PTOTCohortJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2025

Overground robotic walker use in the home and community: a six-month prospective cohort study.

Alicia J Hilderley, Christa M Diot, Hua Shen and 4 others

PMID 41390416

WHAT IT FOUND

Over six months, family-directed use of a robotic walker in the home was associated with modest improvements in walking ability, physical activity, and sleep.

Most participants remained wheelchair users, and gains rarely crossed the threshold for clinical importance.

Key findings

01Functional ability scores improved significantly over time, with a median score moving from 1 to 2 on the Gillette FAQ, but only a small fraction of participants achieved the minimal important difference of 1.5 points.

02Sleep disturbance and physical activity scores showed statistically significant improvements after adjusting for baseline characteristics, while changes in positive affect and bowel function did not remain significant.

03Device usage patterns shifted over time: participants used the walker fewer times per month but for longer durations, resulting in stable total monthly steps.

STILL TO COME

How it was doneWhat they foundWhat it means for PTsWhat it means for OTs

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What it does not show

This was an observational study with no control group, so improvements cannot be definitively attributed to the device rather than natural development, placebo effect, or increased family attention. Participants self-selected into the study by leasing or purchasing the device, introducing potential bias as these families were already motivated to see benefits. Missing data was substantial, with questionnaire completion rates dropping from 84% at baseline to 57% at 6 months, and device usage data available for 136 to 165 participants. The study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have influenced physical activity levels and sleep patterns independently of the device. Outcome measures were parent-reported, which may introduce variability or bias compared to clinician-rated assessments.

Declared interests

The study was funded by the Robertson Fund for Cerebral Palsy Research at the University of Calgary. The text notes that participants leased or purchased devices from Trexo Robotics, but does not explicitly state Trexo Robotics provided funding for this specific study or that authors had financial conflicts with the company.

The easy way to misread this

Do not interpret the statistically significant improvement in walking ability as a guarantee of clinically meaningful change. The median score shifted from 1 to 2 on the FAQ, but most participants did not reach the minimal important difference of 1.5 points, meaning many remained at a similar level of functional independence.

Summarised by AI from the full paper, without a clinician reviewing it. Check it against the source before it changes what you do. Read it on PubMed →