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Cardiopulmonary research

Everything we have read on cardiopulmonary. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

1,018 PAPERS · PAGE 6 OF 21 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTCase Series2017Passive exercise of the lower limbs and trunk alleviates decreased intestinal motility in patients in the intensive care unit after cardiovascular surgery.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn ICU patients after cardiovascular surgery, passive leg and trunk movements briefly increased bowel-sound activity and the number of bowel sounds heard. Heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate stayed similar. It did not show real bowel function improved.
• PTCohort2017Relation between change in exercise capacity and change in blood amino acids in patients with chronic heart failure.Journal of physical therapy scienceAfter three months of cardiac rehab in chronic heart failure, blood amino acid levels did not change in a way the study could detect among 12 patients. A change in citrulline was linked with improvement in exercise capacity, but there was no control group.
• PTOther2017Instantaneous changes in respiratory function induced by passive pelvic suspension in the supine position in relation to increased diaphragm excursion.Journal of physical therapy sciencePassive pelvic suspension in 25 healthy men instantly increased diaphragm movement and volume of air per breath, slowed breathing, and all rated breathing easier. This was a short-term physiological effect in healthy people, not evidence it helps patients with breathing problems.
• PTRCT2017The effects of inspiratory diaphragm breathing exercise and expiratory pursed-lip breathing exercise on chronic stroke patients' respiratory muscle activation.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn chronic stroke patients, adding therapist-guided diaphragm and pursed-lip breathing to routine physical therapy increased paretic-side respiratory muscle activity over four weeks.
• PTSLPCohort2017Rate of oral intake and effects of mechanical insufflation-exsufflation on pulmonary complications in patients with duchenne muscular dystrophy.Journal of physical therapy scienceFever rates requiring antibiotics did not show a clear difference across cough-assist periods. 43 of 45 DMD patients on full-time ventilation continued oral intake; several treatments were given together, so cough assist alone cannot be credited.
• PTOther2017The effects of preceding exercise on myocardial damage in rats.Journal of physical therapy scienceHigh-intensity treadmill training in rats before a long run kept heart damage blood markers lower than no preceding training. Moderate training also lowered them. This is an animal finding, not evidence for people.
• PTOther2017Maximal respiratory pressure in healthy Japanese children.Journal of physical therapy scienceHealthy Japanese children showed higher pressures when breathing in and out across age groups, and boys showed higher pressures than girls. Age, height, and weight were positively related to the pressures.
• PTOther2017Ventilatory threshold may be a more specific measure of aerobic capacity than peak oxygen consumption rate in persons with stroke.Topics in stroke rehabilitationThe breathing threshold measure was less tied to walking speed than peak oxygen use in 59 people with chronic stroke. This may mean it reflects aerobic capacity more specifically. Peak oxygen use can look artificially low when walking is impaired. The rating method was reliable.
• PTCohort2017Comparing airways clearance techniques in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchiectasis: positive expiratory pressure or temporary positive expiratory pressure? A retrospective study.Brazilian journal of physical therapyIn a pulmonary rehab program, PEP mask and temporary PEP had similar after-treatment breathing and blood-gas results. Neither clearly outperformed the other, so the technique alone cannot be credited.
• PTOther2017Predictive equations for maximal respiratory pressures of children aged 7-10.Brazilian journal of physical therapyThe equations for Brazilian children aged 7-10 explained only 13.9%, 14.1%, 15.0% and 21.6% of maximal respiratory pressure values, so weight, height and age alone are weak guides.
• PTPilot2017Exercise training for people following curative intent treatment for non-small cell lung cancer: a randomized controlled trial.Brazilian journal of physical therapyIn 17 people after lung cancer treatment, 8 weeks of supervised walking, cycling and strength training increased exercise capacity compared with usual activities with weekly phone calls. No differences were seen in physical activity, muscle force, quality of life, fatigue, anxiety, depression or lung function.
• PTOther2017Could peak oxygen uptake be estimated from proposed equations based on the six-minute walk test in chronic heart failure subjects?Brazilian journal of physical therapyWalking-distance equations did not accurately estimate maximal oxygen use in 36 adults with chronic heart failure. Three underestimated by 15-51%; the fourth averaged close but individual errors were too wide to predict a patient's true capacity.
• PTNarrative Review2017Core outcome sets for research and clinical practice.Brazilian journal of physical therapyCore outcome sets standardize a minimum set of results to measure in trials and practice. For low back pain and osteoarthritis, agreed domains include pain, physical function, and quality of life or patient global assessment. They aid comparison, not treatment proof.
• PTOther2017Safety of early performance of the six-minute walk test following acute myocardial infarction: a cross-sectional study.Brazilian journal of physical therapyEarly six-minute walk tests after uncomplicated heart attacks were completed by all 152 patients. Severe complications occurred in 3.9%, but none led to death, and the up to 4 days and after 4 days groups did not differ.
• PTOTSLPOther2017Comparison of abdominal muscle activity and peak expiratory flow between forced vital capacity and fast expiration exercise.Journal of physical therapy scienceHealthy young men blew faster and activated deep abdominal muscles more strongly during fast expiration exercises than during standard forced vital capacity tests. This suggests fast expiration may better target speed-specific muscle activation, though clinical effects remain untested.
• PTRCT2017Association Between 6-Minute Walk Test Distance and Objective Variables of Functional Capacity After Exercise Training in Elderly Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Randomized Exercise Trial.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn 47 older patients with preserved-ejection-fraction heart failure, change in 6-minute walk distance did not track change in peak oxygen uptake or ventilatory threshold over 16 weeks; the no-exercise group also improved walk distance by 9% from baseline.
• PTOther2017The change of lung capacity in elderly women caused by life span.Journal of physical therapy scienceNon-smoking women with no lung disease history in older age groups had lower lung capacity and airflow than younger age groups. This gives reference values, not proof exercise works.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2017Is there a difference in physical activity levels in patients before and up to one year after unilateral total hip replacement? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical rehabilitationPooled physical activity did not significantly change after unilateral total hip replacement. The 6-minute walk was also unchanged overall, and one older-only study changed the result.
• PTOTSLPOther2017Are heart rate dynamics in the transition from rest to submaximal exercise related to maximal cardiorespiratory responses in COPD?Brazilian journal of physical therapyIn 15 men with moderate-to-severe COPD, how much heart rate variability changed from standing rest to a six-minute walk correlated with how far they walked. A stronger shift in autonomic balance predicted longer distance. This is an observational link, not proof that heart rate tests can replace walking tests.
• PTRCT2017Functional electrical stimulation improves muscle strength and endurance in patients after cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial.Brazilian journal of physical therapyAfter cardiac surgery, electrical stimulation plus added load did not improve six-minute walk distance more than placebo. Walk distance rose in both groups, while the protocol increased thigh strength and sit-to-stand endurance.
• PTRCT2017Resistance training improves aortic structure in Wistar rats.Brazilian journal of physical therapyIn rats, 12 weeks of weighted ladder training increased aortic wall thickness, smooth muscle nuclei, elastic laminae and collagen. Body weight and blood pressure did not differ. The findings are about rat aortas, not human patients.
• PTRCT2017Short-term and long-term effects of a self-managed physical activity program using a pedometer for chronic respiratory disease: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of physical therapy scienceElderly chronic respiratory patients who used a pedometer and diary, without step targets, increased steps and had better 3-month walking distance, leg strength and quality of life than controls. Breathlessness also improved within the diary group. Long-term group differences were less clear.
• PTOTSLPCohort2017Characterization of Cancer Patients in Inpatient Rehabilitation Facilities: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationCancer patients in inpatient rehabilitation gained an average of 23.5 points on an 18 to 126 functional independence scale, and 72% went to community rather than acute care. It did not compare them with cancer patients who did not receive inpatient rehabilitation.
• PTCohort2017Comparison between stair-climbing test and six-minute walk test after lung resection using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy.Journal of physical therapy scienceAfter lung resection, stair-climbing altitude fell, while six-minute walk distance changed little. Stair climbing may be more sensitive to reduced exercise capacity in this group.
• PTOther2017The effectiveness of short-term high-intensity exercise on ventilatory function, in adults with a high risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 30 young male smokers at high risk of COPD, three 20-minute arm ergometer sessions over three days increased FEV1 and FVC, while FEV1/FVC and PEFR did not change.
• PTRCT2017The effects of Pilates exercise on cardiopulmonary function in the chronic stroke patients: a randomized controlled trials.Journal of physical therapy scienceAdding Pilates to usual stroke rehab improved resting heart rate, oxygen uptake and Timed Up and Go more than control in 20 chronic stroke patients, but both groups changed and the study was small.
• PTRCT2017The immediate effect of diaphragm taping with breathing exercise on muscle tone and stiffness of respiratory muscles and SpO2 in stroke patient.Journal of physical therapy scienceDiaphragm taping added to breathing exercise showed no significant difference from breathing exercise alone for immediate respiratory muscle tone, stiffness, or blood oxygen saturation in groups of 14 stroke patients.
• PTSystematic Review2017A systematic review of mechanisms of gait speed change post-stroke. Part 2: exercise capacity, muscle activation, kinetics, and kinematics.Topics in stroke rehabilitationNo single laboratory measure consistently explained why stroke survivors walked faster after physical therapy. Across 25 studies, changes in oxygen use, muscle activity, force, or joint motion were inconsistent, so gait speed gains may come from multiple pathways.
• PTRCT2017Effect of breathing maneuver combined with upper extremity exercise on respiratory capacity in healthy adult men.Journal of physical therapy scienceMaximum inspiratory pressure did not differ between groups. After exercise, maximum expiratory pressure was higher in the combined breathing and arm exercise group than in the breathing-only group. Both groups had higher inspiratory and expiratory pressures.
• PTRCT2017Effect of diaphragm breathing exercise applied on the basis of overload principle.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 35 healthy adults, therapist-guided and self-practised diaphragm breathing with Borg 11-13 resistance improved several breathing measures after four weeks. The study found a method difference in FVC and FEV1, but no people with cardiopulmonary disorder were studied.
• PTOTSystematic Review2017Interactive wearable systems for upper body rehabilitation: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationMost included wearable upper-body rehab systems track motion and give visual feedback, but only three had clinical trials. Do not assume they improve movement or function; evidence is still mainly technical and usability.
• PTOther2017Effect of Neuro-Development Treatment on motor development in preterm infants.Journal of physical therapy scienceLow-birth-weight preterm infants assigned to general NICU nursing plus NDT scored higher on motor performance at post-conceptional age 40 weeks than those assigned to general NICU nursing alone. General NICU nursing was given to all, so NDT's separate effect cannot be isolated.
• PTCase Report2017Effects of 2-week intermittent training in hypobaric hypoxia on the aerobic energy metabolism and performance of cycling athletes with disabilities.Journal of physical therapy scienceThree athletes with physical disabilities shortened 14-km time trials and reached higher loads after 12 hypoxic training sessions, but peak oxygen measures did not clearly improve. Training, hypoxia, coaching, and iron supplements were given together. Only three cases.
• PTOther2017University of the Witwatersrand physiotherapy undergraduate curriculum alignment to medical conditions of patients within Gauteng state health facilities.The South African journal of physiotherapyIn Gauteng state hospitals, physiotherapists most commonly treated lower limb fractures, stroke and soft tissue injuries. The Wits curriculum covered almost all listed conditions; stress and laryngectomy were not explicitly covered. It allocated hours to common conditions.
• PTRCT2017Comparison of the effects of core stabilization and chest mobilization exercises on lung function and chest wall expansion in stroke patients.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn chronic stroke patients, core stabilization and chest mobilization exercises produced similar lung function and chest expansion changes. Neither was clearly better, though both groups improved some measures.
• PTOther2017Changes in cardiopulmonary function according to posture during recovery after maximal exercise.Journal of physical therapy scienceAfter maximal exercise, oxygen uptake, breathing rate, and heart rate did not differ by posture in 15 healthy young men. Air moved per minute was lower with trunk forward leaning at 5 minutes.
• PTRCT2017Effects of endurance exercise and half-bath on body composition, cardiorespiratory system, and arterial pulse wave velocity in men with intellectual disabilities.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn men with intellectual disabilities, 12 weeks of aerobic exercise improved body composition, fitness, and blood vessel compliance; a half-bath routine improved body composition and compliance but not fitness.
• PTOTSLPCohort2017Occupational therapy, physical therapy and speech-language pathology in the neonatal intensive care unit: Patterns of therapy usage in a level IV NICU.Research in developmental disabilitiesMore therapy was not associated with better neurobehavior, though earlier SLP initiation was related to better self-regulation. 100% of infants received OT and PT, and 51% had an SLP evaluation.
• PTRCT2017Effect of complex training on carbon monoxide, cardiorespiratory function, and body mass among college students at the initial stage of stopping smoking.Journal of physical therapy scienceDuring 12 weeks of not smoking, male students doing 30-minute aerobic plus weight training five times weekly had lower exhaled carbon monoxide, higher treadmill fitness, less body fat, and more muscle than controls.
• PTCohort2017Daily physical activity affects exercise capacity in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 38 outpatients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, higher daily step counts over 14 days were linked to longer 6-minute walk distance, along with vital capacity and quadriceps force.
• PTOther2017The effects of dance music jump rope exercise on pulmonary function and body mass index after music jump rope exercise in overweight adults in 20's.Journal of physical therapy scienceCompared with stationary cycling, dance music jump rope did not beat it after four weeks. In the jump rope group, vital capacity was higher and BMI lower after. In the cycling group, neither changed in the same way.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2017Outcomes of safe patient handling and mobilization programs: A meta-analysis.Work (Reading, Mass.)Across 44 healthcare sites, safe patient handling and mobilization programs were associated with lower worker injury rates. Injuries after programs were 0.44 times the before-program rate. The reduction was largest in intensive care units.
• PTCohort2017Clinical features of patients diagnosed with degenerative rotator cuff tendon disease: a 6-month prospective-definitive clinical study from turkey.Journal of physical therapy scienceMost patients were women with an average age of 52.6 years. Night pain and daily NSAID use were common. Women had higher pain scores and BMI; men did more repetitive shoulder work.
• PTOther2017Effects of high intensity aerobic exercise on treadmill on maximum-expiratory lung capacity of elderly women.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn 22 elderly women, 12 weeks of treadmill aerobic exercise at 70% maximum heart rate significantly increased FVC from 2.1 to 2.3 liters and FEV1 from 1.7 to 1.8 liters; other airflow measures did not change significantly.
• PTOther2017Anti-gravity treadmill can promote aerobic exercise for lower limb osteoarthritis patients.Journal of physical therapy scienceAnti-gravity treadmill walking did not change oxygen uptake compared with level-ground walking, but 20 patients with lower limb osteoarthritis walked faster with less pain during a short test.
• PTOther2017Factors affecting dyspnea after the 6-minute walk test in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients presenting with exercise-induced hypoxemia.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn a small group of people with pulmonary fibrosis whose oxygen fell after walking, smaller vital capacity and more leg fatigue went with more breathlessness. Ask about leg tiredness after walking.
• PTOther2017Hemodynamics and tissue oxygenation effects after increased in positive end-expiratory pressure in coronary artery bypass surgery.Archives of physiotherapyAfter coronary bypass, patients on mechanical ventilation with oxygen support had lung oxygen levels rise but central venous oxygen saturation fall and lactate rise when PEEP was increased. Blood pressure and central venous pressure did not change. The study had no control group.
• PTSurvey2017Physiotherapy in upper abdominal surgery - what is current practice in Australia?Archives of physiotherapyMost surveyed Australian physiotherapists mobilise upper abdominal surgery patients away from the bedside from day one, but still add routine breathing and cough treatments. Pre-operative screening was uncommon.
• PTSystematic Review2018Exercise training to reduce sympathetic nerve activity in heart failure patients. A systematic review and meta-analysis.Brazilian journal of physical therapyFour months of aerobic cycle training lowered muscle sympathetic nerve activity compared with a control condition of medication and daily-life follow-up in adults with chronic heart failure across five randomized trials. This measure is not a commonly used clinical outcome.
• PTCohort2017Effectiveness assessment of a guideline based protocol for ventilatory support management of COPD exacerbations in an emergency department.Brazilian journal of physical therapy13 of 109 subjects who started noninvasive ventilation still needed invasive ventilation. Those who failed had worse outcomes. After starting ventilation, mask tolerance and a 6.5 mmHg carbon dioxide drop predicted success.