TOPIC

Neurological research

Everything we have read on neurological. Each paper is summarised from the full article rather than its abstract, so the limitations are in there too, and the funding wherever the paper declares it.

2,792 PAPERS · PAGE 8 OF 56 · NEWEST FIRST

• PTOTMeta-Analysis2018What do randomized controlled trials say about virtual rehabilitation in stroke? A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of upper-limb and cognitive outcomes.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationVirtual rehabilitation added small to medium gains in arm movement and daily tasks over usual therapy. Both custom systems and game consoles helped, but participation outcomes did not improve.
• OTNarrative Review2018Evolution of Cognitive Rehabilitation After Stroke From Traditional Techniques to Smart and Personalized Home-Based Information and Communication Technology Systems: Literature Review.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesStroke-related apraxia, action disorganization and hemiparesis disrupt daily tasks. Traditional cognitive rehabilitation relies on therapist guidance, and home technology systems are emerging, but this review does not show that they improve function.
• PTOTRCT2018A randomized, double-blind study to assess if vitamin D treatment affects the outcomes of rehabilitation and balance in hemiplegic patients.Journal of physical therapy scienceIn hemiplegic stroke patients with low vitamin D, a vitamin D injection added to 3 months of rehabilitation showed better balance and daily-life scores than saline. Walking and motor recovery were not clearly improved.
• PTOTRCT2018Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis. Part 2: Effect on White Matter Integrity.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairA constraint-induced movement therapy package of intensive more-affected arm training, shaping, transfer procedures and a restraining mitt increased white matter integrity in this small pilot of people with MS. Relaxation, aquatic therapy, massage, music and yoga did not. Components cannot be separated.
• PTOTRCT2018Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis. Part 1: Effects on Real-World Function.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairTen adults with MS who received intensive constraint-induced movement therapy reported using their weaker arm in daily life at 85% of normal levels after treatment, up from 25%. This gain held at one year. The comparison group saw little real-world improvement.
• PTOTRCT2018Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Enhances Motor Skill Learning but Not Generalization in Chronic Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairAdding real anodal tDCS to five days of pinch training raised the trained-task learning score (2.29 vs 1.53), but gave no extra gain on untrained hand tests. Training alone improved those tests.
• PTOTSLPRCT2018Evaluating the effects of delivering integrated kinesthetic and tactile cues to individuals with unilateral hemiparetic stroke during overground walking.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationAdding tactile vibration to a kinesthetic cane did not improve walking symmetry or muscle activity more than the cane alone. Balance measures showed no significant change. The benefits seen at higher speeds were driven by the speed itself, not the added vibration.
• OTCohort2018Psychological well-being in individuals living in the community with traumatic brain injury.Brain injuryPeople after traumatic brain injury who were not working or volunteering reported low life satisfaction, high distress, and cognitive difficulties. Several well-being questions tended to agree, so a single question may not show the whole picture.
• PTOTRCT2018Post-stroke unilateral spatial neglect: virtual reality-based navigation and detection tasks reveal lateralized and non-lateralized deficits in tasks of varying perceptual and cognitive demands.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationStroke survivors with unilateral spatial neglect missed remembered or shifting left targets by larger distances and were slower to detect targets in a seated virtual-reality task. Standard neglect tests did not track these navigation errors.
• PTOTNarrative Review2018The Use of Digital and Remote Communication Technologies as a Tool for Multiple Sclerosis Management: Narrative Review.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesEvidence for MS digital tools is mostly small studies; large trials are lacking, so do not assume they improve outcomes. Many are usable and accepted.
• PTOTSystematic Review2018Person-Generated Health Data in Simulated Rehabilitation Using Kinect for Stroke: Literature Review.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesKinect-based stroke rehabilitation systems rarely let patients see their own performance data. Therapists should not assume home users are self-managing their recovery; most systems hide the clinical metrics that would allow it.
• PTOTRCT2018Reliability, validity and discriminant ability of the instrumental indices provided by a novel planar robotic device for upper limb rehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobot scores from a simple reaching task were stable day-to-day in 48 subacute stroke patients and matched arm function scales. Time and speed changed on retest, so give a familiarization trial before using them to track recovery.
• PTOTQualitative2018Perceptions of Existing Wearable Robotic Devices for Upper Extremity and Suggestions for Their Development: Findings From Therapists and People With Stroke.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesPeople with stroke and therapists had different priorities for upper-limb devices. Stroke survivors wanted simple, portable assistive tools for daily life to maintain independence. Therapists wanted complex therapeutic devices to complement clinical sessions. Cost and lack of evidence hindered adoption for both groups.
• PTOTOther2017Community integration of adults with disabilities post discharge from an in-patient rehabilitation unit in the Western Cape.The South African journal of physiotherapyAdults 7 to 9 months after inpatient rehabilitation in South Africa had low community integration, especially work, recreation, social activities and mobility. The authors recommended targeting these areas.
• PTOTSurvey2017The relationship between physical fitness and community participation in people with spinal cord injury.The South African journal of physiotherapyPeople with spinal cord injury who pushed farther in a six-minute wheelchair test and felt less exertion afterwards reported higher satisfaction with community participation. The study did not test whether fitness training improves participation.
• OTSurvey2017Relationships between Caregiving Stress, Depression, and Self-Esteem in Family Caregivers of Adults with a Disability.Occupational therapy internationalFamily caregivers of adults with disability reported more stress when depression was higher, and lower self-esteem when financial or psychological stress was higher. Older spousal caregivers with no paid work and long caregiving hours reported more stress.
• PTOTRCT2018Reliability, validity, and clinical feasibility of a rapid and objective assessment of post-stroke deficits in hand proprioception.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationA robot test of finger position sense took about 12.3 minutes and was repeatable on the stroke-affected hand, but it did not match bedside sensory tests and was not repeatable on the less affected hand.
• OTSLPCase-Control2018Convergent thinking and traumatic brain injury: an investigation of performance on the remote associate test.Brain injuryPeople with moderate-to-severe TBI were 2.45 times less likely to solve remote associate problems than healthy people. In the TBI group, poor problem-solving tracked with verbal memory and processing speed, but not executive function tests.
• PTOTNarrative Review2018Rehabilitation robots for the treatment of sensorimotor deficits: a neurophysiological perspective.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationRobot-assisted therapy can increase repetitions and standardize training, and may help walking recovery, but many devices lack clinical evaluation and superiority over dose-matched conventional therapy is not established.
• OTOther2018Examining Anosognosia of Neglect.OTJR : occupation, participation and healthStroke survivors with neglect frequently lack insight into their own deficits. Personal neglect, such as grooming or dressing, showed the highest rate of unawareness at up to 83.3%. Assessors rated neglect severity significantly higher than patients did, indicating a substantial gap in self-awareness.
• OTCohort2018Does a regular Wessex Head Injury Matrix assessment identify early signs of infections in people with Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness?Brain injuryIn people with prolonged disorders of consciousness, WHIM behavioural scores often dropped when infection was present. It happened in 17 of 21 retrospective and 15 of 22 prospective patients, but vegetative-state scores may not change.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Should I stay or should I go? A prospective investigation examining individual factors impacting employment status among individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).Work (Reading, Mass.)Among employed people with multiple sclerosis, those considering leaving work had higher physical fatigue, lower self-efficacy, and relied more on behavioral disengagement than humor. This pattern appeared early in the disease course, suggesting psychosocial factors drive job decisions before physical disability peaks.
• PTOTCohort2018Does Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Have an Added Value to Clinical Assessment in Predicting Upper-Limb Function Very Early After Severe Stroke?Neurorehabilitation and neural repairAdding TMS to the SAFE clinical test did not improve 6-month upper-limb prediction. At 11 days, SAFE plus TMS was better than TMS alone, but not better than SAFE alone.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018Difference in independent mobility improvement from admission to discharge between subacute stroke patients using knee-ankle-foot and those using ankle-foot orthoses.Journal of physical therapy sciencePatients prescribed knee-ankle-foot orthoses had smaller mobility improvements than those prescribed ankle-foot orthoses, but they also started with more severe impairments. The orthosis type alone did not cause the difference; initial severity and age were strong predictors of recovery.
• PTOTOther2018Examining Guided and Directed Cues in Strategy Training and Usual Rehabilitation.OTJR : occupation, participation and healthIn 20 inpatient stroke rehabilitation video sessions, strategy training used more guided cues than usual occupational or physical therapy: 42.5% guided versus 3% to 4%. It also used fewer cues per minute. This describes therapist behavior, not patient outcomes.
• PTOTRCT2018Early Shortening of Wrist Flexor Muscles Coincides With Poor Recovery After Stroke.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairPatients whose arm recovery after stroke was poor already had shorter wrist flexor muscles and stiffer wrist tissue around week 4 or 5. Reflex torque differences appeared later, around week 12. With 36 patients, this cannot show that shortening caused poor recovery.
• PTOTRCT2018Assisting hand function after spinal cord injury with a fabric-based soft robotic glove.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationNine people with spinal cord injuries lifted objects more successfully while wearing a soft robotic glove operated by a researcher. The glove improved hand function scores and lift force, but participants could not put it on themselves.
• PTOTSystematic Review2018The effects of error-augmentation versus error-reduction paradigms in robotic therapy to enhance upper extremity performance and recovery post-stroke: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationError augmentation in robotic therapy improved movement quality more than standard practice, but gains did not reach the threshold for clinically meaningful change. Error reduction showed no clear benefit over standard practice.
• OTPilot2018Feasibility of a Novel Intervention to Improve Participation after Stroke.The British journal of occupational therapyA home-based occupational therapy program adding modifications and strategy training to usual stroke care was feasible and safe. Participants in the intervention group showed large, clinically meaningful improvements in community participation and daily activity performance at six months compared to an education-only control group.
• OTRCT2018A Cognitive Occupation-Based Programme for People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Study to Test Feasibility and Clinical Outcomes.Occupational therapy internationalGoal achievement improved after a 9-week occupation-based cognitive programme for 12 people with MS. Some memory and attention scores also improved. The pilot had no control group, so it cannot show the programme caused the gains.
• PTOTRCT2018Error-augmented bimanual therapy for stroke survivors.NeuroRehabilitationIn chronic stroke, error-augmented bimanual robot practice did not improve primary arm motor scores more than sham practice. Both groups gained, and after excluding one control participant, the error-augmented group showed a small follow-up gain.
• PTOTCohort2018Recovery of kinematic arm function in well-performing people with subacute stroke: a longitudinal cohort study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationArm movement quality did not improve over follow-up in high-functioning stroke patients. Elbow speed and trunk or shoulder compensation remained different from healthy controls.
• PTOTSLPSystematic Review2018Traumatic brain injury education for adult patients and families: a scoping review.Brain injuryEducation for brain injury varies widely. In mild cases, it can match intensive therapy for some symptoms. In moderate to severe cases, education alone rarely improves outcomes unless combined with problem-solving and support. Written materials are often ignored; patients need in-person explanation.
• PTOTRCT2018Using an upper extremity exoskeleton for semi-autonomous exercise during inpatient neurological rehabilitation- a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationSeverely affected stroke patients accepted extra upper-limb exoskeleton training without therapist support, but used about 55% of offered sessions. Some arm strength and movement improved, yet with no control group this cannot be credited to the device.
• OTRCT2018Effects of modified constraint-induced movement therapy on upper extremity function and occupational performance of stroke patients.Journal of physical therapy scienceAdding modified constraint-induced movement therapy to standard rehab improved arm use and daily task performance in stroke patients. The standard rehab group alone showed little change. With only 14 participants, these results are preliminary and require confirmation in larger trials.
• PTOTRCT2018Effects of shoulder strapping in patients with stroke: A randomised control trial.The South African journal of physiotherapyShoulder strapping did not significantly improve pain, subluxation, tone, or motor function compared to standard care. While some non-significant trends favoured longitudinal strapping, the trial found no statistical evidence that either strapping technique changes clinical outcomes in stroke patients.
• PTOTSLPQualitative2018Adoption of Stroke Rehabilitation Technologies by the User Community: Qualitative Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologiesStakeholders agreed 10 priorities for stroke rehabilitation technology and 3 steps to improve adoption: an annual exhibition, a stakeholder network, and a consumer rater website.
• PTOTSLPNarrative Review2018Designing robot-assisted neurorehabilitation strategies for people with both HIV and stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationPeople with both HIV and stroke face overlapping cognitive and motor deficits that current assessments often miss. Robot-assisted systems offer a way to quantify these joint impairments and deliver consistent care in low-resource settings, though no specific protocol is yet proven.
• OTCase-Control2018Bilateral reaching deficits after unilateral perinatal ischemic stroke: a population-based case-control study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitationChildren with arterial perinatal stroke showed reaching deficits in both arms, especially the weaker side. Children with venous infarction showed fewer deficits. The better arm can be impaired, so hand function assessment should look beyond the paretic side.
• OTCase Series2017Effect of Passive Limb Activation by Functional Electrical Stimulation on Wheelchair Driving in Patients with Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Case Study.Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOTFunctional electrical stimulation to the affected forearm helped a stroke patient with left neglect drive farther during wheelchair practice, but did not help the other and did not last after stopping.
• OTCohort2018Influence of study population definition on the effect of age on outcomes after blunt head trauma.Brain injuryOlder adults after blunt head trauma had better 1-month functional recovery and fewer post-concussion symptoms than younger adults, whether or not they met TBI criteria.
• PTOTSLPCohort2018The role of biopsychosocial factors in the rehabilitation process of individuals with a stroke.Work (Reading, Mass.)Patients who started rehab more than 16 weeks after stroke, had no family care support, or were single or widowed showed significantly less improvement in mobility and daily activities. Depression and low self-efficacy at admission also predicted poor outcomes. Younger age under 55 was unexpectedly linked to lower efficacy.
• PTOTOther2018Clinical assessment of balance using BBS and SARAbal in cerebellar ataxia: Synthesis of findings of a psychometric property analysis.Hong Kong physiotherapy journal : official publication of the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Association Limited = Wu li chih liaoThe Berg Balance Scale and SARA balance sub-score are free, take 15-20 minutes, and accurately separate patients who use walking aids from those who do not. Cut-offs of less than 44 on the Berg or more than 5 on the SARA identify aid users with high accuracy.
• OTCohort2019Pre-injury assessment of everyday executive function in moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.Neuropsychological rehabilitationFamily or friend raters gave more consistent pre-injury executive-function ratings than patients did after moderate to severe TBI. They also rated patients as more impaired than patients rated themselves, both before and after injury.
• OTOther2019An initial investigation of the reliability and validity of the Compensatory Cognitive Strategies Scale.Neuropsychological rehabilitationA new questionnaire asking people with MS how often they use memory, attention, and organization strategies gave similar answers over about 2 months and was related to reported memory strategies, but it has not been tested to improve care.
• OTPilot2018Informant Report of Financial Capacity for Individuals With Chronic Acquired Brain Injury: An Assessment of Informant Accuracy.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationIn 22 pairs, informant reports did not track how people with chronic acquired brain injury performed on financial tasks. Overall scores looked similar, but informants misjudged 6 of 20 items. Some were overestimated and some underestimated.
• OTQualitative2019The self-management balancing act of spousal care partners in the case of Parkinson's disease.Disability and rehabilitationSpousal care partners of people with Parkinson's described juggling caregiving with their own work, leisure and friendships. They used planning ahead, social contact and outside help while carrying both burden and compassion.
• PTOTSystematic Review2019Racial and ethnic disparities in stroke outcomes: a scoping review of post-stroke disability assessment tools.Disability and rehabilitationPost-stroke disability research used many different outcome measures, and most appeared in only one study. The studies often did not show that measures work equally well across racial and ethnic groups. Only one study examined American Indian, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander groups.
• OTCohort2018Short-Term and Long-Term Outcomes of a Vocational Rehabilitation Program for Patients with Acquired Brain Injury in The Netherlands.Journal of occupational rehabilitationIn a Dutch vocational rehabilitation program for acquired brain injury, 86% returned to useful employer tasks after 4 months. At 3 to 6 years, 64% of those still had paid work, averaging 26.5 hours weekly.
• OTOther2018Fatigue Is Associated With Global and Regional Thalamic Morphometry in Veterans With a History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationIn Veterans with mild TBI, higher self-reported fatigue was associated with smaller thalamic volume and localized shape reductions in the front and inner upper right thalamus. The finding links fatigue to brain structure, not to PTSD or depression alone.