PTOTOtherDevelopmental medicine and child neurology2026

Psychometric properties of functional mobility outcome measures in children with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita.

Ahlam Zidan, Laurie Snider, Emmanouil Rampakakis and 3 others

PMID 41124586

WHAT IT FOUND

Four mobility measures work well for children with arthrogryposis, but they do not agree on who is impaired.

Use them together for a full picture. Parents reported worse mobility than children did, so ask both. Small changes of 1-2 levels on walking scales are meaningful.

Key findings

01The four mobility measures correlate strongly with each other, confirming they all assess functional mobility in children with arthrogryposis.

02Agreement between the measures on classifying a child's mobility level was only poor to good, meaning a child might be classified differently depending on which tool is used.

03Minimal important differences were estimated for the first time in this population, ranging from 1.1 to 1.5 points on the FMS and FAQ, 14.24 on the WeeFIM, and 3.19 to 4.34 on the PROMIS.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for PTsWhat it means for OTs

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What it does not show

The study was cross-sectional, so it cannot tell us how sensitive these measures are to change over time or how well they track progress in response to intervention. MIDs were calculated using only statistical methods because patient-reported 'change' data was not available. These are initial benchmarks and may not fully reflect what patients consider a meaningful improvement. Agreement between measures was assessed using the median score of this specific sample as a cut-off, which may not be applicable to other populations. The PROMIS Pediatric self-report had approximately 40% missing data because it was only given to children aged 8 and older, which may affect the reliability of those specific findings.

Declared interests

The authors declared no conflicts of interest. The study was funded by the Islamic Development Bank, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine at McGill University, and the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

The easy way to misread this

Do not assume that a small numerical improvement on one scale means the child's mobility has meaningfully changed. The study found that these four measures often disagree on a child's mobility level, and the Minimal Important Difference is a statistical estimate from a cross-sectional sample, not a proven clinical threshold for tracking progress over time.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →