is feasibility, not proof.
• PTOther2019Femoral venous flow velocity during passive ankle exercise in patients with chronic spinal cord injury.Journal of physical therapy sciencePassive ankle exercise increased blood flow speed in the femoral vein in both chronic spinal cord injury and able-bodied groups. Speed stayed lower with spinal cord injury. The study measured flow speed, not clot prevention.
• PTOther2019Three distinct physical behavior types in fatigued patients with multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFatigued MS patients with similar fatigue scores fell into different daily activity profiles. One was mostly sedentary, one was less sedentary in the afternoon, and one was most active. Fatigue scores were similar across the profiles.
• PTOTOther2019Upper limb impairments, process skills, and outcome in children with unilateral cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyIn 108 children with one-sided cerebral palsy, upper limb strength and movement control, plus task planning and organization, were most strongly tied to self-care independence. Better affected-hand sensation supported manual ability, while spasticity was less directly linked.
• PTCase Report2019Newly developed hybrid assistive limb for pediatric patients with cerebral palsy: a case report.Journal of physical therapy scienceAfter one 20-minute session that included standard physical therapy, a smaller walking assist device, a harness, orthoses, and crutches, an 11-year-old with cerebral palsy walked faster, from 0.92 to 1.10 m/sec. The contribution of the device alone cannot be separated.
• PTOther2019The 2-minute walk test is not a valid method to determine aerobic capacity in persons with Multiple Sclerosis.NeuroRehabilitationIn people with MS and severe fatigue, walking distance in 2 minutes did not accurately estimate peak oxygen uptake. It accounted for only 19.5% of the differences, so use it to judge walking, not aerobic capacity.
• PTOTSLPRCT2020Frontal lesions predict response to prism adaptation treatment in spatial neglect: A randomised controlled study.Neuropsychological rehabilitationPrism adaptation improved daily functional neglect only in stroke patients with frontal lesions. Those without frontal lesions saw no benefit over standard care. Paper-and-pencil tests missed this difference entirely. Use functional observation to guide treatment selection.
• PTCase-Control2019Subtle Motor Signs in Children With Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationChildren with chronic moderate or severe TBI had subtle motor problems even when walking independently: worse overall motor scores, worse timed motor scores, and more unwanted movement in larger muscles on the same side than matched controls. The sample was small.
• PTPilot2019Oxygen uptake on-kinetics before and after aerobic exercise training in individuals with traumatic brain injury.Disability and rehabilitationAfter 12 weeks of supervised treadmill exercise, seven adults with traumatic brain injury reached a steady level of oxygen use faster at a set treadmill workload. No control group was used.
• PTOTCase Report2020Improved Mobility, Cognition, and Disease Severity in Corticobasal Degeneration of an African American Man After 12 Weeks of Adapted Tango: A Case Study.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationShort-term gains in mobility, cognition, and disease severity were seen after adapted tango in a man with corticobasal degeneration, but many gains faded by follow-up and depression worsened.
• PTOther2019Motor Adaptation to Weight Shifting Assistance Transfers to Overground Walking in People with Spinal Cord Injury.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationIn one treadmill session with lateral pelvis assistance, weight shifting and stronger-side step length improved. Overground walking gains were limited, and speed was not clearly faster.
• PTOther2019Genitourinary Complications Are a Leading and Expensive Cause of Emergency Department and Inpatient Encounters for Persons With Spinal Cord Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationGenitourinary complications were the main diagnosis in 8.2% of spinal cord injury hospitalizations and 18.7% of emergency visits, appeared in more than half of hospitalizations overall, and were tied to about half of related costs.
• PTOther2019Reliability of the Motor Learning Strategies Rating Instrument in physiotherapy intervention for children with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurologyTrained physiotherapists could rate the total Motor Learning Strategies score for children with cerebral palsy with moderate agreement, but individual items were less reliable. Do not use the instrument to judge single therapist behaviours.
• PTOther2019Caloric Intake Relative to Total Daily Energy Expenditure Using a Spinal Cord Injury-Specific Correction Factor: An Analysis by Level of Injury.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationPeople with cervical spinal cord injury showed higher calorie intake per bodyweight and higher trunk fat than those with lower-level injury. People with lower-level injury showed higher energy expenditure and lean mass. The able-bodied factor gave higher estimated energy expenditure than the injury-specific factor.
• PTOTCohort2019Longitudinal Effects of Medical Comorbidities on Functional Outcome and Life Satisfaction After Traumatic Brain Injury: An Individual Growth Curve Analysis of NIDILRR Traumatic Brain Injury Model System Data.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationAfter moderate-severe brain injury, motor and cognitive independence rose for years, then fell by 10 years. Life satisfaction stayed stable. Anxiety, depression, PTSD, diabetes, and other comorbidities were associated with different function or life-satisfaction trajectories. These are associations, not proven causes.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2019Rehabilitation Practices in Patients With Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationMost ICU clinicians caring for moderate and severe TBI supported starting rehabilitation, but timing varied. They usually waited for extubation, normal intracranial pressure and hemodynamic stability, and cited staff and resource limits as barriers.