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Paediatrics research

Everything we have read on paediatrics. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,466 PAPERS · PAGE 30 OF 50 · NEWEST FIRST

• OTSLPCohort2024Longitudinal Relations Between Early Sensory Responsiveness and Later Communication in Infants with Autistic and Non-autistic Siblings.Journal of autism and developmental disordersInfants with low reaction to sensory input or high distress from it had lower language scores nine months later. These early behavioral signs predicted communication delays in both high-risk and typical groups.
• OTSLPQualitative2024Friendships in Children with Williams Syndrome: Parent and Child Perspectives.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of children with Williams Syndrome reported difficulties sustaining friendships due to disinhibited behaviour, social anxiety, and mismatched interests. Children often named friends but interactions were mostly confined to school. Peer dynamics shifted as neurotypical peers gained independence.
• OTSLPQualitative2024Parental Perspectives: How Sensory Sensitivities Impact the Transition to Adulthood in Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of autistic adolescents and young adults described sensory sensitivities as a constant barrier to independence. Touch and sound issues most often restricted job options, social participation, and daily living tasks. Parents reported needing to manage environments and teach self-advocacy to help their children navigate adulthood.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2024The Relationship Between Nutrition-Physical Activity Behaviors of Autistic Children with Their Families and Children's Obesity Levels During Covid Pandemic.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents of children with severe autism reported lower family nutrition and activity scores than those with atypical autism. Regularly monitoring the child's height and weight was linked to higher scores. However, neither family habits nor mealtime behaviors correlated with the children's actual BMI before or during the pandemic.
• PTOTSLPOther2024Latent Class Analysis Identifies Distinctive Behavioral Subtypes in Children with Fragile X Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with fragile X syndrome fall into five distinct behavioral groups. Three moderate-severity groups differ clearly: one with high anxiety and social avoidance, one with disruptive behaviors, and one with attention issues but less social impairment. This helps target support.
• OTSLPCohort2024Caregiver Attributions of Toddlers' Behaviors: A Comparison Between Groups of Children with Differing Developmental Concerns.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCaregivers of toddlers with autism concerns viewed their child's positive behaviors as less stable and controllable, and challenging behaviors as more permanent, compared to caregivers of children with other developmental concerns or no concerns. Group membership did not predict the specific behaviors reported.
• OTSurvey2024Parents' Perceptions: Environments and the Contextual Strategies of Parents to Support the Participation of Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder-A Descriptive Population-Based Study from Switzerland.Journal of autism and developmental disordersHalf of parents reported more home, school, and community supports than barriers; the other half did not report clear supports or barriers. Sensory overload and social demands were common barriers. Parents often described preparing, accompanying, and motivating their children.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2024REhabilitation Approaches in CHildren with cerebellar mutism syndrome (REACH): An international cross-disciplinary survey study.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineMost therapists treating children with cerebellar mutism syndrome lack specific clinical guidelines and rely on symptom-based approaches borrowed from other conditions. They report significant barriers including fatigue, behavioral impacts of cancer therapy, and insufficient resources for training and standardized care.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2024Mental health in children with disabilities and their families: red flags, services' impact, facilitators, barriers, and proposed solutions.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesCaregivers and clinicians identified red flags like school isolation and sleep changes. System barriers, especially waitlists, drove negative experiences. Both groups urged family-centered care, standardized mental health training for all disciplines, and decoupling mental health support from disability diagnoses.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2024Autism Spectrum Disorder in Down Syndrome: Experiences from Caregivers.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCaregivers of children with Down syndrome and autism noticed differences at an average age of 3.87 years, but diagnosis came at an average age of 8.52 years, a 4.65-year gap. Many said providers and therapists lacked DS-ASD knowledge.
• OTSLPSurvey2024Screening, Diagnosis, and Intervention for Autism: Experiences of Black and Multiracial Families Seeking Care.Journal of autism and developmental disordersBlack and multiracial parents frequently reported that speech delays were their first concern, yet many faced "wait-and-see" advice from pediatricians. Families described feeling dismissed or misdiagnosed, highlighting a critical need for providers to trust parental instincts and act early on communication concerns.
• PTOTNarrative Review2024Emerging methods for measuring physical activity using accelerometry in children and adolescents with neuromotor disorders: a narrative review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStandard step-counters and cut-point analyses often misclassify activity in children with cerebral palsy or brain injury. Combining participation questionnaires with raw accelerometer data, ideally using machine learning tailored to the child's mobility level, provides a more accurate picture of their real-world activity than commercial devices alone.
• OTSLPSurvey2024Associations Between Parenting Stress and Quality Time in Families of Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCaregivers of autistic youth with clinically significant stress were less likely to engage in shared activities or feel in-sync with their child. Stress levels did not change with child age, but shared activities dropped off in adolescence. Correlations with time spent were weak.
• PTOTCohort2024Increased muscle responses to balance perturbations in children with cerebral palsy can be explained by increased sensitivity to center of mass movement.Gait & postureChildren with cerebral palsy react to balance perturbations with much stronger muscle activation than typically developing peers. Their nervous systems are hypersensitive to body movement, causing stiff, co-contracted responses that make them step to avoid falling even at low speeds.
• OTQualitative2024Qualitative feedback from caregivers in a multidisciplinary pediatric neuromuscular clinic.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineTwenty-two caregivers valued seeing an average of six providers in one visit and clear next steps, but found the long, back-to-back clinic environment overwhelming.
• OTCohort2023Executive function and behaviour problems in school-age children born at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia.Developmental medicine and child neurologyChildren exposed to neonatal hypoglycaemia had similar results on computerised executive function tasks but parents reported more difficulty initiating, planning, organising and self-monitoring, plus peer problems, especially after severe or recurrent low glucose. Teacher reports did not show the same pattern.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Early Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity After Concussion Is Associated With Faster Symptom Resolution Time.Journal of sport rehabilitationAdolescents recovering from concussion who engaged in more than 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity daily resolved symptoms faster than those who did less. This association persisted even after adjusting for initial symptom severity and sex.
• OTSLPOther2024"He Sees his Autism as a Strength, Not a Deficit Now": A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study Investigating the Impact of Strengths-Based Programs on Autistic Adolescents.Journal of autism and developmental disordersParents reported high satisfaction with community coding and STEAM programs for autistic teens, but outcomes remained stable over three years rather than improving. Only community participation increased significantly in the final year, while confidence dipped in the second year.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2024The Well-being and Support Needs of Australian Caregivers of Neurodiverse Children.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCaregivers of neurodiverse children reported clinically significant stress and lower well-being than national averages. They identified major unmet needs for respite, support groups, and funding, with many facing financial hardship and social isolation due to stigma and lack of accessible services.
• OTSLPSurvey2024Urban and rural differences in needs, service use and satisfaction among caregivers of autistic children in Morocco.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceRural caregivers reported far less non-medication intervention and school enrolment for their children than urban caregivers, despite similar verbal ability and satisfaction. Priorities were similar, but challenges differed.
• OTOther2024Evaluating the Experiences of Occupational Therapists and Children Using the SensoGrip Pressure-Sensitive Pen in a Handwriting Intervention: Multimethods Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesOccupational therapists and children accepted the SensoGrip pressure-sensitive pen, with 80% of children giving it the highest satisfaction rating. Therapists found it useful for visualizing handwriting pressure and guiding therapy, though it is a prototype with some technical faults.
• OTSLPCohort2023Associations between executive function and attention abilities and language and social communication skills in young autistic children.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIn young autistic children, weaker working memory and planning were linked to poorer social communication, and poorer inhibition and shifting were linked to more social pragmatic problems. Stronger expressive vocabulary was linked to better sustained attention during a video.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Sleep Problems, Circadian Rhythms, and Their Relation to Behavioral Difficulties in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersIn children with autism, objective measures showed that poor sleep and unstable daily rhythms were linked to higher anxiety, aggression, and self-injury. Treating sleep fragmentation may help manage behavioral difficulties, though this study cannot prove cause.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024Resilience and adolescence-transition in youth with developmental disabilities and their families: a scoping review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesResilience in teens with neurodevelopmental disabilities relies on emotional regulation, social competence, and family support. Current interventions target these but miss key factors like self-advocacy and caregiver well-being. Online and group formats may improve accessibility.
• PTOTSLPCase-Control2023Biomarkers of tic severity in children with Tourette syndrome: Motor cortex inhibition measured with transcranial magnetic stimulation.Developmental medicine and child neurologyTourette syndrome children did not show different brain inhibition compared to typically developing peers. However, within the Tourette group, worse tics linked to lower inhibition in the motor cortex. This suggests motor cortex activity reflects tic severity, not just the diagnosis.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2024Autism community priorities in diverse low-resource settings: A country-wide scoping exercise in India.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceIndian autism families ranked self-help skills as the top priority for training and speech and language therapy as the most needed intervention. Mental health counselling was second, but parents sought it for themselves rather than their children.
• OTSurvey2023Positive and negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on families of young children in rural Colombia and implications for child outcome research.Child: care, health and developmentFamilies of 70 preschool children in rural Colombia reported many pandemic losses, yet most rated overall family impact as positive. Caregivers described improved family closeness, while income loss and distress remained common.
• OTSLPCohort2024Using Life Course Theory to Explore the Association Between Autistic Traits, Child, Family, and School Factors and the Successful Transition to Secondary School.Journal of autism and developmental disordersHigher autistic traits were associated with better quality of life, mental health, and school belonging in 51 students transitioning to secondary school. Female students and school refusal were linked to poorer outcomes.
• OTCohort2023Feeding difficulties in patients with Phenylketonuria.CoDASCaregivers reported similar rates of feeding difficulties in children with and without PKU. However, children with PKU showed significantly less self-feeding autonomy, were breastfed less often, and relied on bottles more frequently than healthy controls.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024Opioid prescription patterns among commercially insured children with and without cerebral palsy.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineChildren with cerebral palsy were prescribed opioids more often and for more days than peers without CP. Median supply was 7 to 8 days annually. This pattern suggests acute pain management rather than chronic use, though overall exposure rates remain higher in the CP group.
• PTOTPilot2024Non-immersive virtual reality based treatment for children with unilateral cerebral palsy: Preliminary results.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineSix children with unilateral cerebral palsy accepted a non-immersive virtual reality upper-limb programme; some found it boring or tiring. Motor scores and daily hand use improved, but no control group means the VR treatment cannot be shown to cause the gains.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2023Community-based physical activity interventions for adolescents and adults with complex cerebral palsy: A scoping review.Developmental medicine and child neurologyCommunity exercise is safe for people with severe cerebral palsy. Across 17 studies, serious injuries were rare and dropouts low. Most pain or fatigue was minor and resolved quickly, suggesting therapists can confidently prescribe activity in community settings.
• PTOTSLPRCT2024Using Pivotal Response Treatment to Improve Language Functions of Autistic Children in Special Schools: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of autism and developmental disordersAdding Pivotal Response Treatment motivational strategies to standard language therapy helped autistic children with intellectual disabilities improve requesting, labeling, repeating, and listening. These gains held up three weeks later and appeared in new settings, unlike standard therapy alone.
• PTOTCohort2024Are tactile function and body awareness of the foot related to motor outcomes in children with upper motor neuron lesions?Frontiers in rehabilitation sciencesAssessing how well children with upper motor neuron lesions can locate touch on a foot diagram, rather than on their own foot, correlated with their walking ability and motor control. Simple touch threshold tests did not relate to motor outcomes.
• PTOTSLPOther2023Comparison between the socio-educational profiles of children with verbal and non-verbal Autism Spectrum Disorder.CoDASChildren with verbal autism scored higher than those with non-verbal autism across all seven developmental areas, including imitation, perception, motor skills, and cognition. Age differences between the groups likely influenced these results, so the gap may not be due to language alone.
• OTCase-Control2023Neuropsychiatric phenotypes in children with Noonan syndrome.Developmental medicine and child neurologyParents reported more attention, executive function, social, and aggression difficulties in children with Noonan syndrome. ADHD and oppositional symptoms were common, but objective cognitive differences did not persist after accounting for IQ.
• PTOTSLPCohort2024School participation among young people with craniofacial microsomia and other childhood-onset disabilities.Developmental medicine and child neurologyFor children with craniofacial microsomia or other disabilities, school environmental support and fewer physical problems linked to better participation. Caregiver strategies amplified the link between support and attendance, but not involvement. Behavioral problems showed no direct effect.
• OTSLPCase-Control2024Acoustic and Semantic Processing of Auditory Scenes in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.Journal of autism and developmental disordersChildren with autism detected changes in complex sounds and understood speech in noise as well as peers matched for IQ, but worse than age-matched peers. Both groups used meaning and sound cues similarly, suggesting autism alone does not impair auditory scene processing.
• PTOTCohort2024Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises (PSSE-Schroth) can reduce the risk for progression during early growth in curves below 25°: prospective control study.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicineAdolescents with mild scoliosis who did specific exercises five times a week had a 12.9% progression rate and 9.8% brace need, compared to 74.1% progression and 67.2% brace need in controls. Compliance was key: fully compliant patients had only 7.7% progression.
• OTCohort2024Visual-motor integration in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: application of the computer-aided measure of visual-motor integration.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with unilateral cerebral palsy showed poorer visual-motor integration when copying shapes. A computer-aided measure detected subtle errors in square copying that standard pass/fail tests missed. This suggests square copying is a key early indicator of visual-motor difficulties in this group.
• OTSLPCohort2024Developmental Skills Moderate the Association Between Core Autism Features and Adaptive Behaviour in Early Childhood.Journal of autism and developmental disordersThe link between social autism features and adaptive behaviour was not clearly changed by developmental skills. Developmental skills were more strongly linked to adaptive behaviour than social features were. Social features were linked only when developmental quotient was 48.33 or lower.
• PTOTSLPSurvey2024Exploring the sexual experiences and challenges of individuals with cerebral palsy.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineMost adults with cerebral palsy in this survey had sexual experience, but positioning difficulty and pain were common barriers. Participants reported that healthcare providers rarely discuss sexuality, despite a strong desire for body-positive guidance and practical solutions.
• OTRCT2024Parent, child, and family outcomes following Acceptance And Commitment Therapy for parents of autistic children: A randomized controlled trial.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceA three-session Acceptance and Commitment Therapy workshop reduced parent depression and family distress. These gains were maintained at four-month follow-up. However, the workshop did not improve child mental health or overall family functioning.
• OTCohort2024Concussion symptom presentation and clinical recovery among pediatric athletes: comparing concussions sustained during school and summer months.Brain injuryChildren and teens with sport-related concussion seen in summer reported fewer total and cognitive symptoms than those seen during school year. Time to symptom resolution did not differ, but summer injuries were cleared for return to sport sooner.
• OTSLPOther2024Caregivers' Assessment of the Sensory Processing Patterns Exhibited by Children with Autism in the Gulf Region.Journal of autism and developmental disordersCaregiver ratings showed children with mild or high-functioning autism had widespread sensory differences, especially touch, body position, movement, hearing and oral input. Visual processing was typical. Older age was linked to slightly fewer symptoms.
• PTOTSLPCohort2023Prevalence and trends for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children living with cerebral palsy: A birds-eye view.Developmental medicine and child neurologyMost Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children with cerebral palsy live in urban or regional areas, but one in five are in remote locations. Birth prevalence declined recently, though not significantly, while preterm rates remained stable. This data supports culturally safe, accessible services in both city and remote settings.
• PTOTSLPOther2024Validating the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales-Developmental Profile Infant-Toddler Checklist (CSBS-DP ITC) Beyond Infancy in the CDKL5 Deficiency Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disordersThe CSBS-DP ITC accurately distinguishes children with CDKL5 deficiency disorder by communication and motor abilities, but scores cluster at the bottom. Use the total score, not the three subscales, and expect limited sensitivity to small changes.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2024Leisure, Employment, Community Participation, and Quality of Life in Primary Caregivers of Autistic Children: A Qualitative Study.Journal of autism and developmental disordersMothers of autistic school-aged children described their quality of life as limited by the constant need to manage therapies, funding, and school crises. They identified employment and respite as key to reclaiming time, but navigating services often added to their workload.
• PTOTCase Series2024Utilizing combination intrathecal baclofen and analgesic medication to manage spasticity and pain in patients with pediatric-onset disability: Case series.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicineAfter bupivacaine, morphine, or clonidine were added to intrathecal baclofen in patients with severe pediatric-onset spasticity and pain, families reported improvements in spasticity, pain, function, and quality of life. This is a case series, not evidence that the combination works.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2024Trajectory research in children with an autism diagnosis: A scoping review.Autism : the international journal of research and practiceThis review maps how autism research tracks child development over time. It found inconsistent methods and sample sizes, with many studies failing to report results by child age. This makes it hard to compare findings or determine what typical developmental paths look like for specific outcomes.