TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,792 PAPERS · PAGE 9 OF 56 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTSLPCohort2018Cluster Analysis of Vulnerable Groups in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationIn acute traumatic brain injury rehab, 148 patients formed four vulnerability clusters. Clusters differed in length of stay and functional independence gains, and elderly medically complex patients were the oldest cluster.
• PTOTOther2018Comparison of Self-Report Versus Sensor-Based Methods for Measuring the Amount of Upper Limb Activity Outside the Clinic.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationSelf-reported and sensor-measured upper limb use correlate moderately but disagree frequently. Only five participants were consistently accurate. Therapists should not assume a patient's report of arm use matches objective data, nor use the two measures interchangeably.
• PTOTCohort2018Discharge Patterns for Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke Patients Going From Acute Care Hospitals to Inpatient and Skilled Nursing Rehabilitation.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationAcross 122,084 Medicare patients, discharge to intensive rehabilitation versus skilled nursing varied widely by hospital, not just by stroke severity. Patients sent to skilled nursing were older, female, and had more comorbidities and lower function. Hospital-level patterns drove these decisions more than clinical factors alone.
• OTQualitative2018A Latent Content Analysis of Barriers and Supports to Healthcare: Perspectives From Caregivers of Service Members and Veterans With Military-Related Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationCaregivers described barriers as the most frequent topic about accessing services. They reported delayed appointments, documentation problems, financial strain, and navigation difficulties, but also valued stipends, care coordinators, counseling, and community groups.
• PTOTNarrative Review2018Evaluation of Performance-Based Outcome Measures for the Upper Limb: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationMost upper-limb performance tests used for amputees and stroke patients assess one-hand tasks in front of the body, rely on subjective judgments, and rarely capture sensation or movement quality. Few cover all movement zones or two-handed daily use.
• PTOTCohort2018Epidemiology of hip fracture in nursing home residents with multiple sclerosis.Disability and health journalNursing home residents with multiple sclerosis had lower hip fracture rates than matched residents without MS, except in residents requiring extensive or total transfer assistance. Within MS, wandering, low BMI, antidepressants and opioids were linked to higher fracture risk.
• PTOTPilot2018Can telerehabilitation games lead to functional improvement of upper extremities in individuals with Parkinson's disease?International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptationParkinson's patients who played a home 'Fruit Picking' game for three weeks wrote letters and moved light objects faster, and scored better on hand dexterity and motor exams. No control group was used, so these gains cannot be separated from time or other factors.
• OTSLPPilot2018Social Participation and Navigation (SPAN): Description and usability of app-based coaching intervention for adolescents with TBI.Developmental neurorehabilitationFour adolescents with brain injury used an app, a website, and weekly coaching for four weeks. Feedback was positive and two achieved social participation goals. Measured social and behavior scores did not show a clear change.
• PTOTSurvey2018Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a Fatigability Index for Full-Time Wheelchair Users With Spinal Cord Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationFull-time wheelchair users with spinal cord injury reported physical and mental fatigue across many activities. The new physical and mental scales each behaved mainly as one overall score, but they were tested in a self-selected sample and are not proof of treatment benefit.
• PTOTPilot2018Preliminary findings of altered functional connectivity of the default mode network linked to functional outcomes one year after pediatric traumatic brain injury.Developmental neurorehabilitationOne year after mild to moderate brain injury, children showed altered brain network connections associated with poorer complex motor inhibition. Basic motor speed and simple inhibition were not related. This is preliminary evidence from 11 injured and 11 uninjured children.
• PTOTCohort2019Psychosocial Comorbidities Related to Return to Work Rates Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Journal of occupational rehabilitationOlder age and higher depression or anxiety scores predicted failure to return to work after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. State anxiety at three months was linked to not returning to work at twelve months. Screen for both mood and anxiety disorders to identify patients needing support.
• OTSystematic Review2018Systematic Review of Caregiver and Dyad Interventions After Adult Traumatic Brain Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationSome caregiver and dyad interventions after adult TBI reduced caregiver depression and burden in 3 studies with positive results, but the evidence is too mixed to recommend one approach.
• OTCohort2019Relationship Between Hispanic Nativity, Residential Environment, and Productive Activity Among Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury: A TBI Model Systems Study.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationFor Hispanic people with TBI, birthplace and local foreign-language share were not linked to productive activity by themselves. Together, foreign-born people in higher foreign-language areas were 2.82 times more likely to work, study, or volunteer at 1 year.
• OTCohort2019Population of Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury in Skilled Nursing Facilities: A Decade of Change.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationMore people with TBI were admitted to U.S. skilled nursing facilities from 2005 to 2014. They were older, and fewer had severe functional or cognitive impairment.
• OTRCT2018Nerve Stimulation Enhances Task-Oriented Training for Moderate-to-Severe Hemiparesis 3-12 Months After Stroke: A Randomized Trial.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationAdding nerve stimulation to intensive arm training improved task-based hand performance more than sham stimulation with the same training at the end of treatment in adults with moderate-to-severe stroke arm weakness.
• PTOTOther2019Understanding Health-Related Quality of Life in Caregivers of Civilians and Service Members/Veterans With Traumatic Brain Injury: Establishing the Reliability and Validity of PROMIS Fatigue and Sleep Disturbance Item Banks.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationThe PROMIS Fatigue and Sleep Disturbance tests are reliable and valid for caregivers of people with traumatic brain injury. They take under a minute to complete and accurately distinguish caregivers of high-functioning patients from those of low-functioning patients.
• PTOTSLPOther2018Quality of life and psychological well-being in the early stages of multiple sclerosis (MS): Importance of adopting a biopsychosocial model.Disability and health journalIn newly diagnosed MS, anxiety and locus of control predicted 40% of quality of life variance, outweighing disease symptoms. Clinicians should assess coping and perceived control early, not just physical disability.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Improvement During Inpatient Rehabilitation Among Older Adults With Guillain-Barré Syndrome, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson Disease, and Stroke.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationOlder adults with Guillain-Barré, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease, or stroke all improved in self-care, mobility, and cognition during inpatient rehabilitation. Patients with Guillain-Barré showed the largest gains, followed by stroke, while those with multiple sclerosis and Parkinson disease made more modest but still meaningful progress.
• OTOther2019The Development of a New Computer Adaptive Test to Evaluate Feelings of Being Trapped in Caregivers of Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury: TBI-CareQOL Feeling Trapped Item Bank.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationA new caregiver measure of feeling trapped after TBI gives a score in under a minute. The computer test often asked 4 items and averaged 32 seconds. It can flag caregivers who may need respite or support.
• PTOTSLPOther2019Understanding Health-Related Quality of Life of Caregivers of Civilians and Service Members/Veterans With Traumatic Brain Injury: Establishing the Reliability and Validity of PROMIS Social Health Measures.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationPROMIS social health measures provide reliable, rapid scores for caregivers of people with TBI. They accurately distinguish caregivers of those with low functional ability, who report significantly worse social health than the general population, enabling targeted support.
• PTOTMeta-Analysis2018Repetitive Peripheral Sensory Stimulation and Upper Limb Performance in Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairRepetitive peripheral sensory stimulation, usually paired with motor training, was associated with upper limb motor gains in chronic stroke in small pooled trials, but participants likely knew they received active treatment. The two-hour protocol may be hard to use.
• OTOther2019Convergent Validity and Responsiveness of the SULCS.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationThe SULCS test tracks upper-limb recovery in stroke patients as accurately as longer, more complex measures. It correlates strongly with established tests and shows no scoring gaps, offering a quicker way to monitor hand function changes over six months.
• OTRCT2019Benefits of Methylphenidate for Long-Term Attention Problems After Traumatic Brain Injury in Childhood: A Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Titration, Crossover Trial.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationLong-acting methylphenidate lowered parent-reported attention symptoms in children with persistent attention problems after pediatric TBI more than placebo. The paper describes this as an approximate mean change from baseline of 12.5 points on the Vanderbilt parent total symptom score. Child self-report did not differ.
• OTMeta-Analysis2019The Effect of Antidepressants on Depression After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Meta-analysis.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationAntidepressants did not reduce depression after traumatic brain injury more than placebo in 5 randomized trials. Scores improved before and after treatment in uncontrolled studies, but that cannot separate drug effect from time or spontaneous improvement.
• PTOTOther2018Motor Impairment-Related Alterations in Biceps and Triceps Brachii Fascicle Lengths in Chronic Hemiparetic Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairIn 11 people with chronic stroke, biceps and triceps muscle bundles in the paretic arm were shorter than the other arm at rest. More severe arm impairment was linked to greater relative shortening of the biceps than the triceps.
• PTOTSLPCase Series2018Feasibility of Aerobic Exercise in the Subacute Phase of Recovery From Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Series.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTFive patients with moderate-to-severe brain injury tolerated adding aerobic exercise to their rehabilitation. They attended sessions consistently, but most failed to reach the target heart rate zone, and self-reported effort did not match heart rate data.
• OTSLPOther2019Depression Characterization and Race Among Stroke Survivors Receiving Inpatient Rehabilitation.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitationDepression was documented in 35% of white, 22% of African American, and 16.7% of other race/ethnicity stroke inpatient rehabilitation patients. New onset rates were 21.6%, 14.5%, and 16.7%.
• PTOTRCT2019Clinical study of combined mirror and extracorporeal shock wave therapy on upper limb spasticity in poststroke patients.International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptationFor poststroke upper limb spasticity, adding mirror therapy and shock wave therapy to usual rehabilitation showed better arm movement and lower tone scores than adding either one alone or usual rehabilitation alone.
• OTOther2019The TBI-CareQOL Measurement System: Development and Preliminary Validation of Health-Related Quality of Life Measures for Caregivers of Civilians and Service Members/Veterans With Traumatic Brain Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationCaregivers of people with lower functioning after TBI reported poorer quality of life than caregivers of people with higher functioning. New TBI-specific caregiver measures and existing quality-of-life scales both made this distinction in 560 caregivers.
• PTOTSLPPilot2018The difficulty of studying race-ethnic stroke rehabilitation disparities in a community.Topics in stroke rehabilitationCommunity stroke rehabilitation data collection across physical, occupational and speech therapy venues was feasible to set up, but only 13 of 63 partners used the forms and 20 of 48 patients contributed data. This pilot cannot yet answer disparity questions.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Course of Social Participation in the First 2 Years After Stroke and Its Associations With Demographic and Stroke-Related Factors.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairSocial participation did not simply improve after stroke. People increased work and household hours over two years while social and leisure activity decreased, and restrictions eased mostly in the first year. Older, lower-educated, and ADL-dependent patients showed worse courses.
• OTCohort2019Using Decision Tree Methodology to Predict Employment After Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationAfter moderate to severe traumatic brain injury, shorter post-traumatic amnesia was the strongest predictor of later competitive employment. Preinjury job type and higher education also appeared. This was a prediction model, not treatment evidence.
• PTOTRCT2018Home-based transcranial direct current stimulation plus tracking training therapy in people with stroke: an open-label feasibility study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSix people with chronic stroke safely completed home-based tDCS and finger tracking. All participants could set up the equipment and recommended the program. However, the intervention did not improve motor or cognitive function, likely because the five short sessions were insufficient for efficacy.
• PTOTCohort2018Improved quality of life following constraint-induced movement therapy is associated with gains in arm use, but not motor improvement.Topics in stroke rehabilitationAfter constraint-induced movement therapy, better daily use of the weaker arm tracked with better quality of life. Objective motor test gains did not track the same way, so carry-over into everyday tasks may matter more than test scores alone.
• PTOTRCT2018Dissociating motor learning from recovery in exoskeleton training post-stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationMovement smoothness during Armeo Spring training improved in a fast phase and a slow phase. The early fast change was not a good marker of reduced impairment; only the slower change was associated with Fugl-Meyer score improvement. Initial exoskeleton scores are poor recovery markers.
• PTOTNarrative Review2018Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Poststroke Motor Recovery: Challenges and Opportunities.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitationtDCS is not ready for routine poststroke motor recovery. The review says efficacy data are mixed, optimal dose is unclear, and patient selection, safety, and trial design issues remain.
• PTOTOther2018Differences in activities of daily living between people with subacute stroke who received knee-ankle-foot and ankle-foot orthoses at admission.Journal of physical therapy scienceStroke inpatients prescribed KAFO were more dependent in daily activities at admission than those prescribed AFO. Bed, chair and wheelchair transfer scores, lower-limb motor stage and total independence were linked to which orthosis was chosen.
• PTOTSurvey2019Sex/gender disparities in health outcomes of individuals with long-term disabling conditions.Rehabilitation psychologyAmong adults with long-term disabling conditions, physical function and depressive symptoms varied by age, and women reported more severe fatigue and pain than men. Younger women functioned better, older women worse, and women aged 45 to 54 reported more depressive symptoms.
• PTOTRCT2018Development of a 3D, networked multi-user virtual reality environment for home therapy after stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA 3D virtual reality system promoted arm movement comparable to standard exercises and was liked by participants, but they found it harder to understand and preferred simple home exercises. The technology shows promise for engagement but needs easier controls before it can replace standard care.
• OTSLPOther2019Social-cue perception and mentalizing ability following traumatic brain injury: A human-robot interaction study.Brain injuryAdults with TBI used a robot's brief gaze toward an object to guess what it was thinking. They needed fewer questions when the robot looked at the target. This suggests they can read simple social cues in quiet, controlled settings.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2019What factors affect clinical decision-making about access to stroke rehabilitation? A systematic review.Clinical rehabilitationClinicians deciding stroke rehabilitation access weighed age, dementia, pre and poststroke function, social support, motivation, expected discharge, bed shortages, and their own knowledge or gut instinct. No service reported using formal criteria.
• PTOTOther2018The Body Position Spatial Task, a Test of Whole-Body Spatial Cognition: Comparison Between Adults With and Without Parkinson Disease.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairThe Body Position Spatial Task did not distinguish adults with mild-moderate Parkinson disease from age-matched adults without Parkinson disease, although it was feasible and took 5 to 10 minutes.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2019Paretic propulsion as a measure of walking performance and functional motor recovery post-stroke: A review.Gait & postureWalking speed alone can hide persistent weakness in the affected leg. Measuring how much of the forward push comes from the paretic side reveals true recovery. Therapies targeting this propulsion, not just speed, may better restore function.
• PTOTOther2018Manual wheelchair downhill stability: an analysis of factors affecting tip probability.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationBump height, speed, and rear axle position drove downhill wheelchair tipping in simulations. Lowering the seat and reclining the backrest favoured rolling over or stopping, but recline increased backward tipping risk.
• OTSLPCase Series2018Assessment of Covert Consciousness in the Intensive Care Unit: Clinical and Ethical Considerations.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationIn ICU cases of severe TBI, fMRI detected covert consciousness in a patient whose family withdrew care before results were known, while a patient with no fMRI or EEG response later recovered independence. Use fMRI and EEG alongside bedside assessment, not alone.
• PTOTOther2019Exercise and Parkinson Disease: Comparing Tango, Treadmill, and Stretching.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPTTreadmill walking improved forward and backward gait speed more than stretching or tango, but none of the changes across the three groups were large enough to be clinically meaningful for people with Parkinson disease.
• OTRCT2019Five-year follow-up of a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a client-centred activities of daily living intervention for people with stroke.Clinical rehabilitationFive years after stroke, a client-centred daily living intervention did not improve participants' perceived participation compared with usual daily living care. Their significant others had fewer depression signs, but this was not the main result.
• PTOTOther2018Differences in body awareness and its effects on balance function and independence in activities of daily living for stroke.Journal of physical therapy scienceStroke survivors with lower fall risk and less need for daily assistance reported higher body awareness. The study did not show that improving body awareness caused these differences.
• PTOTRCT2018Kinect-based assessment of proximal arm non-use after a stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA marker-less Kinect sensor measured proximal arm non-use in stroke survivors with good accuracy compared to a reference system. It reliably tracked shoulder and elbow movement reserve, offering a low-cost, easy-to-set-up alternative for clinical assessment.
• PTOTOther2018Relationships Between Affected-Leg Motor Impairment, Postural Asymmetry, and Impaired Body Sway Control After Unilateral Supratentorial Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairStroke survivors with good leg motor scores often still have asymmetric balance control. They shift weight to the less-affected leg to compensate. This hides the problem in standard walking tests. Therapists should suspect hidden deficits in complex tasks like single-leg stance or hopping.