PTOTSLPCohortChild: care, health and development2026

Transitioning to a Flexible, Tiered, Developmentally Informed Same-Day Screening Model for Preschoolers in Low-Resource Settings.

Robyn Smith, Elizabeth M Jordaan, Dorothy C Russell and 10 others

PMID 41645940

WHAT IT FOUND

Separate visits, long English-only tests and age-based screening were reported to make preschool health checks hard to complete in South African ECD centres.

The team proposed same-day visits, shorter sessions and readiness-based tools, but did not test whether this improves screening accuracy.

Key findings

01Caregivers and ECD facilitators reported that separate caregiver and child visits created confusion, discouraged participation and disrupted centre routines.

02Age-based screening often led to test abandonment, incomplete data or unnecessary referrals, especially in children with developmental delays or attention difficulties.

03The proposed model combines caregiver and child screening into a same-day visit and starts with developmental screening to decide whether a child is ready for standard sensory tests.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for PTsWhat it means for OTsWhat it means for SLPs

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What it does not show

The study describes a proposed model and feedback process; it does not test whether the revised screening model works. Feedback was summarised by the team rather than analysed as formal qualitative data, so themes may reflect researchers' interpretation. The sample was convenience based in under-resourced South African ECD centres, so it may not apply elsewhere. Children with previously diagnosed developmental or sensory disabilities were excluded, so the model's handling of already-identified disabilities is not shown. The article reports the refinement process but not baseline screening results, so it does not say how many children had delays, vision or hearing problems or raised blood pressure. Referral uptake and long-term outcomes are not available. Transportation and availability challenges may still limit participation. Standardised tools and questionnaires were mainly English, and interpreter shortages persisted.

Declared interests

The study had no external grant funding. Operational funding came from the University of the Free State School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences and the project collaborator Head Start Kids Non-Governmental Organisation.

The easy way to misread this

Do not read this as evidence that same-day, readiness-based screening improves child outcomes. The paper proposes changes after stakeholder feedback, but it does not report tested screening results, referral effectiveness or long-term developmental outcomes.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →