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Paediatrics research

Everything we have read on paediatrics. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,466 PAPERS · PAGE 8 OF 50 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTCohort2018Effect of the frequency of therapy on the performance of activities of daily living in children with cerebral palsy.Journal of physical therapy sciencePhysical therapy frequency did not show significant differences in daily living skills. Intensive occupational therapy was associated with a significant overall daily living skill improvement compared with bimonthly therapy, and therapy frequency was correlated with mobility and social function.
• OTPilot2018Links between sleep and daytime behaviour problems in children with Down syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRParents reported more restless sleep and other night-time sleep problems in children with Down syndrome, and these reports were related to more conduct problems, anxiety, and hyperactivity at home and school. Shorter sleep measured by a wrist watch was also related to inattention.
• OTSLPOther2018Sensory Behaviors in Minimally Verbal Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: How and When Do Caregivers Respond?American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilitiesCaregivers of minimally verbal children with autism most often prompted or changed their own behavior in response to sensory behaviors. They reported responding less to movement and more to social behaviors than non-social behaviors.
• OTSLPOther2018Autism Spectrum Symptomatology Among Children with Duplication 7q11.23 Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disorders12 participants (19.0%) met clinical criteria for ASD. Parent interview alone classified 25 participants (39.7%) as autism. Use direct observation and consider language level and anxiety before diagnosing.
• OTOther2018Convergent validity of actigraphy with polysomnography and parent reports when measuring sleep in children with Down syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRIn children with Down syndrome, an actigraphy watch agreed with sleep lab scores for total sleep, wake after sleep onset and efficiency, but not wake episodes or parent reports, and did not identify OSA.
• OTPilot2018GoFAR: improving attention, behavior and adaptive functioning in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Brief report.Developmental neurorehabilitationThe GoFAR program combining a computer game, parent training and supervised practice improved attention in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders versus controls. Home daily living skills improved in both active groups in a small pilot.
• OTSLPRCT2018Enhancing interactions during daily routines: A randomized controlled trial of a web-based tutorial for parents of young children with ASD.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchParents who used a web tutorial reported using more evidence-based strategies during routines, and their children showed better engagement and social communication at follow-up. Gains came from parent reports only, and children also received other community services.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Are the health needs of young people with cerebral palsy met during transition from child to adult health care?Child: care, health and developmentYoung people with cerebral palsy did not show a significant rise in unmet health needs through transition, though many already had unmet needs, especially speech, pain and bone or joint problems.
• PTOTOther2018The validity and reliability of the Test of Arm Selective Control for children with cerebral palsy: a prospective cross-sectional study.Developmental medicine and child neurologyThe TASC can rate selective arm control in children with cerebral palsy, and therapists scored it consistently. It took about 16 minutes, tracked hand function and arm involvement, and did not test treatment change.
• OTCohort2018The Effect of a Social-Emotional Intervention on the Development of Preterm Infants in Institutions.Infants and young childrenPreterm infants in institutional care with caregiver training and structural changes showed 2.25 points every 3 months faster growth on developmental scores than those in usual care. They still scored below full-term peers.
• OTSLPCohort2018From Using Tools to Using Language in Infant Siblings of Children with Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disordersHigh-risk infants who used a spoon functionally at 10 months had better word comprehension at 12 months and word production at 24 and 36 months. Infants later diagnosed with autism showed delayed emergence of these functional actions compared to those without diagnosis.
• OTCohort2018The bidirectional association between sleep problems and autism spectrum disorder: a population-based cohort study.Molecular autismSleep problems in toddlers did not predict later autistic traits once early traits were considered. Autistic traits and ASD in childhood were linked to more sleep problems later, and sleep problems increased over time in children with ASD.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Prediction of Autism at 3 Years from Behavioural and Developmental Measures in High-Risk Infants: A Longitudinal Cross-Domain Classifier Analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAt the second visit, daily living scores gave a modest signal for later autism in high-risk infants, but early measures did not predict individual outcome. The prediction model was much better at saying an infant would not develop autism than at identifying who would.
• PTOTSLPOther2018An International Clinical Study of Ability and Disability in Autism Spectrum Disorder Using the WHO-ICF Framework.Journal of autism and developmental disordersClinician ratings of 122 people with ASD using WHO function categories found frequent difficulties in complex social interaction, attention, stress, communication, and daily tasks. Family, family attitudes, and health-professional support were the most common environmental factors.
• OTSLPCohort2018Autism Spectrum Disorder in an Unselected Cohort of Children with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1).Journal of autism and developmental disorders10.9% of children with NF1 were clinically diagnosed with autism, much higher than the general population. Screening tools often missed cases or flagged non-autistic children. Clinicians should combine parent questionnaires and direct observation to accurately identify autism in this group.
• OTSLPCohort2018The Prevalence and Psychopathological Correlates of Sibling Bullying in Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism are more likely to be involved in two-way sibling bullying than their peers. This involvement is linked to higher anxiety, depression, and behavioural problems, regardless of whether the child has autism.
• PTOTSLPPilot2018Adapting and translating the Mullen Scales of Early Learning for the South African context.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir KommunikasieafwykingsAcross four language groups, the translated Mullen Scales produced similar total and subscale scores. Older children scored higher than younger children. This supports using the adapted scales with other assessment information, not alone.
• PTOTPilot2018Computer Assisted REhabilitation (CARE) Lab: A novel approach towards Pediatric Rehabilitation 2.0.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicinePreliminary results from six children with congenital hemiparesis showed higher upper-limb scores, greater shoulder movement, and parent-reported daily-task gains after computer-assisted sessions. The pilot was ongoing, so this does not prove the CARE Lab works.
• PTOTSurvey2018Chronic pain prevalence and associated factors in adolescents with and without physical disabilities.Developmental medicine and child neurologyAdolescents with physical disabilities reported chronic pain more often than peers without disabilities. Pain was linked to depression, anxiety and insomnia, but having both disability and pain did not add extra risk.
• OTOther2018Superior Disembedding in Children with ASD: New Tests Using Abstract, Meaningful, and 3D Contexts.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with ASD found hidden shapes more accurately than typically developing peers on embedded-figures tests. They were slower on meaningful and depth tests. This describes a visual processing pattern, not a treatment effect.
• OTCohort2018Emotion Control Predicts Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior Problems in Boys With and Without an Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn boys aged 9 to 15, higher worry and repetitive negative thinking predicted more disruptive behavior 18 months later, especially in boys with ASD. More anger, fear, and sadness predicted anxiety and somatic complaints.
• OTCohort2018Maternal Mental Representations of the Child and Mobile Phone Use During Parent-Child Mealtimes.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPMothers who saw their child as difficult were more likely to actively use a phone during meals. At a structured eating task, phone use was also linked with less rich and sensitive views of the child.
• PTOTSLPCohort2017Early Therapy Services Following Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Discharge.Physical & occupational therapy in pediatricsMost preterm infants left the NICU with a therapy referral, but 13 of 57 never received therapy by age two. PT was used more often and started earlier on average than OT or SLP.
• PTOTOther2018The use of Xbox Kinect™ in a Paediatric Burns Unit.The South African journal of physiotherapyAdding Xbox Kinect sessions to standard physiotherapy for burned children improved enjoyment but did not significantly change discharge range of motion or home function compared to standard care alone. The intervention group showed better active movement recovery after discharge, but the study design prevents confirming the game caused this.
• PTOTRCT2018Ergonomic behaviour of learners in a digitally driven school environment: Modification using an ergonomic intervention programme.The South African journal of physiotherapyA single 45-minute school session on posture, bag weight, and stretches, reinforced by stickers and web links, improved computer posture in adolescents over six months. The intervention group had no learners in the highest risk postural category at follow-up, unlike the control group.
• PTOTRCT2018A novel sensor-based assessment of lower limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationIn children with cerebral palsy, a sensor-based Modified Tardieu assessment gave more consistent knee and ankle spasticity measurements than the conventional clinician-rated method. It also measured clonus duration, but it did not test treatment outcomes.
• PTOTOther2018Reference values of intrinsic muscle strength of the hand of adolescents and young adults.Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand TherapistsIn adolescents and young adults, intrinsic hand muscle strength differed by sex and hand dominance, but age alone did not appear to influence strength.
• OTOther2018Coactivation index of children with congenital upper limb reduction deficiencies before and after using a wrist-driven 3D printed partial hand prosthesis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with congenital partial hand reductions had higher wrist flexor coactivation on the affected side. After 6 months using a 3D printed wrist-driven prosthesis, flexor coactivation fell by 70% affected versus 30% non-affected; no clear strength gain was shown.
• OTOther2017Developmental coordination disorders and sensory processing and integration: Incidence, associations and co-morbidities.The British journal of occupational therapyParent reports showed 32% of children with DCD had definite sensory processing difficulties and 56% had some problems. Motor scores did not line up with sensory scores. Children with DCD plus ASD had more definite total sensory difficulties.
• OTOther2017Identification of Sensory Processing and Integration Symptom Clusters: A Preliminary Study.Occupational therapy internationalChildren with sensory processing challenges formed three groups. All had overresponsivity. Groups with craving or underresponsivity alongside overresponsivity had more motor, discrimination, and behavior symptoms.
• OTOther2018Sleep disturbances are associated with specific sensory sensitivities in children with autism.Molecular autismIn children with autism, more severe touch hypersensitivity was linked to more reported sleep problems. Auditory and visual sensitivities were not. Controls showed a similar touch link plus vestibular. This is an association, not proof touch causes poor sleep.
• OTOther2018Lessons learned from women in leadership positions.Work (Reading, Mass.)There is no clinical finding to act on. This is a leadership commentary about women in professional workplaces.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Relationship between the use of lower extremity orthoses and the developmental quotient of The Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development in children with Down syndrome.Journal of physical therapy scienceChildren with Down syndrome who used lower limb orthoses had significantly lower Postural-Motor developmental scores than those who did not. The study found an association, not that orthoses caused motor delays.
• OTCohort2018Lifelong Parenting of Adults With Developmental Disabilities: Growth Trends Over 20 Years in Midlife and Later Life.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilitiesParents of adults with developmental disabilities had more depressive symptoms, poorer health, and fewer social visits at age 71 than comparison parents. Those living with their adult child showed rising depression over time.
• PTOTRCT2018A robot-based gait training therapy for pediatric population with cerebral palsy: goal setting, proposal and preliminary clinical implementation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationFour children with cerebral palsy completed a 16-session robot-assisted gait training program. Most showed improved walking speed, endurance, and strength. Without a control group, it is impossible to know if the robot or the concurrent conventional therapy caused these changes.
• PTOTSLPPilot2018Impact of sleep on executive functioning in school-age children with Down syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRParents reporting restless sleep in children with Down syndrome also reported more trouble with impulse control, shifting, and working memory. Teachers noted impulse issues too. However, sleep problems did not predict actual performance on cognitive tests.
• PTOTSurvey2018Understanding activity participation among individuals with Wolfram Syndrome.The British journal of occupational therapyPeople with Wolfram syndrome reported a higher share of wanted or needed activities not done than comparison participants. Adults reported walking, balance and vision loss as more limiting than diabetes.
• OTSystematic Review2018Evidence-Based Clinical Algorithm for Hypotonia Assessment: To Pardon the Errs.Occupational therapy internationalAn evidence-based algorithm was developed to guide clinicians assessing children suspected of having hypotonia. It was revised after clinician feedback, but no patient outcomes were tested, so it is not evidence that the algorithm improves care.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2018Everyday Activities for Children with Mitochondrial Disorder: A Retrospective Chart Review.Occupational therapy internationalChildren with mitochondrial disorders across all functioning levels engaged in the same nine activity categories, from self-care to leisure. The difference was not what they did, but how: varying levels of assistance, adaptive devices, and energy management were required for participation.
• PTOTCase Report2018Effects of manual therapy with functional electrical stimulation on scoliosis curve in children with cerebral palsy.Journal of physical therapy scienceTwo non-ambulatory children with cerebral palsy received manual therapy and electrical stimulation for three months. Both showed reduced spinal curvature and higher caregiver-reported quality of life scores. This small number of cases cannot prove the treatment works.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Executive function in school-aged children with cerebral palsy: Relationship with speech and language.Research in developmental disabilitiesChildren with cerebral palsy showed elevated executive function difficulties regardless of their speech and language abilities. Parents reported significantly higher problem behaviors than expected in typical children. Clinicians should screen for executive function issues in all patients, even those with strong communication skills.
• OTRCT2018Income Relates to Adherence in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes Through Parenting Constructs.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPYouth from lower-income families showed poorer diabetes adherence and blood sugar control, and these links were associated with less warm, structured parenting, more diabetes conflict, and less collaborative involvement. Direct links from income to adherence and control were not found.
• OTOther2017Development of an Intervention Programme for Selective Eating in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOTAfter a two-month parent programme with two sessions, two discussions, and optional interviews, 23 parents reported less difficulty and higher confidence. Child food outcomes improved, but the paper also says these did not change. Without another group, these changes are not proof.
• OTCase-Control2018Bilateral reaching deficits after unilateral perinatal ischemic stroke: a population-based case-control study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with arterial perinatal stroke showed reaching deficits in both arms, especially the weaker side. Children with venous infarction showed fewer deficits. The better arm can be impaired, so hand function assessment should look beyond the paretic side.
• OTOther2017Relationship between Motor Coordination, Cognitive Abilities, and Academic Achievement in Japanese Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOTChildren with neurodevelopmental disorders scored lower on motor coordination than peers. Better manual dexterity and balance were linked to better reading, writing, and arithmetic, but the study did not show motor training improves school skills.
• OTSystematic Review2017The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Intervention in Attention on Individuals with ADHD: A Systematic Review.Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOTMindfulness training was linked to better attention in adults with ADHD, and to parent or teacher reported attention gains in adolescents and children. The evidence came from only nine small, varied studies, so it is not proof.
• OTPilot2017Effects of an Oral-Pharyngeal Motor Training Programme on Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Hong Kong: A Retrospective Pilot Study.Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOTChildren's face and mouth function scores improved after the training. Tongue endurance did not improve clearly, and the tongue strength result is unclear because the text and table disagree.
• PTOTCohort2018Skin breakdown of the feet in patients with spina bifida: Analysis of risk factors.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineMyelomeningocele diagnosis and higher neurologic lesion levels significantly increase the risk of foot skin breakdown in children with spina bifida. Ambulation status was not an independent risk factor, contradicting the hypothesis that walking causes these wounds.
• OTQualitative2018Development and Content Validity of the Participation and Sensory Environment Questionnaire.Occupational therapy in mental healthParents and caregivers of young children with autism spectrum disorder described sensory environments as both barriers and facilitators to daily participation, and their effort to support activities varied with how meaningful the activity was. A draft questionnaire was built from these themes.
• OTCohort2018Age and factors associated with self-clean intermittent catheterization in patients with spina bifida.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineIn 64 spina bifida patients with transition data, median age at self-catheterization independence was 9 years, and 71.9% were independent by age 10. After age 10, Medicaid and thoracic spinal lesions were linked with less self-catheterization independence.